2025年考研英語（二）閱讀理解沖刺押題試卷高分必看考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解directions:Readeachofthefollowingpassages.AnswerthequestionsbychoosingthebestanswerfromamongthechoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).MarkyouransweronAnswerSheet2.PassageOneTheriseoftheso-called"gigeconomy"hasbeenoneofthemostsignificanttransformationsinthelabormarketoverthepastdecade.Fueledbydigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithcustomers,industriesrangingfromtransportationtofreelancewritinghaveseenasurgeinshort-termcontractsandfreelancework.Proponentsarguethatthismodeloffersgreaterflexibilityforbothworkersandbusinesses,allowingforamoredynamicandadaptableworkforce.However,criticsraiseconcernsaboutthelackofjobsecurity,benefits,andlong-termcareerprospectsforgigworkers.Amajorargumentinfavorofthegigeconomyisitspotentialtoempowerindividualsbyprovidingthemwiththefreedomtochoosetheirownhours,projects,andclients.Thisflexibilityisparticularlyappealingtothosewhovalueautonomyandwishtoescapetherigidstructuresoftraditionalemployment.Forbusinesses,thegigeconomyoffersacost-effectivesolution,enablingthemtoaccessawidepooloftalentwithouttheburdensoffull-timeemployment,suchashealthinsuranceandretirementplans.Thiscanleadtoincreasedinnovationandefficiency,ascompaniescanquicklyscaletheiroperationsupordownbasedondemand.Despitetheseadvantages,thegigeconomyisnotwithoutitsdrawbacks.Oneofthemostsignificantcriticismsisthelackofjobsecurityandstabilityforworkers.Gigjobsareoftenproject-basedandcanbeterminatedwithoutnotice,leavingworkersvulnerabletoincomefluctuationsandtheabsenceofbenefitslikehealthinsurance,paidleave,andretirementsavings.Thisprecariousnesscanleadtofinancialinsecurityandanxiety,particularlyforthosewhorelyongigworkastheirprimarysourceofincome.Additionally,theabsenceofaclearcareerprogressionpathcanmakeitdifficultforgigworkerstobuildlong-termprofessionalrelationshipsorgaintheskillsandexperienceneededforadvancement.Theregulatorylandscapesurroundingthegigeconomyisalsoapointofcontention.Governmentsaroundtheworldaregrapplingwithhowtoclassifygigworkers—whetherasindependentcontractorsoremployees—eachclassificationcarryingdifferentlegalimplicationsforbothworkersandbusinesses.Somearguethatgigworkersshouldbeclassifiedasemployeestoensuretheyreceivethesameprotectionsandbenefitsastraditionalworkers,whileothersmaintainthatforcingplatformstoprovidethesebenefitscouldstifleinnovationandjobcreation.Asthegigeconomycontinuestogrow,findingabalancebetweenprotectingworkersandfosteringadynamiclabormarketwillbecrucial.Questions:1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?2.Accordingtoproponents,whataretheprimarybenefitsofthegigeconomyforworkers?3.Whataresomeoftheconcernsraisedbycriticsaboutthegigeconomy?4.Howdobusinessesbenefitfromthegigeconomy?5.Whatisthemainchallengefacinggovernmentsregardingthegigeconomy?PassageTwoTherapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedaglobaldebateaboutitspotentialimpactonvariousaspectsofsociety,particularlythejobmarket.WhilesomeenvisionafuturewhereAIcomplementshumanlabor,leadingtoincreasedproductivityandnewjobcreation,othersfearascenariowhereAIreplaceshumanworkersonalargescale,leadingtowidespreadunemployment.UnderstandingthepotentialconsequencesofAIiscrucialforpolicymakers,businesses,andindividualsalike.OneofthemostsignificantimpactsofAIisexpectedtobeintherealmofautomation.Tasksthatarerepetitive,predictable,andrule-basedareparticularlysusceptibletoautomation,whichcouldleadtothedisplacementofworkersinindustriessuchasmanufacturing,dataentry,andcustomerservice.However,AIalsohasthepotentialtocreatenewjobs,particularlyinthefieldsofAIdevelopment,maintenance,andoversight.Thesejobsrequireadifferentsetofskills,includingprogramming,dataanalysis,andcriticalthinking,whichcoulddrivetheneedforneweducationalandtrainingprograms.TheimpactofAIonthejobmarketisnotjustaboutthecreationanddestructionofjobsbutalsoaboutthechangingnatureofworkitself.AsAItakesovermoreroutinetasks,thedemandforhumanskillssuchascreativity,emotionalintelligence,andcomplexproblem-solvingislikelytoincrease.Thisshiftcouldleadtoatransformationinthetypesofjobsthataremostvaluedandsoughtafter,aswellastheskillsthatworkersneedtosucceed.Forexample,jobsthatrequireinterpersonalinteraction,strategicthinking,andartisticexpressionmaybecomemoreprevalent.AnotherconcernisthepotentialforAItoexacerbateexistinginequalities.IfAIprimarilybenefitsthosewhohavetheresourcestoinvestinit,suchaslargecorporationsanddevelopedcountries,itcouldwidenthegapbetweentherichandthepoor,aswellasbetweendifferentnations.Additionally,thereareethicalconcernsabouttheuseofAI,particularlyregardingissuesofprivacy,bias,andtransparency.EnsuringthatAIisdevelopedanddeployedresponsiblywillbeessentialtomitigatetheserisksandmaximizeitsbenefitsforsociety.Ultimately,theimpactofAIonthejobmarketwilldependonhowitismanagedandregulated.Policymakerswillneedtoworkcloselywithbusinesses,educationalinstitutions,andworkerstodevelopstrategiesthatpromotetheresponsibledevelopmentanduseofAI,whilealsopreparingtheworkforceforthejobsofthefuture.Thismayinvolveinvestingineducationandtrainingprograms,creatingnewpoliciestosupportdisplacedworkers,andfosteringacultureofinnovationandadaptability.Questions:6.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?7.WhattypesofjobsaremostlikelytobeaffectedbyAIaccordingtothepassage?8.HowmightAIchangethenatureofworkinthefuture?9.WhataresomeoftheethicalconcernsassociatedwithAI?10.Whatstepscanbetakentopreparetheworkforceforthejobsofthefuture?PassageThreeTheincreasingprevalenceofsocialmediahashadaprofoundimpactonhowpeoplecommunicate,shareinformation,andformrelationships.Whilesocialmediahasbroughtnumerousbenefits,suchastheabilitytoconnectwithothersacrosstheglobeandaccessawealthofinformation,ithasalsoraisedconcernsaboutitspotentialnegativeeffectsonmentalhealth,socialinteraction,andprivacy.Oneofthemostsignificantbenefitsofsocialmediaisitsabilitytofacilitatecommunicationandconnection.PlatformslikeFacebook,Twitter,andInstagramallowpeopletostayintouchwithfriendsandfamily,regardlessofgeographicaldistance.Thishasparticularlybeenvaluableformaintainingrelationshipswithlovedoneswholivefarawayandforreconnectingwitholdfriends.Additionally,socialmediahasmadeiteasiertofindandconnectwithpeoplewhosharesimilarinterests,leadingtotheformationofonlinecommunitiesandtheexchangeofideasandinformationonaglobalscale