外研版八年級英語上冊Unit6Whendisasterstrikes詞匯句子專項訓練滿分100分一、詞匯辨析（從括號內選擇正確單詞并用其適當形式填空，共15分）The______(earth/earthquake)causedgreatdamagetothesmallvillagelastmonth.Weshouldlearnsome______(survive/survival)skillsincaseofemergencies.The______(rescue/rescuer)teamhasbeenworkingdayandnighttosavepeopletrappedintheruins.It'simportanttostay______(calm/calmly)whenfacinganaturaldisaster.The______(frighten/frightening)stormdestroyedhundredsofhousesinthearea.He______(escape/escaped)fromtheburningbuildingwiththehelpoffirefighters.Thegovernmentprovided______(assist/assistance)tothevictimsoftheflood.Therewasa______(suddenly/sudden)powercutduringtheheavyrain.The______(injure/injured)weresenttothehospitalimmediatelyaftertheaccident.Weneedto______(prepare/preparation)forthecomingtyphooninadvance.The______(destroy/destruction)oftheancienttemplemadeeveryonesad.Shefelt______(help/helpless)whenshefoundherselfaloneinthedark.The______(warn/warning)signonthewallremindsustobecareful.They______(bury/buried)thedeadbodiesaftertheearthquaketopreventdisease.The______(danger/dangerous)situationrequiredustomakeaquickdecision.二、用括號里單詞的正確形式完成句子（共20分）Whentheearthquake______(happen),Iwashavingaclassintheclassroom.Bythetimetherescueteamarrived,manypeople______(alreadyleave)theaffectedarea.Ifaflood______(come),weshouldmovetohighergroundassoonaspossible.He______(notsleep)fortwodayssincethedisasterstruck.Thevolunteers______(provide)foodandwaterforthehomelessnow.Itisreportedthatthenumberofdeaths______(rise)to50sofar.She______(walk)alongthestreetwhenastrongwindblewherhataway.We______(learn)aboutdisasterpreventionsincelastterm.Thebridge______(destroy)bythefloodlastweek.They______(build)temporarysheltersforthevictimsnextmonth.Remember______(turnoff)thegasbeforeleavingthehouseduringanearthquake.Thelittlegirl______(cry)becauseshecouldn'tfindherparentsafterthestorm.It'snecessaryforus______(know)howtogivefirstaid.Bynextyear,they______(complete)theconstructionofthenewfloodcontrolproject.WhenIgotthere,thefire______(putout)bythefirefighters.Headvisedus______(stay)awayfromthecoastalareasduringthehurricane.Thestudents______(teach)howtoprotectthemselvesinadisasteratthemoment.Ifwe______(take)thewarningseriously,wecouldhaveavoidedtheaccident.Thesurvivors______(tell)theirstoriestothereportersyesterday.I______(watch)TVwhenthenewsaboutthetsunamicameout.三、用括號里中文提示及句意完成句子（共25分）Weshould______(保持冷靜)whenadisasterhappens.Thegovernmenthas______(建立)adisasterreliefcenterinthecity.It'simportantto______(聽從)theinstructionsoftheauthoritiesduringadisaster.Manypeoplewere______(被困)intheliftwhenthepowerwentout.They______(分發(fā))blanketstothevictimstokeepthemwarm.Weneedto______(為……做準備)naturaldisastersinourdailylife.Theearthquakecaused______(嚴重的損失)tothelocaleconomy.Aftertheflood,thesoldiershelpedto______(清理)themudfromthestreets.She______(幸存下來)theearthquakebyhidingunderastrongtable.TheRedCross______(提供)medicalcarefortheinjuredinthedisaster.Weshouldlearnhowto______(進行急救)incaseofanemergency.The______(余震)afterthemainearthquakearealsoverydangerous.They______(逃離)theirhomesbeforethevolcanoerupted.The______(救援隊)workedhardtofindpeopletrappedundertheruins.Weneedto______(節(jié)約用水)becausethewatersupplywascutoff.The______(緊急情況)madeeveryoneactquickly.He______(受傷)intheaccidentandhadtostayinhospitalforamonth.Thevillagers______(重建)theirhomeswiththehelpofthegovernment.Weshould______(互相幫助)whenfacingadisaster.The______(天氣預報)saystherewillbeaheavysnowstormtomorrow.They______(發(fā)出)awarningaboutthecomingtyphoonontheradio.The______(泥石流)blockedtheroadandstoppedallthetraffic.She______(害怕)whensheheardtheloudnoiseoftheexplosion.Weneedto______(儲存)somefoodandwaterathomeincaseofemergencies.The______(地震儀)candetectearthquakesbeforetheyhappen.四、句型轉換（共20分）Theearthquakehappenedat3:00yesterdayafternoon.（對劃線部分提問）____________theearthquake______?Weshouldstayindoorsduringathunderstorm.