Ⅰ.ReadthepassageonPage25carefullyandtellTrue(T)orFalse(F).1.Theburglartooktheantiqueframeandtheglassaway.________2.Itwasapolicemansideroad.________rryingaparcelunderhisarm,fleedownasideroad.________3.VincenzoPerugiasoldtheMonaLisatoanartdealer.________4.DeValfiernomadeuseofthenewsofthetheftandsoldsixsubstitutesoftheMonaLisacarefully.________5.ThepolicereckonedthetheftoftheMonaLisawasplannedbyonlyoneman.________答案：1～5FFFTFⅡ.MatcheachparagraphwithitsmainideaaccordingtothepassageonPage27.①Para.1A.Printingmadeitpossibletoproducemorecopiesinlesstime.②Para.2B.Printingansweredaneedofpeoplewhowerethirstyforknowledge.③Para.3C.ThespreadofprintinggreatlyinfluencedtheEuropeanCulture.④Para.4D.Printingcouldsatisfythedesireforallkindsofbooks.⑤Para.5E.JohannGutenbergmadethefirstprintingpressinEurope.答案：①～⑤BAEDCⅠ.單詞拼寫1.Whenthewarbrokeout,somepeoplecontinuedtostayintheirhouseswhileothersfled(逃離)toneighbouringcountries.2.Beggarsoftenaskformoneyfrom_passersby(過路人).3.Howcanweseek(尋找)outareallygoodpersonforthejob?4.Ineverblame(責(zé)備，抱怨)failure—therearetoomanyplicatedsituationsinlife.5.Thecourseteachesyouthetheorybutthere'snosubstitute(替代品)forpracticalexperience.6.Thegreat_drawback(缺點)oflivingnearamainroadisnoise.7.Hetoldmesomeanecdotes(軼事)aboutourEnglishteacher.8.Thereisa_fundamental(基本的)differenceinattitudebetweenthesetwopoliticians.9.Theoute(后果)ofthegameisbeyondhisearlyhopes.10.Adoctorwhogivesawayconfidential(機(jī)密的)informationaboutpatientsisnotbehavingprofessionally.Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1._lossn.丟失，喪失→losevt.丟失，迷失→lostadj.丟失的2.inspirev.鼓舞，激勵→inspirationn.鼓舞，激勵；啟發(fā)，靈感3.appealv.懇求；呼吁→appealingadj.動人心弦的4.calculatev.計算→calculatorn.計算器→calculationn.計算；賬目；推定；預(yù)想；預(yù)定5._suspectn.(犯罪)嫌疑人；可疑分子→suspectedadj.被懷疑的→suspiciousadj.多疑的6.officialn.官員；高級職員→officern.軍官，干部7.professionn.職業(yè)→professionaladj.職業(yè)的，專業(yè)的→professorn.教授[巧記單詞]詞根詞形變化構(gòu)詞點撥inspireinspiration動詞去e加-ation構(gòu)成名詞appealappealing動詞加-ing構(gòu)成形容詞professionprofessional名詞加-al構(gòu)成形容詞Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全短語1.dependon依靠，依賴；取決于2.inhistory歷史上3.leave_for出發(fā)去……4.leavesth.behind把……拋在后面5.onbehalfof代表6.gettiredofdoingsth.厭倦/煩做某事7.atliberty獲得自由的8.up_to達(dá)到(某個數(shù)量)9.leadto導(dǎo)致；通向，通往10.takeup從事，開始做(某項工作)1.[教材原句]Itdoesn'tmatterwhetherheisdoingaportraitoralandscape—he'sagenius.不管他畫肖像還是山水畫——他都是個天才。[句型點撥]Itdoesn'tmatter...。[佳句賞析]你明天晚上來不來參加聚會都不要緊。Itdoesn'tmatterwhetheryouetothepartyornottomorrowevening.2.[教材原句]Printingmadeitpossibletoproducemorecopiesinafewweeksthancouldhavebeenproducedinalifetimewrittenoutbyhand.印刷使這一點成為了可能，在數(shù)周內(nèi)印刷出來的書比一個人一輩子手工抄寫的書還要多。[句型點撥]makeit＋adj.＋todosth.。[佳句賞析]現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)使很多人在家里學(xué)習(xí)成為可能。Nowadays,learningonlinemakesitpossibleformanypeopletostudyathome.3.[教材原句]ButastheideasoftheRenaissancedeveloped,sodidthedemandfortheGreekandLatinclassics,whichhadbeenlargelyignoredforupto2,000years.但隨著文藝復(fù)興觀念的發(fā)展，人們對希臘和拉丁經(jīng)典作品的需求也增加了，而這些經(jīng)典作品在很大程度上已經(jīng)被忽視達(dá)2000年了。[句型點撥]so＋助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語。[佳句賞析]湯姆去了南京報道這個事件，瑪麗也去了。