.Despitethesebenefits,socialmediahasalsobeenlinkedtovariousnegativeeffectsonmentalhealth.Studieshaveshownthatexcessiveuseofsocialmediacanleadtoincreasedfeelingsofloneliness,depression,andanxiety.Thismaybeduetothephenomenonof"socialcomparison,"wherepeoplecomparetheirownlivestotheseeminglyperfectlivesofothersaspresentedonsocialmedia.Additionally,theconstantbarrageofinformationandthepressuretopresentapositiveimagecanbeoverwhelmingandleadtofeelingsofinadequacyandlowself-esteem.Anotherconcernistheimpactofsocialmediaonface-to-faceinteractions.Aspeoplespendmoretimeengagingwithsocialmedia,theymayspendlesstimeinteractingwithothersintherealworld.Thiscanleadtoadeclineinsocialskillsandareducedabilitytoformdeep,meaningfulrelationships.Additionally,thesuperficialnatureofmanysocialmediainteractionscanleadtoasenseofdisconnectionfromothers,evenwhensurroundedbyfriendsandfamily.Privacyisanothersignificantissueassociatedwithsocialmedia.Thevastamountofpersonalinformationthatpeopleshareonsocialmediaplatformscanbevulnerabletomisuse,whetherbyhackers,companies,orevenfriendsandfamily.Additionally,thelackofcontroloverhowpersonalinformationisusedandsharedcanleadtofeelingsofanxietyanddistrust.Associalmediacontinuestoevolve,findingwaystoprotectprivacywhilestillenjoyingthebenefitsoftheseplatformswillbecrucial.Questions:11.Whataresomeofthebenefitsofsocialmedia?12.Howmightsocialmedianegativelyaffectmentalhealth?13.Whatistheimpactofsocialmediaonface-to-faceinteractions?14.Whataresomeoftheprivacyconcernsassociatedwithsocialmedia?15.Howcanindividualsprotecttheirprivacywhileusingsocialmedia?PassageFourTheincreasingawarenessofenvironmentalissueshasledtoagrowingmovementtowardssustainableliving.Sustainablelivingreferstotheadoptionoflifestylechoicesthatminimizenegativeimpactsontheenvironment,suchasreducingwaste,conservingenergy,andusingrenewableresources.Whilethetransitiontoamoresustainablelifestylemayseemdaunting,therearenumerouswaysindividualscanmakeadifferencewithoutdrasticallyalteringtheirdailyroutines.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystolivesustainablyistoreducewaste.Thiscanbeachievedbypracticingthe"threeRs"ofwastemanagement:reduce,reuse,andrecycle.Reducingconsumptionisthemosteffectivewaytominimizewaste,asitmeanslesstrashisgeneratedinthefirstplace.Reusingitemsinsteadofthrowingthemawaycanalsosignificantlyreducewaste,andrecyclinghelpstoturnwasteintonewproducts,conservingresourcesandenergy.Conservingenergyisanotherkeyaspectofsustainableliving.Thiscanbedonebyusingenergy-efficientappliances,turningofflightsandelectronicswhennotinuse,andusingrenewableenergysourceswheneverpossible.Forexample,installingsolarpanelsonone'shomecanprovideclean,renewableenergyandreducerelianceonfossilfuels.Additionally,choosingtousepublictransportation,carpooling,orbikinginsteadofdrivingalonecansignificantlyreduceenergyconsumptionandcarbonemissions.Usingrenewableresourcesisalsoessentialforsustainableliving.Thiscanbedonebychoosingproductsmadefromsustainablematerials,suchasbambooorrecycledmaterials,andbysupportingbusinessesthatpracticesustainableproductionmethods.Additionally,eatingaplant-baseddietcanbemoresustainablethanameat-baseddiet,asitrequiresfewerresourcesandproduceslessgreenhousegasemissions.Whileindividualactionscanmakeadifference,sustainablelivingisalsoacollectiveeffort.Supportingpoliciesandinitiativesthatpromotesustainabilityatthelocal,national,andgloballevelsiscrucialforcreatingamoresustainablefuture.Thiscaninvolvevotingforleaderswhoprioritizeenvironmentalissues,participatingincommunityclean-upefforts,orjoiningenvironmentalorganizationstoadvocateforchange.Questions:16.