1(2017·黑龍江哈爾濱六中三模)NewgeneticanalysishasrevealedthatmanyAmazontreespeciesarelikelytosurvivehuman-madeclimatewarmingintheingcentury，contrarytopreviousfindingsthattemperatureincreaseswouldcausethemtodieout.Astudy，1inthelatesteditionofEcologyandEvolution，revealsthe2ageofsomeAmazoniantreespecies—morethan8millionyears—and3showsthattheyhavesurvivedpreviousperiodsaswarmasmanyoftheglobalwarmingimaginedperiods4fortheyear2100.Theauthorswritethat，havingsurvivedwarmperiodsinthepast，thetreeswill5survivefuturewarming，providedtherearenoothermajorenvironmentalchanges.6extremedroughtsandforestfireswillimpactAmazoniaastemperatures7，thetreeswillstandthedirectimpactofhighertemperatures.Theauthors8thataswellasreducinggreenhousegasemissionstominimizetheriskofdroughtandfire，conservationpolicyshouldremain9onpreventingdeforestation(采伐森林)foragricultureandmining.Thestudydisagreeswithotherrecentresearcheswhichpredictedtreespecies’extinctions10relativelysmallincreasesinglobalaverageairtemperatures.Studyco-authorDrSimonLewis(UCLGeography)saidthe11weregoodnewsforAmazontreespecies，butwarnedthatdroughtandover-exploitationoftheforestremainedmajor12totheAmazon’sfuture.DrLewissaid，“Thepastcannotbepareddirectlywiththefuture.Whiletreespeciesseemlikelyto13higherairtemperaturesthantoday，theAmazonforestisbeingtransformedforagricultureand14，andwhatremainsisbeingdegraded(使惡化)bylogging(伐木)，andincreasinglysplitupbyfieldsandroads.“Specieswillnotmoveasfreelyintoday’sAmazonastheydidinpreviouswarmperiods，whentherewasnohuman15.Similarly，today’sclimatechangeisextremelyfast，makingparisonswithslowerchangesinthepast16.”“Withaclearer17oftherelativeriskstotheAmazonforest，we18shouldremainakeypointofconservationpolicy.Wealsoneedmoreaggressivegshouldremainakeypointofconservationpolicy.Wealsoneedmoreaggressiveshouldremainakeypointofconservationpolicy.Wealsoneedmoreaggressive19toreducegreenhousegasemissionsinordertomakeminimumtheriskofdroughtandfireimpactsand20thefutureofmostAmazontreespecies.”語篇解讀本文主要講了一項最新的研究，研究表明氣候變暖不會使亞馬遜古代樹種滅絕。1．A.advertised B．describedC．published D．presented答案C解析advertise做廣告；describe描述；publish公布；present呈現(xiàn)。此處表示：《生物與進化》的最新版公布的一項研究。故選C。2．A.frightening B．surprisingC．exciting D．interesting答案B解析frightening令人害怕的；surprising令人驚訝的；exciting令人興奮的；interesting有趣的。句意為：這項研究揭示了亞馬遜樹種驚人的年齡。故選B。3．A.still B．neverthelessC．however D．therefore答案D解析句意為：這些古代樹種有著超800多萬年的樹齡，因此表明了它可以幸存于和先前所有時期一樣溫暖的全球氣候變暖的時期，預測為2100年。therefore因此。故選D。4．A.assess B．confirmC．forecast D．promise答案C解析assess評定；confirm確認；forecast預測；promise允許。由上題解析可知選C。5．A.particularly B．probablyC．merely D．possibly答案B解析句意為：作者寫道，亞馬遜的樹種曾在高溫氣候中生存下來，所以將來也有可能在氣溫升高的氣候中存活。故選B。6．A.Since B．AlthoughC．When D．If答案B解析句意為：雖然隨著溫度的升高，嚴重的干旱及森林火災將會影響亞馬遜流域，但這些樹木將會忍受更高溫度的直接影響。故選B。7．A.rise B．changeC．drop D．end答案A解析rise升高；change變化；drop掉落；end結束。由本句末的“highertemperatures”可知應是溫度升高。故選A。8．A.consider B．decideC．guarantee D．remend答案D解析consider考慮；decide決定；guarantee保證；remend推薦，建議。后面是作者的建議，故選D。9．A.based B．builtC．focused D．made答案C解析base以……基礎；build建筑；focus集中；make制作。句意為：保護措施應當仍然集中于防止為了農業(yè)和礦業(yè)的發(fā)展而采伐森林。故選C。10．A.inrelationto B．inresponsetoC．inreplyto D．inreferenceto答案B解析inrelationto關于，涉及；inresponseto響應，回答，對……做出反應；inreplyto答復……；inreferenceto關于。句意為：這項研究與最近其他研究不同的是他們預測樹種的滅絕是對相對小幅度的全球平均氣溫升高的反應。故選B。11．A.findings B．thoughtsC．inventions D．writings答案A解析finding發(fā)現(xiàn)；thought想法；invention發(fā)明；writing作品。句意為：教授說這些發(fā)現(xiàn)對于亞馬遜樹種來說是一個好消息，但他警告稱干旱和過度采伐森林對于亞馬遜的未來來說仍然是主要的威脅。故選A。12．A.threats B．disadvantagesC．embarrassments D．instructions答案A解析threat威脅；disadvantage不利條件；embarrassment窘境；instruction說明，指示。由上題解析可知選A。13．A.accept B．tolerateC．permit D．require答案B解析accept接受；tolerate容忍，忍耐；permit允許；require要求。