TomwenttoNanjingtocovertheevent,sodidMary.eq\a\vs4\al([課文對譯])ThursdayWearrivedontheovernightferrytotheHookofHollandandtookatraintoAmsterdamCentralStation.Itwasonlyashortride.It'snoteasytofindyourwayaroundthetown.Alotoftheroadsfollowthecanals,whicharen'tstraightbutareshapedlikehorseshoes.Soyoucanwalkalongastreetforhalfanhourorsoandendupfiveminutesfromwhereyoustarted.However,mostpeopledon'twalk—therearethreemillionbikesintownandagoodbusandtramsystem.Thereareboats,too.Abouthalfofthemarefortourists,theothersarehouseboatswithpeoplelivingonthem.Wespentthewholedaywalking.Tomorrowwe'regoingtorentbikes.FridayWespenttodaylookingathouses.Thearchitectureisastonishing,quitedifferentfromotherEuropeancountrieswe'vebeento.Thehousesaretallandthin,andmanyofthemhaveafantasticallyornateRenaissanceappearance.IntheMiddleAgesthehousesweremadeofwood.Then,attheendofthe15thcenturytherewasahugefireandaboutthreequartersofthetownwasdestroyed.Afterthat,housesweremadeofbrick.UnlikeotherplacesinEurope,wherehouseownersweretaxedonthesizeoftheirwindows,herethetaxesdependedonthewidthofthehouse—sotheykeptthemnarrow,butbuiltthemtall.Well,that'swhatClairesays,andshereaditintheguidebook.SaturdayWevisitedtheVanGoghMuseum,insteadofthemorefamousRijksmuseum.Itwasastonishing.Ihadn'treallylookedatanyofVanGogh'spaintingsbefore.Heseemstohavere-inventedtheart.Itdoesn'tmatterwhetherheisdoingaportraitoralandscape—he'sagenius.Inthelast70daysofhislifebeforeheshothimselfheproduced70paintings,andIreckonthey'realmostallmasterpieces.YetinallhislifeVanGoghonlyeversoldonepainting！Wemusthavespentthreehoursinthatmuseum.WhenwecameoutItoldClaireIthoughtVanGoghwasthegreatestpainterinhistory.SheremindedmethatwewereleavingforParistomorrow,whereweweregoingtoseethemostfamouspaintingintheworld...星期四我們乘坐了一夜的渡輪到了荷蘭角，然后乘火車去了阿姆斯特丹的中心車站。這只是一段很短的路程，但是在集鎮(zhèn)里找路卻不容易。很多道路依河而建，它們不是直的而是像馬蹄鐵一樣。那么你可能沿街走了半個小時左右，結(jié)果離你出發(fā)的地方實際僅有五分鐘的路程。然而，大部分人不走路——鎮(zhèn)上有300萬輛自行車及很好的公交和電車系統(tǒng)，也有船，大約一半是為游客準(zhǔn)備的，其他的是有人居住的游艇。我們走了一整天。明天我們要去租自行車。星期五今天我們看了一整天房子。這里的建筑令人驚訝，與我們?nèi)ミ^的歐洲其他國家很不同。房子又高又窄，很多有著極華麗的文藝復(fù)興的面貌。在中世紀(jì)房子是由木頭制造的，然而，在15世紀(jì)末，一場大火毀掉了約四分之三的城鎮(zhèn)。那之后，房子就用磚建造了。在歐洲其他地方，房屋主人要根據(jù)窗戶的尺寸納稅，在此卻不同，這里的稅金是根據(jù)房屋的寬度而定——因此他們就把房屋蓋得很窄但卻很高。哦，這是克萊爾說的，她在旅行指南里看到的。星期六我們參觀了梵·高博物館，而沒有去更著名的國立博物館。這里很令人驚訝。我以前從來沒有真正看過梵·高的任何畫作。他似乎對藝術(shù)進(jìn)行了再創(chuàng)造。不管他畫肖像還是山水畫——他都是個天才。在他自殺前的最后70天里，他畫了70幅畫，我認(rèn)為它們幾乎都是杰作。然而在他有生之年，梵·高僅僅賣出了一幅作品！我們在博物館里肯定度過了3個小時，當(dāng)我們出來時我告訴克萊爾我認(rèn)為梵·高是歷史上最偉大的畫家。她提醒我說我們明天要去巴黎，在那我們將看到世界上最著名的畫作……ThePuzzleoftheMonaLisaTheMonaLisaisthesubjectofmanystories,butthereisoneanecdotewhichremainsapuzzle.IsthepaintingintheLouvretheauthenticworkbyLeonardodaVinci...orjustacopy?Thestorybeganonedayin1911whensomeonenoticedtheMonaLisawasmissing.Aspokesmansaid,“Theburglarlefttheantiqueframeandtheglassbehind.Hemusthavegonethroughthebasementtothemaincourtyard.Apasserbysawamanwithamoustache,carryingaparcelunderhisarm,dashoverthestreetcrossing,alongtothecrossroads.Hethenfleddownasideroad.We'reappealingtoanyonewhosawthesuspecttocontactus.”SowhostoletheMonaLisa？Andwhy？