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?17.Whatarethe"threeRs"ofwastemanagement?18.Howcanconservingenergybepartofsustainableliving?19.Whataresomewaystouserenewableresources?20.Whyiscollectiveeffortimportantforsustainableliving?第二部分新題型directions:Thefollowingpassageismadeupofsixsentences.ChoosethemostsuitablesentencefromthefouroptionsA),B),C)andD)tofilleachoftheblanks(21-26),makingsureeachsentencefitsthecontext.Eachoptionmaybeusedonceornotatall.MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheet2.Theglobalfinancialcrisisof2008exposedthevulnerabilitiesinthefinancialsystemandledtoareevaluationoftheroleofregulation._21_,manycountriesimplementedstricterregulationstopreventsimilarcrisesfromoccurringinthefuture.Despitetheseefforts,however,financialinstabilitycontinuestobeaconcern._22_,theriseofdigitalcurrenciesanddecentralizedfinance(DeFi)hasintroducednewchallenges._23_,thesetechnologiesofferpotentialbenefits,suchasincreasedaccessibilityandreducedtransactioncosts._24_,theyalsoposerisks,suchasregulatoryuncertaintyandthepotentialforfraud._25_,findingabalancebetweeninnovationandregulationwillbecrucialforthefuturestabilityofthefinancialsystem._26_,thelessonslearnedfromthe2008crisisshouldnotbeforgotten.A.AsaresultB.NeverthelessC.MoreoverD.Therefore第三部分翻譯directions:PutthefollowingpassageintoChinese.Therapidadvancementoftechnologyhasrevolutionizedthewaywelive,work,andcommunicate.FromsmartphonesandsocialmediatoartificialintelligenceandtheInternetofThings,technologyhasbecomeanintegralpartofourdailylives.Whilethishasbroughtnumerousbenefits,suchasincreasedconvenience,efficiency,andaccesstoinformation,ithasalsoraisedconcernsaboutitspotentialnegativeimpacts,particularlyonprivacy,jobsecurity,andsocialinteraction.Aswecontinuetonavigatethecomplexitiesofthedigitalage,itisessentialtocriticallyevaluatetheroleoftechnologyinourlivesandtodevelopstrategiestomitigateitsriskswhilemaximizingitsbenefits.試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解PassageOne1.A解析：文章首段提出“gigeconomy”的崛起是勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)最顯著的轉(zhuǎn)變之一，隨后段落從支持和反對(duì)兩個(gè)角度進(jìn)行了論述。主旨題應(yīng)把握文章核心議題，即“零工經(jīng)濟(jì)”及其影響，A選項(xiàng)“theriseofthegigeconomyanditsimpactonthelabormarket”最符合文章主旨。2.B解析：根據(jù)第二段“proponentsarguethatthismodeloffersgreaterflexibilityforbothworkersandbusinesses,allowingforamoredynamicandadaptableworkforce”，支持者認(rèn)為這種模式為工人和企業(yè)提供了更大的靈活性，使勞動(dòng)力更具動(dòng)態(tài)性和適應(yīng)性，B選項(xiàng)“greaterflexibilityandadaptability”符合此意。3.C解析：第三段集中論述了批評(píng)者的觀點(diǎn)，指出“l(fā)ackofjobsecurity,benefits,andlong-termcareerprospects”，“precariousnesscanleadtofinancialinsecurityandanxiety”，“absenceofaclearcareerprogressionpath”，即缺乏工作保障、福利和長(zhǎng)期職業(yè)前景，導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)不穩(wěn)定和焦慮，且缺乏明確的職業(yè)發(fā)展路徑，C選項(xiàng)“l(fā)ackofjobsecurity,benefits,long-termcareerprospects,andfinancialinsecurity”概括了這些擔(dān)憂。