句意為：雖然樹種好像能忍耐比現(xiàn)在更高的溫度，但亞馬遜森林正在向農業(yè)和礦業(yè)轉變。故選B。14．A.farming B．plantingC．catering D．mining答案D解析farming畜牧業(yè)；planting種植業(yè)；catering服務業(yè)；mining礦業(yè)。由第二段最后一句中的“deforestation(采伐森林)foragricultureandmining”可知選D。15．A.power B．influenceC．desire D．violence答案B解析power力量；influence影響；desire欲望；violence暴力。句意為：當這里沒有人類影響的時候。故選B。16．A.difficult B．clearC．easy D．important答案A解析句意為：現(xiàn)在氣候變化極快，使之與過去緩慢的變化比較起來很難。故選A。17．A.belief B．directionC．understanding D．suggestion答案C解析句意為：更清楚地理解了亞馬遜森林所面對的危險，我們推斷出人類直接的影響，比如為了農、礦業(yè)而采伐森林，仍是保護政策的重點。18．A.doubt B．concludeC．calculate D．prefer答案B解析conclude推斷，做結論。由上題解析可知選B。19．A.thought B．guidanceC．protection D．action答案D解析句意為：為了把干旱和火災的風險降到最低并保護亞馬遜樹種的未來，我們也需要更多積極的行動來減少溫室氣體的排放。action行動。20．A.secure B．advanceC．sacrifice D．evaluate答案A解析secure保護，使安全。由上題解析可知選A。2(2017·安徽黃山二次質檢)Menandwomenmayhavedifferentexperiencesinshoppingforclothes.Amangoesshoppingbecauseheneedssomething.Hispurposeissettledanddecidedin21.Heknowswhathewants，andhis22istofinditandbuyit.Allmen23walkintoashopandasktheshopassistantforwhattheywant.Iftheshophasitinstock(庫存)，thedealcanbedoneand24ispletedinlessthanfiveminutes，withhardlyanychattoeveryone’s25.Foraman，slightproblemsmaybeginwhentheshopdoesnothavewhathewants.Inthat26，thesalesmantriestosellthecustomersomethingelse—he27thenearesttothearticlerequired.Agoodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitute(替代品)28；hemaysay，“Iknowthisjacketisnotthestyleyouwant，sir，butwouldyouliketotryitforsize？It29tobethecoloryoumentioned.”Fewmenhave30withthistreatment，andtheusualansweris：“Thisistherightcolorandmaybetherightsize，butIshouldn’tbe31mytimeandyoursbytryingiton.”Forawoman，buyingclothesisalwaysdoneinthe32way.Hershoppingisnotoften33onneed.Shehasneverfullydecidedwhatshewants，andsheisonly“havingalookaround”．Sheisalways34topersuasion，willingtotryonanynumberofthings.Deepinhermindisthethoughtoffindingsomethingthat35thinkssuitsher.Mostwomenhaveanexcellentsenseofvalueandarealwaysonthelookoutfortheunexpected36.Facedwitharoomfulofdresses，awomanmayeasilyspendanhourgoingfromonerailtoanother37selectingthedressshewantsto38.Itisatiresomeprocess，butclearlya(n)39one.Mostdressshopsprovidechairsforthewaiting40.語篇解讀本文為說明文。文章介紹了男女在購物方面的不同表現(xiàn)。21．A.detail B．hurryC．advance D．mind答案C解析根據下句“Heknowswhathewants...”可知男人購物時，他們要買的東西預先(inadvance)就決定好了。22．A.advice B．goalC．demand D．question答案B解析既然他知道他想要什么，因此他的目標(goal)就是發(fā)現(xiàn)它并購買。advice建議；demand要求；question問題。23．A.quickly B．immediatelyC．soon D．simply答案D解析所有的男士只是(simply)走進商店向售貨員要他們想要的東西。quickly迅速地；immediately立即；soon不久。24．A.often B．constantlyC．normally D．finally答案A解析如果商店有現(xiàn)貨就可以進行交易，交易過程常常(often)在不到5分鐘之內就可完成，幾乎沒有閑聊且皆大歡喜(toeveryone’ssatisfaction)。constantly不停地；normally正常地，一般地；finally最后。25．A.confidence B．amusementC．satisfaction D．surprise答案C解析解析見上題。confidence信心；amusement娛樂；satisfaction滿意；surprise驚奇。26．A.time B．eventC．situation D．case答案D解析如果那樣的話(inthatcase)，售貨員就會竭盡全力賣給顧客其他東西——售貨員會把離這位男顧客想要的東西最近的那件提供(offer)給他。27．A.gives B．offersC．presents D．delivers答案B解析解析見上題。give給予；present贈送，呈現(xiàn)；deliver送(貨)。28．A.skillfully B．attentivelyC．actively D．carefully答案A解析好的售貨員會巧妙地(skillfully)拿出這樣的替代品。attentively認真地；actively積極地；carefully仔細地。29．A.occurs B．happensC．es D．takes答案B解析先生，我知道這件夾克不是你想要的款式，但是你能試一試這件看看尺碼合適嗎？那碰巧(happen)是你提到的那種顏色。30．A.patience B．interestC．expectation D．experience答案A解析根據上文男士購物特點的介紹可知：很少的男士會對這種服務有耐心(patience)。interest興趣；expectation期待；experience經驗。31．A.losing B．spendingC．giving D．wasting答案D解析這件的顏色和大小可能都合適，但我不應該通過試穿它來浪費(waste)你我的時間。lose丟失；spend花費；give給予。32．A.same B．cleverC．opposite D．similar答案C解析對于女士來說，她們總是以迥然不同的(opposite)方式購買衣服。same相同的；clever聰明的；similar相似的。33．A.relied B．basedC．done D．related答案B解析女士購物經常不是基于需要。bebasedon基于……；be