NewsaboutthelossoftheMonaLisawascirculatedinalltheFrenchnewspapers,andtherewasawidespreadsearchfortheburglaralloverthecountry.Thepolicesaid,“Wedon'tthinktheburglarwasworkingalone.We'reseekingagangofcriminals.”Twoyearslater,amanwithamoustachewenttoanartdealerinFlorenceinItalyandmadeatentativeattempttoselltheMonaLisa.Theartdealercheckedit,agreeditwasauthentic...andthencalledthepolice.Whydidtheburglar,VincenzoPerugia,waitsolong？PerugiahadstolentheMonaLisaonbehalfofthechieforganiserofthecrime,EduardodeValfierno.ButPerugiamadeafundamentalmistake.HetrusteddeValfiernotopayhimforthepainting.ThedrawbackforPerugiawasthatdeValfiernodidn'tinfactneedthepainting,onlythenewsofthetheft.DeValfiernomadesixsuperbcopiesandsoldthem,claimingthateachonewastheauthenticstolenpainting.Ofcourse,thefactthatthereweresixsubstituteswasconfidential.Thesixbuyersdidn'tknowabouttheotherpaintings.What'smore,deValfiernodidn'tneedtopayhisdebttoPerugia.Aftertwoyears,Perugiagottiredofwaitingtobepaid,andtriedtosellthepainting.WhentherealMonaLisaturnedupinFlorence,deValfiernosimplytoldhisbuyersthatitwasmerelyacopy.TheouteofthestoryisthatPerugiagottheblameforthecrimeandwenttoprison.DeValfiernoremainedatlibertyfortherestofhislife.Butthereisstillapuzzle.TherewereanumberofprecisecopiesoftheMonaLisapaintedbygiftedstudentsofLeonardodaVinci.Partofthepainting'sfascinationiswhethertheoneintheLouvrewasauthentic...evenbeforeitwasstolen.AndifPerugiastoleacopy...whohastheauthenticMonaLisa？《蒙娜·麗莎》之謎《蒙娜·麗莎》是許多故事的主題，但是有一個傳聞仍然是個謎。盧浮宮的畫是萊奧納多·達(dá)·芬奇的真跡……還是只是一份贗品？故事始于1911年的一天，有人注意到《蒙娜·麗莎》丟了。一個發(fā)言人說：“竊賊把古董架和玻璃留下了。他一定是穿過地下室到達(dá)主院的。一個過路人看見一個留著胡須的男人，手臂下夾著一個包裹。穿過街道拐角，沿著十字路口走去。然后他從旁路逃離了。我們呼吁看到嫌疑人的人聯(lián)系我們。”那么誰偷了《蒙娜·麗莎》？為什么？關(guān)于《蒙娜·麗莎》失竊的消息充斥著法國的各種報紙，全國都在大范圍地尋找盜賊。警察說：“我們認(rèn)為盜賊不是單獨行動的，我們正在尋找一個犯罪團(tuán)伙。”兩年后，一個留著胡須的人來到意大利佛羅倫薩的一個藝術(shù)品經(jīng)銷商那里，嘗試出售《蒙娜·麗莎》。這個藝術(shù)品經(jīng)銷商驗證了一下，認(rèn)為它是真跡……然后給警察打了電話。為什么盜賊溫森佐·佩魯賈等了那么久？佩魯賈在這次犯罪的主謀——愛德華多·德·瓦爾菲勒諾的指使下偷了《蒙娜·麗莎》。但是佩魯賈犯了一個基本的錯誤。他相信德·瓦爾菲勒諾會付給他這幅畫的錢。佩魯賈得到的回應(yīng)是德·瓦爾菲勒諾事實上不需要這幅畫，他只需要畫失竊的新聞。德·瓦爾菲勒諾做了6幅很好的贗品賣掉了，聲稱每一幅畫都是被偷了的真跡。當(dāng)然，有六幅贗品的事情是機(jī)密的。那六個買家并不知道還有其他的畫。此外，德·瓦爾菲勒諾并不需要向佩魯賈付款。兩年之后，佩魯賈厭倦了無盡的等待，于是想著賣掉畫。當(dāng)《蒙娜·麗莎》的真跡出現(xiàn)在佛羅倫薩的時候，德·瓦爾菲勒諾只是簡單地告訴他的買家那只是個贗品。故事的結(jié)局是佩魯賈因這起犯罪承擔(dān)了責(zé)任并進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。德·瓦爾菲勒諾則余生仍然逍遙法外。但是仍有一個謎?！睹赡取惿酚写罅康挠扇R奧納多·達(dá)·芬奇的有天分的學(xué)生制作的精良的贗品。這幅畫的魅力之處在于盧浮宮的那一幅畫是不是原作……即使在它被偷之前。如果佩魯賈偷了一幅贗品……那《蒙娜·麗莎》的真跡在誰手里呢？PrintingPrintingistheprocessofmakingmanycopiesofasingledocumentusingmovablecharactersorletters.InChina,printingwasknownasearlyasinthe7thcentury,duringtheTangDynasty；inEurope,itwasanimportantpartoftheRenaissance.Printingansweredaneedbecausepeoplewerethirstyforknowledge.Beforeprintingwasinvented,copiesofamanuscripthadtobemadebyhand,usuallyonanimalskins.Thiswasadifficulttaskthatcouldtakemanyyears,andwhichmadebooksveryexpensive.Printingmadeitpossibletoproducemorecopiesinafewweeksthancouldhavebeenproducedinalifetimewrittenoutbyhand.ItisbelievedthataGerman,JohannGutenberg,madethefirstprintingpressinEurope.Headapteditfromthemachinesfarmersusedtosqueezeoilfromolives.Itusedpaper,whichwasmoresuitableforprinting(andcheaper)thananimalskins.Paper,likeprinting,hadbeeninventedmuchearlierinChinaandithadfounditswaytoEurope,viasoutheastAsiaandthenIndia.Bythe10thcenturyAD,paperwasbeingproducedinBaghdad.ThefirstpapermillinEuropewasbuiltattheendofthe12thcentury.ThefirstbookthatGutenbergproducedwasaBible.ButastheideasoftheRenaissancedeveloped,sodidthedemandfortheGreekandLatinclassics,whichhadbeenlargelyignoredforupto2,000years.Peoplealsowantedbooksintheirownlanguages.Theinventionofprintingmeantthatthisdesirecouldbesatisfied.SoontherewereprintingpressesallovernorthernEurope.In1476WilliamCaxtonsetuphisownpressinLondon,andEnglandbecameoneofthemostimportantcentresoftheprintingindustry.Thisspreadofprintedbooksledtoarenewedpassionforartisticexpression.Withoutthedevelopmentoftheprintingpress,theRenaissancemayneverhavehappened.Withoutinexpensiveprintingtomakebooksavailabletoalargesectionofsociety,thesonofJohnShakespeare,agovernmentofficialinruralEnglandinthemid-1500s,mayneverhavebeeninspiredtotakeupwritingasaprofession.WhatwesterncivilisationgainedfromGutenberg'scontributionisimpossibletocalculate.印刷術(shù)印刷是使用活字符或字母用一個文本制作很多副本的過程。在中國，印刷術(shù)早在7世紀(jì)的唐朝就已經(jīng)為人所知了；在歐洲，它是文藝復(fù)興的重要部分。印刷滿足了人們對知識的渴求。在印刷術(shù)被發(fā)明之前，手稿的副本還得用手工抄寫，通常是寫在動物的皮上。這是一項很困難的任務(wù)，可能要花好幾年的時間，這使書變得非常貴。印刷使這一點成為了可能：在數(shù)周之內(nèi)印刷的書比一個人一輩子手工抄寫的書還要多。人們相信德國人約翰·古登堡制作了歐洲第一臺印刷機(jī)。他用農(nóng)民用來榨橄欖油的機(jī)器改裝的。他使用比動物的皮更適合印刷(而且更便宜)的紙張來印刷。和印刷術(shù)一樣，紙在中國發(fā)明得比較早，它經(jīng)由東南亞再到印度，然后傳到了歐洲。到了公元10世紀(jì)，巴格達(dá)已經(jīng)開始造紙了。歐洲第一家造紙廠建立于12世紀(jì)末。古登堡印制的第一本書是《圣經(jīng)》。但隨著文藝復(fù)興觀念的發(fā)展，人們對希臘和拉丁經(jīng)典作品的需求也增加了，而這些經(jīng)典在很大程度上已被忽視達(dá)兩千年了。人們也想要用他們自己的語言編寫的書籍。印刷的發(fā)明意味著這個需求可以被滿足了。不久印刷廠遍及了整個歐洲的北部。在1476年威廉·卡克斯頓在倫敦建立了自己的印刷廠，英格蘭成了印刷業(yè)最重要的中心之一。印刷書籍的傳播，重新喚起人們對藝術(shù)表達(dá)的激情。假如沒有印刷術(shù)的發(fā)展，也許根本不會出現(xiàn)文藝復(fù)興。假如沒有低廉的印刷技術(shù)使得廣大社會階級有書可讀，16世紀(jì)中期英格蘭鄉(xiāng)村的政府官員——約翰·莎士比亞的兒子也許根本不可能受到鼓舞而將寫作作為職業(yè)。古登堡對西方文明的貢獻(xiàn)無法估量。1....herethetaxesdependedonthewidthofthehouse—sotheykeptthemnarrow,butbuiltthemtall.(P22)……這里的稅金是根據(jù)房屋的寬度而定——因此他們就把房屋蓋得很窄但卻很高?！飀ependon依賴；依靠；取決于(情況，條件)①Manyyoungpeoplestilldependontheirparentstopayfortheirhouse.許多年輕人仍然依靠父母來支付房子的費用。dependon＋wh-從句取決于dependonitthat...相信/指望……Thatalldepends./Itdepends.視情況而定。②Heknewhecoulddepend_on_her_to_dealwiththesituation.他知道他可以依靠她來處理這種局面。③Youmaydepend_on_it_thathewillhelpyou.你可以指望他來幫助你。2.Aspokesmansaid，“Theburglarlefttheantiqueframeandtheglassbehind(P25)一位發(fā)言人說，“竊賊把古董架和玻璃留下了?！薄飈eavesth.behind把……拋在后面①IthinkImighthaveleftmywalletbehind.我認(rèn)為可能把皮夾子落下了。leavefor動身去leaveout省去，刪去leave...alone不管；別惹；讓……一個人待著leaveoff停止leavesth.aside不予考慮某事，把某事擱置一邊②Youhave_left_out_azerointhisphonenumber.你在這個電話號碼中漏掉了一個零。③I'mleaving_forLondontomorrow.明天我要動身去倫敦。3.We'reappealingtoanyonewhosawthesuspecttocontactus.(P25)我們呼吁無論是誰看到了嫌疑犯，請與我們聯(lián)系?！颽ppealv.&n.呼吁；懇求；訴諸，求助；有吸引力①Thesesubjectsseemtohavelosttheirappealtothestudents.這些科目似乎已失去了對學(xué)生的吸引力。appealtosb.todosth.呼吁/請求某人做某事appealtosb.forsth.呼吁/請求某人某事appealforsth.呼吁某事；請求給予某物appealtosb.吸引某人makeanappealto/for向……呼吁(請求)②Theyappealed_to_us_for_support,buttheirplandidn't_appeal_tous.他們懇求我們的支持，但他們的計劃對我們沒有吸引力。③Thegovernmentisappealing_to_the_public_to_savewater.