（改為否定句）We____________indoorsduringathunderstorm.Therescueworkerssavedhundredsofpeopleintheflood.（改為被動語態(tài)）Hundredsofpeople____________bytherescueworkersintheflood."Iwillhelpthevictimsrebuildtheirhomes,"hesaid.（改為間接引語）Hesaidthat____________helpthevictimsrebuildtheirhomes.Itisnecessarytoprepareanemergencykit.（改為同義句）______anemergencykitis______.Theyhavebuilt100temporaryshelterssincelastmonth.（對劃線部分提問）____________temporaryshelters______they______sincelastmonth?Ifyoudon'tleavenow,youwillmissthelastbus.（改為同義句）____________now,______youwillmissthelastbus.Thestormwassostrongthatituprootedmanybigtrees.（改為同義句）Itwas__________________thatituprootedmanybigtrees.Hehasbeenamemberoftherescueteamforthreeyears.（改為同義句）He______therescueteamthreeyears______.Theyaredonatingmoneytohelpthedisastervictims.（對劃線部分提問）____________they______moneytohelp?五、漢譯英（共20分）當地震發(fā)生時，我們應該躲在桌子底下。政府已經向受災地區(qū)提供了大量的援助。了解一些防災知識對每個人來說都很重要。洪水過后，許多人無家可歸。救援人員花了三天時間才找到被困的小女孩。如果發(fā)生火災，記得撥打119。地震導致許多建筑物倒塌。我們應該互相幫助，共渡難關。他在這次事故中傷了腿，不能走路。通過這次災難，我們學會了更加珍惜生命。答案解析一、詞匯辨析earthquake：earth意為“地球”，earthquake意為“地震”，此處指自然災害，選earthquake。survival：survive是動詞“幸存”，survival是名詞“生存”，修飾名詞skills用名詞作定語，選survival。rescue：rescue可作定語修飾team，rescuer指“救援人員”，此處指“救援隊”，選rescue。calm：stay是系動詞，后接形容詞作表語，calm是形容詞“冷靜的”，calmly是副詞，選calm。frightening：frighten是動詞“使害怕”，frightening是形容詞“令人害怕的”，修飾storm用frightening。escaped：根據語境可知用一般過去時，escape是動詞原形，escaped是過去式，選escaped。assistance：assist是動詞“幫助”，assistance是名詞“援助”，provided后接名詞作賓語，選assistance。sudden：suddenly是副詞“突然地”，sudden是形容詞“突然的”，修飾名詞powercut用形容詞，選sudden。injured：injure是動詞“傷害”，theinjured表示“受傷的人”，是固定用法，選injured。prepare：needto后接動詞原形，prepare是動詞“準備”，preparation是名詞，選prepare。destruction：destroy是動詞“破壞”，destruction是名詞“破壞”，名詞所有格后接名詞，選destruction。helpless：help是動詞“幫助”，helpless是形容詞“無助的”，feel后接形容詞作表語，選helpless。warning：warn是動詞“警告”，warning是名詞“警告”，修飾名詞sign用動名詞作定語，選warning。buried：根據語境可知用一般過去時，bury是動詞原形，buried是過去式，選buried。dangerous：danger是名詞“危險”，dangerous是形容詞“危險的”，修飾名詞situation用形容詞，選dangerous。二、用括號里單詞的正確形式完成句子happened：根據語境可知用一般過去時，happen的過去式是happened。hadalreadyleft：bythetime引導的從句用一般過去時，主句用過去完成時，leave的過去分詞是es：if引導的條件狀語從句遵循“主將從現”，主語aflood是第三人稱單數，come用comes。hasn'tslept：since引導的從句用一般過去時，主句用現在完成時，主語he是第三人稱單數，否定形式是hasn'tslept。areproviding：now表明用現在進行時，主語volunteers是復數，be動詞用are，provide的現在分詞是providing。hasrisen：sofar表明用現在完成時，主語thenumber是第三人稱單數，rise的過去分詞是risen。waswalking：when引導的從句用一般過去時，主句用過去進行時，主語she是第三人稱單數，be動詞用was，walk的現在分詞是walking。havelearned：sincelastterm表明用現在完成時，主語we是復數，learn的過去分詞是learned。wasdestroyed：lastweek表明用一般過去時，主語bridge與destroy是被動關系，用被動語態(tài)wasdestroyed。willbuild：nextmonth表明用一般將來時，will后接動詞原形build。toturnoff：remembertodosth.表示“記得去做某事”，turnoff用不定式形式。cried：根據語境可知用一般過去時，cry的過去式是cried。toknow：it'snecessaryforsb.todosth.表示“對某人來說做某事是必要的”，know用不定式形式。willhavecompleted：bynextyear表明用將來完成時，willhave后接過去分詞completed。hadbeenputout：when引導的從句用一般過去時，主句用過去完成時，fire與putout是被動關系，用被動語態(tài)hadbeenputout。tostay：advisesb.todosth.表示“建議某人做某事”，stay用不定式形式。arebeingtaught：atthemoment表明用現在進行時，students與teach是被動關系，用被動語態(tài)arebeingtaught。hadtaken：此處是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，if從句用過去完成時hadtaken。told：yesterday表明用一般過去時，tell的過去式是told。waswatching：when引導的從句用一般過去時，主句用過去進行時，主語I是第一人稱，be動詞用was，watch的現在分詞是watching。三、用括號里中文提示及句意完成句子keepcalmsetupfollowtrappedhandedoutprepareforseriousdamagecleanupsurvivedprovidesgivefirstaidaftershocksfledrescueteamsavewateremergencygotinjuredrebuilthelpeachotherweatherforecastissuedmudslidewasfrightenedstoreseismograph四、句型轉換Whendid；happen：對時間提問用when，一般過去時的疑問句借助did，動詞用原形happen。shouldn'tstay：should的否定形式是shouldn't，后接動詞原形stay。weresaved：一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結構是was/were+過去分詞，主語people是復數，用weresaved。hewould：直接引語變間接引語，第一人稱I變?yōu)榈谌朔Qhe，一般將來時變?yōu)檫^去將來時would。Preparing；necessary：動名詞作主語，itisnecessarytodosth.可轉換為doings