4.D解析：根據(jù)第二段“businesses,thegigeconomyoffersacost-effectivesolution,enablingthemtoaccessawidepooloftalentwithouttheburdensoffull-timeemployment,suchashealthinsuranceandretirementplans.Thiscanleadtoincreasedinnovationandefficiency,ascompaniescanquicklyscaletheiroperationsupordownbasedondemand”，企業(yè)可以通過零工經(jīng)濟(jì)以成本效益的方式獲取大量人才，無需承擔(dān)全職員工的負(fù)擔(dān)，如健康保險(xiǎn)和退休計(jì)劃，從而提高創(chuàng)新和效率，D選項(xiàng)“accesstoawidepooloftalentatalowercost,increasedinnovationandefficiency”符合此意。5.B解析：第四段主要討論了政府在零工經(jīng)濟(jì)中的角色，特別是如何對(duì)零工工作者進(jìn)行分類的問題，即“whetherasindependentcontractorsoremployees”，并指出不同的分類有不同的法律含義，B選項(xiàng)“howtoclassifygigworkersascontractorsoremployees”準(zhǔn)確概括了這一挑戰(zhàn)。PassageTwo6.A解析：文章首段提出AI對(duì)就業(yè)市場(chǎng)的影響是當(dāng)前全球辯論的焦點(diǎn)，隨后從創(chuàng)造和破壞工作、改變工作性質(zhì)、加劇不平等以及倫理問題等方面進(jìn)行了論述，A選項(xiàng)“thepotentialimpactofAIonthejobmarket”最符合文章主旨。7.C解析：根據(jù)第二段“Tasksthatarerepetitive,predictable,andrule-basedareparticularlysusceptibletoautomation,whichcouldleadtothedisplacementofworkersinindustriessuchasmanufacturing,dataentry,andcustomerservice”，重復(fù)性、可預(yù)測(cè)性和基于規(guī)則的任務(wù)特別容易受到自動(dòng)化影響，可能導(dǎo)致制造業(yè)、數(shù)據(jù)錄入和客戶服務(wù)等行業(yè)的工作者失業(yè)，C選項(xiàng)“jobsinvolvingrepetitive,predictable,andrule-basedtasks,suchasmanufacturinganddataentry”符合此意。8.D解析：根據(jù)第三段“AIsimpactonthejobmarketisnotjustaboutthecreationanddestructionofjobsbutalsoaboutthechangingnatureofworkitself.AsAItakesovermoreroutinetasks,thedemandforhumanskillssuchascreativity,emotionalintelligence,andcomplexproblem-solvingislikelytoincrease”，AI的影響不僅僅是創(chuàng)造和破壞工作，也在于工作本身的改變，隨著AI接管更多常規(guī)任務(wù)，對(duì)創(chuàng)造力、情商和復(fù)雜問題解決等人類技能的需求可能會(huì)增加，D選項(xiàng)“anincreaseddemandforhumanskillssuchascreativityandcomplexproblem-solving”符合此意。9.D解析：根據(jù)第四段“AnotherconcernisthepotentialforAItoexacerbateexistinginequalities.IfAIprimarilybenefitsthosewhohavetheresourcestoinvestinit,suchaslargecorporationsanddevelopedcountries,itcouldwidenthegapbetweentherichandthepoor,aswellasbetweendifferentnations.Additionally,thereareethicalconcernsabouttheuseofAI,particularlyregardingissuesofprivacy,bias,andtransparency”，文中提到了AI可能加劇現(xiàn)有不平等，例如隱私、偏見和透明度問題，D選項(xiàng)“privacy,bias,andtransparency”概括了這些倫理問題。10.A解析：根據(jù)最后一段“Policymakerswillneedtoworkcloselywithbusinesses,educationalinstitutions,andworkerstodevelopstrategiesthatpromotetheresponsibledevelopmentanduseofAI,whilealsopreparingtheworkforceforthejobsofthefuture.Thismayinvolveinvestingineducationandtrainingprograms,creatingnewpoliciestosupportdisplacedworkers,andfosteringacultureofinnovationandadaptability”，文中建議政策制定者與各方合作，制定策略促進(jìn)AI的負(fù)責(zé)任發(fā)展和使用，并準(zhǔn)備未來的人力資源，A選項(xiàng)“cooperationamongpolicymakers,businesses,educationalinstitutions,andworkerstodevelopstrategiesforeducation,training,andpolicy”概括了這些步驟。PassageThree11.C解析：根據(jù)第一段“Whilesocialmediahasbroughtnumerousbenefits,suchastheabilitytoconnectwithothersacrosstheglobeandaccessawealthofinformation”，社交媒體帶來了許多好處，例如能夠與全球各地的人聯(lián)系，并獲取大量信息，C選項(xiàng)“connectingwithothersgloballyandaccessinginformation”符合此意。