政府正在呼吁公眾節(jié)約用水?！飐uspectn.(犯罪)嫌疑人；可疑分子v.懷疑；猜想④Thepolicearequestioningthesuspect.警察正在審問那個嫌疑犯。suspectsb.of(doing)sth.懷疑某人(做)某事suspectsb./sth.tobe...懷疑某人/某物是……suspectsth./that-clause懷疑……⑤Hewas_suspected_ofgivingawaythesecrets.他被懷疑泄露了秘密。⑥Whatshesaidsoundedconvincing,butIsuspect_it_to_bealie.她的話聽起來有說服力，但我懷疑那是謊話。4.We'reseekingagangofcriminals.(P25)我們正在尋找一伙罪犯。★seek(sought,sought)v.尋找；尋求①Driversareadvisedtoseekalternativeroutes.建議司機(jī)另尋其他路線。seekone'sadvice/help/assistance征求某人的建議/幫助/協(xié)助seekafter企圖獲得；追求seekfor尋求；尋找seektodosth.試圖/設(shè)法做某事②Mostmenseek_after_wealth;allmenseek_forhappiness.大多數(shù)人都追求財富，所有人都希望獲得幸福。③ThisiswhatIseek_to_discoverinthismovie.這就是我要在這部電影里尋求揭示的東西。5.TheouteofthestoryisthatPerugiagottheblameforthecrimeandwenttoprison.(P25)故事的結(jié)局是佩魯賈為這起犯罪背了黑鍋并進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄?！颾lamen.(對錯事或壞事應(yīng)付的)責(zé)任v.責(zé)怪，責(zé)備①Abadworkmanblameshistools.[諺語]拙匠埋怨工具差。(1)gettheblameforsth.因為某事受到指責(zé)accept/bear/taketheblameforsth.對某事負(fù)責(zé)；為某事承擔(dān)責(zé)任(2)blamesb.for因……而指責(zé)某人；把……歸咎于某人blamesth.onsb.把某事歸咎于某人betoblame(for)應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任；該受責(zé)備②Thepanyisreadytotake_the_blame_forwhathashappened.公司正準(zhǔn)備好為所發(fā)生的事情承擔(dān)責(zé)任。③Don'tblameJackanymore.Hehasbeen_blamedenoughforthefailure.What'smore,itishispartnerwho_is_to_blame,_asheblamed_the_failure_onJack.別再指責(zé)杰克了。他已經(jīng)因為他的失誤受到足夠的指責(zé)了。另外，該受到指責(zé)的是他的伙伴，因為他把責(zé)任都推到杰克身上了。[名師點津]當(dāng)表示“某人受到指責(zé)”時，通常用sb.beblamedforsth.；但是在表示“某人應(yīng)該受到指責(zé)”時，則用sb.betoblame。6.ButastheideasoftheRenaissancedeveloped,sodidthedemandfortheGreekandLatinclassics,whichhadbeenlargelyignoredforupto2,000years.(P27)但隨著文藝復(fù)興觀念的發(fā)展，人們對希臘和拉丁經(jīng)典作品的需求也增加了，而這些經(jīng)典大部分已經(jīng)被忽視達(dá)2000年了?！飖pto到(某個數(shù)量)，多達(dá)；不遲于，直到；有某種能力的，能勝任的；正在做/忙于……；取決于寫出下列句中upto的含義①It'suptoyouwhetherwegooutfordinneroreatathome.取決于②Uptonow,he'sbeenquiet._直到③Thechildrenarequiet.Whataretheyupto？忙于④Uptotenpeoplecansleepinthistent.多達(dá)⑤He'snotuptothepartofOthello.能勝任的7.Thisspreadofprintedbooksledtoarenewedpassionforartisticexpression.(P27)印刷圖書的傳播重新喚起了人們對于藝術(shù)表達(dá)的熱情?！飈eadto導(dǎo)致；通向，通往①Theroadleadingtothevillagewasblocked.通向那個村莊的道路被阻擋住了。leadsb.todosth.導(dǎo)致某人做……；引導(dǎo)某人做……leadtheway帶路leadsb.bythenose牽著某人的鼻子走leada...life過著……的生活taketheleadin...在……中領(lǐng)先②Doyouknowwhat_led_him_to_dosuchasillything?你知道是什么致使他做這件傻事的嗎？③Nowpeopleareleading_a_happy_new_life.現(xiàn)在人們過著幸福的新生活。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]除leadto外，表示“導(dǎo)致，引起，造成”的詞和短語還有：cause,_result_in,_contribute_to,_bring_about等。8.Withoutinexpensiveprintingtomakebooksavailabletoalargesectionofsociety,thesonofJohnShakespeare,agovernmentofficialinruralEnglandinthemid-1500s,mayneverhavebeeninspiredtotakeupwritingasaprofession.(P27)假如沒有低廉的印刷技術(shù)使得廣大社會階層有書可讀，16世紀(jì)中期英格蘭鄉(xiāng)村的政府官員——約翰·莎士比亞的兒子也許根本不可能受到鼓舞而將寫作作為職業(yè)?！飅nspirev.鼓舞，激勵①However,someactorscanastonishuswiththedeepfeelingstheycaninspireinusforacharactertheyareplaying.然而，有些演員能用他們所演的角色在我們身上激發(fā)起來的深厚情感震撼我們。inspiresb.todosth.激勵/鼓舞某人做某事inspiresb.withsth./inspiresth.insb.某事鼓舞/激勵了某人②Byvisitingschools,theactorshopetoinspirechildrento_study(study)hard.演員們通過訪問學(xué)校來鼓舞孩子們努力學(xué)習(xí)。③Theactorsinspired_the_kids_withtheirenthusiasm.演員們以他們的熱情鼓舞了孩子們?！飔akeup從事；接受；繼續(xù)；占用，占據(jù)，站好位置以備……；拿起寫出下列句中takeup的含義④Hehasnochoicebuttotakeupcleaningashisjob.從事⑤Thepianotakesuptoomuchroom.占據(jù)⑥Shetookupthereceiverandbegantodialthenumber.拿起_⑦Shefellsilent,andherbrothertookupthestory.繼續(xù)⑧Heisgoingtotakeupthechallenge.接受takeback取回，收回takein吸收；理解；欺騙takeon雇用；呈現(xiàn)takeaway解除；帶走takeover接管；掌管takedown拿下；記下；拆除takeoff起飛；脫掉；請假⑨Theinsectcantakeonthecolorofitssurroundings.這種昆蟲能隨環(huán)境而變色。⑩Don'tbetaken_inbyproductsclaimingtohelpyouloseweightinaweek.不要被那些聲稱能在一周內(nèi)幫你減肥的產(chǎn)品給騙了。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Theaccuratelosscausedbythetyphoonhasn'tbeen_calculated(calculate)yet,butit'sbelievedtobebeyondthreehundredmillionyuan.2.Thepoliceonlyarrestedoneofthesuspects(suspect),andtheothertwoescapedtootherplaces.3.Iwantgirlsto_be_inspired(inspire)bythosestoriesandsticktotheirdreams.4.Asweknow,doingexercisecanhelptogettheblood_circulating(circulate)throughthemuscles.5.Prolongedexposuretoloudmusicandnoisecanincreasetheriskofhearingloss(lose).6.ThoughSusanwasnotagifted(gift)athlete,herhardtrainingmadeherwinagoldmedalintheOlympicGames.7.Assoonasmydaughtersawthedollwithmovable(move)legsintheshop,shebecameexcitedandaskedmetobuyoneforher.8.Nowadays,manyyoungpeoplearethirsty_forbeingrich,buttheydon'twanttoworkhard.9.Theshoesarepletelymade_byhand,sotheyareratherexpensive.10.Jackgottired_of_citylife,sohemovedtothecountryside.11.Thereisnoflatroadleading(lead)tosuccess,soyoushouldworkhard.12.Thelocalgovernmentisappealingtothecitizensto_take(take)actiontodealwiththespreadofthedisease.13.Manychildrenare_left(leave)behindinthecountrysidewhentheirparentsfloodintothecitiesforjobs.14.Hesaidnothing,merely(mere)smiledandwatchedher.15.Themotherwholosthersoninsistedthatthecarelessdriverwasto_blame(blame)forthetrafficaccidenthappeningyesterday.Ⅱ.完成句子1.教學(xué)質(zhì)量取決于班級的大小嗎？Doesthequalityofteaching_depends_onclasssize?2.警方呼吁知情者舉報。Thepolicehave_appealed_toanyonewithinformationtoeforwardandtalktothem.3.她知道童年已經(jīng)一去不復(fù)返了。Sheknewthatshehad_left_childhood_behind.4.政府將不得不對沖突負(fù)責(zé)任。Thegovernmentwillhaveto_take_the_blame_fortheconflict.5.他最終對整日坐辦公室感到厭煩了。Hefinally_got_tired_ofsittinginanofficeallday.Ⅲ.一句多譯1.奈特先生不能來，因此由他的夫人代他領(lǐng)獎。①Mr.Knightcannotbehere,sohiswifewillaccepttheprize_on_his_behalf.②Mr.Knightcannotbehere,sohiswifewillaccepttheprizeon_behalf_of_him.2.這個小女孩有唱歌跳舞的天賦。①Thelittlegirlis_gifted_atsinginganddancing.②Thelittlegirlhas_a_gift_forsinginganddancing.3.他因電腦系統(tǒng)出了故障而受責(zé)備。①Hewas_to_blameforthebreakdownoftheputer'ssystem.(betoblame)②Hegot_the_blame_forthebreakdownoftheputer'ssystem.(blamen.)③Hewas_blamed_forthebreakdownoftheputer'ssystem.(blamev.)[對應(yīng)學(xué)生課下能力提升(七)]Ⅰ.根據(jù)提示寫出單詞的正確形式1.Theenemysoldierfled(逃跑)withthetailbetweenitslegs.2.Youshould_seek(尋求)someadvicefromyourteacherontheproblem.3.Ihavenoreasontosuspect(懷疑)herhonesty.4.Waterisnotaproper_substitute(替代品)forwine.5.Therearealsotoolsforsqueezing(擠出)lemonsandorangesandforopeningcans.6.Heacceptedthisjobmerely(mere)forthehighsalary.7.Generallyspeaking,agifted(gift)childhasspecialabilitiesinaparticulararea.8.Whenaskedwhereherinspirationofthenovelcamefrom,shesaidherfather'sinspiringwordsinspiredhertowriteit.