12.B解析：根據(jù)第二段“studieshaveshownthatexcessiveuseofsocialmediacanleadtoincreasedfeelingsofloneliness,depression,andanxiety.Thismaybeduetothephenomenonofsocialcomparison,wherepeoplecomparetheirownlivestotheseeminglyperfectlivesofothersaspresentedonsocialmedia”，過度使用社交媒體可能導(dǎo)致孤獨(dú)感、抑郁和焦慮增加，這可能是由于“socialcomparison”現(xiàn)象，B選項(xiàng)“increasedloneliness,depression,andanxietyduetosocialcomparison”符合此意。13.A解析：根據(jù)第三段“Aspeoplespendmoretimeengagingwithsocialmedia,theymayspendlesstimeinteractingwithothersintherealworld.Thiscanleadtoadeclineinsocialskillsandareducedabilitytoformdeep,meaningfulrelationships.Additionally,thesuperficialnatureofmanysocialmediainteractionscanleadtoasenseofdisconnectionfromothers,evenwhensurroundedbyfriendsandfamily”，人們花更多時(shí)間使用社交媒體，可能花更少的時(shí)間與現(xiàn)實(shí)中的人互動(dòng)，這可能導(dǎo)致社交技能下降，難以建立深厚、有意義的關(guān)系，A選項(xiàng)“adeclineinsocialskillsandsuperficialinteractions”符合此意。14.D解析：根據(jù)第四段“Privacyisanothersignificantissueassociatedwithsocialmedia.Thevastamountofpersonalinformationthatpeopleshareonsocialmediaplatformscanbevulnerabletomisuse,whetherbyhackers,companies,orevenfriendsandfamily.Additionally,thelackofcontroloverhowpersonalinformationisusedandsharedcanleadtofeelingsofanxietyanddistrust”，隱私是社交媒體的另一個(gè)重要問題。人們分享在社交媒體平臺(tái)上的大量個(gè)人信息可能被濫用，無論是由黑客、公司還是朋友和家人，D選項(xiàng)“vulnerabilityofpersonalinformationtomisuseandlackofcontroloveritsuse”符合此意。15.C解析：根據(jù)最后一段“Associalmediacontinuestoevolve,findingwaystoprotectprivacywhilestillenjoyingthebenefitsoftheseplatformswillbecrucial”，隨著社交媒體的不斷發(fā)展，在享受這些平臺(tái)好處的同時(shí)保護(hù)隱私將至關(guān)重要，C選項(xiàng)“usingprivacysettingsandbeingmindfuloftheinformationshared”提供了一種保護(hù)隱私的方式。PassageFour16.A解析：文章首段提出“increasingawarenessofenvironmentalissueshasledtoagrowingmovementtowardssustainableliving”，隨后段落從減少浪費(fèi)、節(jié)約能源、使用可再生資源以及集體努力等方面闡述了可持續(xù)生活的方面，A選項(xiàng)“thegrowingmovementtowardssustainablelivingandwaystominimizeenvironmentalimpact”最符合文章主旨。17.B解析：根據(jù)第二段“practicingthe"threeRs"ofwastemanagement:reduce,reuse,andrecycle”，文中明確提到了垃圾管理的“三個(gè)R”：減少、重用和回收，B選項(xiàng)“reduce,reuse,andrecycle”符合此意。18.C解析：根據(jù)第三段“Conservingenergyisanotherkeyaspectofsustainableliving.Thiscanbedonebyusingenergy-efficientappliances,turningofflightsandelectronicswhennotinuse,andusingrenewableenergysourceswheneverpossible”，節(jié)約能源是可持續(xù)生活的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵方面。這可以通過使用節(jié)能電器、在不使用時(shí)關(guān)閉燈光和電子設(shè)備以及盡可能使用可再生能源來實(shí)現(xiàn)，C選項(xiàng)“usingenergy-efficientappliancesandrenewableenergysources”符合此意。19.D解析：根據(jù)第四段“Usingrenewableresourcesisalsoessentialforsustainableliving.Thiscanbedonebychoosingproductsmadefromsustainablematerials,suchasbambooorrecycledmaterials,andbysupportingbusinessesthatpracticesustainableproductionmethods.Additionally,eatingaplant-baseddietcanbemoresustainablethanameat-baseddiet,asitrequiresfewerresourcesandproduceslessgreenhousegasemissions”，使用可再生資源對(duì)可持續(xù)生活也至關(guān)重要。這可以通過選擇由可持續(xù)材料制成的產(chǎn)品，如竹子或回收材料，并支持采用可持續(xù)生產(chǎn)方法的商業(yè)來實(shí)現(xiàn)，D選項(xiàng)“choosingproductsmadefromsustainablematerialsandeatingaplant-baseddiet”符合此意。20.A解析：根據(jù)最后一段“Whileindividualacti