(inspire)9.Theideaofaholidayabroadissurelyappealing(appeal).10.Aquickcalculation(calculate)revealedthatwewouldmakenoprofit.Ⅱ.選詞填空dependon，inhistory，leavefor，leave...behind，appealto，onbehalfof，atliberty，upto，leadto，takeup1.LiBai,wholivedintheTangDynasty,isconsideredoneofthegreatestpoets_in_history.2.Ourmanagerdidn'tattendtheconferenceyesterday,leading_totheguessthathewasinbadcondition.3.Whethertheweddingwillbeheldoutdoorsdepends_ontheweather.4.Heisleaving_forHongKongtomorrow.Let'sseehimoffattheairport.5.Theadvertisementaimstoappeal_tothepublictosavewaterandprotectourenvironment.6.Theautomaticbuscanhold_up_totwentypeopleatime.7.On_behalf_ofmymother,I'mwritingtoexpressherthankstoyouforyourgeneroushelp.8.Nochildrenshouldbeleft_behindandeverychildhastheequalopportunitytogetaneducation.9.Youareat_libertytoexpressyouropinionsabouttheincidentandnoonewillblameyou.10.Iwon'ttake_upanyofyourtime.Ⅲ.完成句子1.該受責(zé)備的不是他就是我。EitherheorIam_to_blame.2.當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校在尋找辦法降低輟學(xué)率。Localschoolsareseeking_to_reducethedropoutrate.3.她懇請前夫把孩子還給她。Sheappealed_to_her_former_husband_to_returntheirchildtoher.4.這三個男子被懷疑參與了這起爆炸事件。Thethreemenwas_suspected_ofinvolvementinthebombing.5.我的英語很好，我妹妹的英語也很好。I'mgoodatEnglish,and_so_is_my_sister.Ⅳ.完形填空TheMonaLisaisthemostfamousworkofLeonardodaVinci.Theportraitfullofmysteryandsecretsis__1__ona77×53cm-largepolarwood.Leonardo__2__toworkatthispaintingin1503.ItissaidthatoneofthenoblestcitizensofFlorence__3__thepaintingfromLeonardo.__4__LeonardoleftFlorencein1507,hedidnotsellittothenobleman.__5__，hekeptitforhimself.SeveralbelievethatLeonardodidnot__6__thepaintingbecausehedidnotfinishthework,__7__othersbelievethatLeonardolovedthepaintingtoomuch.LeonardodaVinci__8__withthepaintinginFrancein1516.HesoldthepaintingtotheKingofFrance,who__9__itforthecastleinAmboise.AftertheFrenchRevolutionthepaintinggotanew__10__intheLouvre.However,Napoleontookitawayfromthereand__11__itupinhisbedroom.WhenNapoleonwasbanished(流放),theMonaLisa__12__intothegreatLouvreagain.__13__August21,1911theMonaLisawasstolen.Inthis__14__thetwocolumns,oneontheleftandtheotherontherightside,hadbeencut.Sotodaythepaintingis__15__thanthe__16__one.It'salsothereasonwhyitisnoteasytorecognisethatMonaLisaissittingonaterrace(露臺).Twoyearslater,itturned__17__inFlorence.AftersomeexhibitionstheMonaLisareturnedagaintoParis.Anacid(酸)attempt__18__thelowerhalfofthepaintingin1956.Therestorationtookseveralyears.Inthe1960'sand1970'stheMonaLisawas__19__inNewYork,TokyoandMoscow.Todaythepaintingis__20__bullet-proof(防彈的)glassintheLouvreinParis.語篇解讀：本文講述的是關(guān)于達(dá)·芬奇最著名的作品《蒙娜·麗莎》曲折的歷史。現(xiàn)在它被放在巴黎盧浮宮里。1.A.paintedB.madeC.carvedD.sculptured解析：選A本文講述的是名畫《蒙娜·麗莎》的歷史。第一段告訴我們這幅畫是畫在什么材料上的，所以選擇painted。2.A.managedB.triedC.startedD.intended解析：選C第二段講述這幅畫的起源，所以是從達(dá)·芬奇開始創(chuàng)作該作品講起。3.A.boughtB.orderedC.sawD.stole解析：選B從本段可以看出達(dá)·芬奇畫這幅畫的原因是有人向他訂購了一幅畫，所以選擇ordered。4.A.WhileB.DuringC.WhenD.Since解析：選C從下文可知，在達(dá)·芬奇離開佛羅倫薩的時候并沒有把這幅畫交給訂購的人。表示“在……的時候”，只能選擇when。5.A.ThenB.ButC.InsteadD.Finally解析：選C達(dá)·芬奇沒有把這幅畫交給訂購的人，而是自己保存了起來，所以用instead。6.A.handoutB.handupC.handoverD.handdown解析：選C從本段看出人們推測達(dá)·芬奇當(dāng)時沒有把畫交給訂購者的原因有兩種可能。handover意為“把……交給”。7.A.andB.soC.thoughD.but解析：選D從上文看出，有人認(rèn)為達(dá)·芬奇沒有交畫的原因是由于沒完成，而另外一些人認(rèn)為是達(dá)·芬奇太愛這幅畫了。這兩句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以選擇but。8.A.reachedB.arrivedC.dealtD.did解析：選B下文說達(dá)·芬奇把畫賣給了法國國王，所以此處是說他帶著畫到達(dá)了法國。9.A.boughtB.gotC.tookD.robbed解析：選A上文說達(dá)·芬奇把畫賣給了法國國王，所以國王應(yīng)該是買了這幅畫。10.A.siteB.homeC.cupboardD.desk解析：選B本句說明的是這幅畫接下來的歸屬是到了盧浮宮，也就是在盧浮宮找到了一個新家。11.A.putB.heldC.hungD.picked解析：選C后來拿破侖拿走了這幅畫，把它掛在了自己的臥室里。12.A.wentB.cameC.leftD.returned解析：選D拿破侖被流放后，這幅畫又回到了盧浮宮。13.A.OnB.InC.AsD.At解析：選A表示具體在哪一天，要用介詞on。14.A.thingB.affairC.matterD.business解析：選C上文說這幅畫被偷了，所以是一件麻煩事，用matter表示。15.A.biggerB.smallerC.longerD.shorter解析：選B上文說“...thetwocolumns...hadbeencut”，所以這幅畫是變小了。16.A.originalB.olderC.previousD.latter解析：選A這幅畫變小應(yīng)該是與原來相比，所以用original表示“原來的”，也就是改變前的。17.A.outB.inC.overD.up解析：選D兩年后這幅畫又出現(xiàn)在佛羅倫薩。18.A.ruinedB.killedC.injuredD.damaged解析：選D這幅畫又被硫酸破壞。damage意為“部分損壞”；ruin意為“完全毀壞，不可修復(fù)”。19.A.exhibitedB.brokenC.seenD.noticed解析：選A從本段看出這幅畫在20世紀(jì)60和70年代在各地展出，所以選擇exhibited。20.A.afterB.beforeC.beyondD.behind解析：選D為了保護(hù)這幅畫，人們把它放在防彈玻璃后面。Ⅴ.閱讀理解AWhenFridaKahlo'spaintingswereonshowinLondon,apoetdescribedherpaintingsas“aribbon(絲帶)aroundabomb”.SuchmentsseemtosuggestKahlohadabiginfluenceontheartworldofhertime.Sadly,sheisactuallya_much_bigger_nametodaythanshewasduringhertime.Bornin1907inavillagenearMexicoCity,Kahlosufferedfrompolio(小兒麻痹癥)attheageofseven.Herspine(脊柱)becamebentasshegrewolder.Then,in1925,herbackwasbrokeninseveralplacesinaschool-busaccident.Throughouttherestofherlife,theartisthadmanyoperations,butnothingwasabletocuretheterriblepaininherback.However，theaccidenthadanunexpectedsideeffect.Whilelyinginherbedrecovering,Kahlotaughtherselftopaint.In1929,shegotmarriedtoDiegoRivera,anotherfamousMexicanartist.Rivera'sstronginfluencesonKahlo'sstylecanbeseeninherearlyworks,butherlaterworksfromthe1940s,knowntodayasherbestworks,showlessinfluencefromherhusband.Unfortunately,herworksdidnotattractmuchattentioninthe1930sand1940s,eveninherhomecountry.Herfirstone-womanshowinMexicowasnothelduntil1953.Formorethanadecadeafterherdeathin1954,Kahlo'sworksremainedlargelyunnoticedbytheworld,butinthe1970sherworksbegantogaininternationalfameatlast.語篇解讀：本文通過介紹畫家FridaKahlo的人生經(jīng)歷和繪畫歷程，表現(xiàn)了作者對畫家的命運以及有生之年未得到應(yīng)有贊譽(yù)的同情之心。1.Whatdoesthephrase“amuchbiggername”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Afarbetterartist.B.Afarmoregiftedartist.C.Amuchstrongerperson.D.Amuchmorefamousperson.解析：選D詞義猜測題。我們可以用better和gifted來描寫她，但是文章中說她的主要悲劇是不被當(dāng)時的大眾賞識。而如今，她的知名度很高，故選D。2.TheterriblepainKahlosufferedwascausedby________.A.polioB.herbentspineC.backinjuriesD.theoperationsshehad解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“...herbackwasbrokeninseveralplacesinaschool-busaccident...theaccidenthadanunexpectedsideeffect.Whilelyinginherbedrecovering...”可知答案。3.Kahlo'sstylehadbeeincreasingly