Unit5Developingideas課文要點(diǎn)全解1Avoidpostingpersonalinformationonline.避免在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布個(gè)人信息。avoid〔及物動(dòng)詞〕避免；防止后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，不接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。avoiddoingsth避免做某事Ourteachertellsushowtoavoidtrafficaccidents.我們的老師告訴我們?nèi)绾伪苊饨煌ㄊ鹿?。Youshouldavoidmakingthesamemistakes,你應(yīng)該避免犯相同的錯(cuò)誤。Duringourholidays,weshouldavoidstayingupatnightandoversleepinginthemorning.在假期里，我們應(yīng)該避免晚上熬夜、早上睡過(guò)頭。(2025·江蘇揚(yáng)州中考)真題鏈接根據(jù)句子意思，用括號(hào)中所給漢語(yǔ)提示填空。Myfatheralways______clothesshopping,forhedoesn'tcareabouthisclothing.(避免)解析avoid“避免”，動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)always可知，本句描述經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式，故填avoids。句意：我父親總是避免買(mǎi)衣服，因?yàn)樗辉诤踝约旱囊路?。答案avoids2Thisincludesyourfullname,phonenumber,address,IDorpassportnumber.這包括你的全名、電話(huà)號(hào)碼、地址、身份證或護(hù)照號(hào)碼。include〔及物動(dòng)詞〕包括，包含后面可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。Thetextbookincludeseightstoriesandthreeshortplays.這本課本包括8個(gè)故事和3篇短劇。Yourdutiesincludeansweringthetelephoneandcleaningtheoffice.你的職責(zé)包括接電話(huà)和打掃辦公室。拓展①included〔形容詞〕包括在內(nèi)的無(wú)比較級(jí)，一般位于名詞或代詞之后。Everyonelaughed,meincluded.每個(gè)人都笑了，包括我在內(nèi)。②including〔介詞〕包括；包含在內(nèi)用于所列舉的事物前，和其后的名詞或代詞一起構(gòu)成介賓短語(yǔ)。Tomhasmanyhobbies,includinghikingandrunning.湯姆有很多愛(ài)好，包括遠(yuǎn)足和跑步。3However,limitwhoseesit.但要限制看到這些信息的人。limit①〔動(dòng)詞〕限制，限定Thewrongchoicemightlimityourchancesofsuccess.錯(cuò)誤的選擇可能會(huì)限制你成功的機(jī)會(huì)。②〔名詞〕限制Ithinkthereisanagelimit,butI'dhavetocheck.我覺(jué)得是有年齡限制的，但我得去核實(shí)一下。4Changeitoftenanddon'tbecareless.要經(jīng)常更換密碼，不要粗心大意。careless〔形容詞〕不小心的，粗心的，疏忽的其反義詞為careful,意為“細(xì)心的；認(rèn)真的”。Imadeafewcarelessmistakes.我犯了幾個(gè)粗心的錯(cuò)誤。Lindaisacarefulgirl.琳達(dá)是一個(gè)細(xì)心的女孩。拓展①-less是一個(gè)否定后綴，表示“不具有”或“沒(méi)有……特征的”，跟在某些名詞之后構(gòu)成形容詞。help(幫助)→helpless(無(wú)助的)use(用處)→useless(無(wú)用的)home(家)→homeless(無(wú)家可歸的)sleep(睡覺(jué))→sleepless(不眠的)②carelessly〔副詞〕粗心地Thecamerawillgowrongifyouuseitcarelessly.如果你使用這臺(tái)相機(jī)粗心大意，它會(huì)出毛病的。真題鏈接(2025江蘇揚(yáng)州中考改編)It's______oftheboytoleavethetap(水龍頭)running.A.endlessB.homelessC.meaninglessD.careless解析我們可用“詞義辨析法”解答此題。endless“無(wú)止境的”;homeless“無(wú)家可歸的”;meaningless“無(wú)意義的,無(wú)價(jià)值的”;careless“粗心大意的”。根據(jù)toleavethetaprunning可知,水龍頭開(kāi)著應(yīng)是“粗心”導(dǎo)致的,故選D。句意:這個(gè)男孩讓水龍頭一直開(kāi)著,真是粗心大意。答案D5Beawareofstrangers.警惕陌生人。aware〔形容詞〕注意到的,察覺(jué)到的aware通常作表語(yǔ)，不用于名詞之前作定語(yǔ)。beawareof注意到,察覺(jué)到beaware+that從句意識(shí)到……Asyou'reaware,thisisnotanewproblem.正如你所了解的,這不是一個(gè)新問(wèn)題。Hewaswellawareoftheproblem.他很清楚這個(gè)問(wèn)題。Areyouawarethatsomethingwaswrong?你有沒(méi)有意識(shí)到已經(jīng)出了問(wèn)題？拓展unaware〔形容詞〕不知道;沒(méi)意識(shí)到;未察覺(jué)beunawareof沒(méi)意識(shí)到;未察覺(jué)Theboywasunawareofthedanger.那個(gè)男孩沒(méi)有意識(shí)到危險(xiǎn)。

練習(xí)題類(lèi)型一：?jiǎn)卧~釋義匹配(DefinitionMatching)將單詞或短語(yǔ)與其中文釋義正確匹配。1.avoid2.include3.limit4.careless5.aware6.personalinformation7.address8.passport9.stranger10.passwordA.包括B.避免C.限制D.粗心的E.注意到的F.個(gè)人信息G.地址H.護(hù)照I.陌生人J.密碼類(lèi)型二：詞形轉(zhuǎn)換(WordFormTransformation)根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示，用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Youshould__________(avoid)makingthesamemistakesagain.2.Theprice__________(include)taxandservicecharges.3.Thereisa__________(limit)tohowmuchluggageyoucantakeontheplane.4.Itwas__________(care)ofyoutoleavethedoorunlocked.5.Areyou__________(aware)oftherisksinvolved?6.Nevershareyour__________(person)informationonline.7.Pleasewriteyour__________(address)clearlyontheenvelope.8.Youneeda__________(passport)totraveltoforeigncountries.9.Don'ttalkto__________(stranger)onthestreet.10.Changeyour__________(password)regularlyforsecurity.類(lèi)型三：短語(yǔ)填空(PhraseFilling)用方框內(nèi)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空。avoiddoing,including,limitthe,becareless,beawareof,personalinformation,fullname,phonenumber,changeoften,strangersonline1.Youshould__________postingprivatephotosonsocialmedia.2.Thetourpackagecoversmanyactivities,__________hikingandsightseeing.3.Parentsshould__________amountoftimetheirchildrenspendonelectronicdevices.4.Don't__________withyourpersonalbelongingsinpublicplaces.5.Studentsneedto__________thedangersofcyberbullying.6.Protectyour__________whenusingpublicWi-Fi.7.Pleaseprovideyour__________ontheapplicationform.8.Don'tgiveyour__________topeopleyoudon'tknowwell.9.It'simportantto__________yourpasswords__________.10.Childrenshouldnotchatwith__________.類(lèi)型四：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇(MultipleChoice)1.Youshould______makingthesamemistakeagain.A.avoidB.includeC.limitD.aware2.Theprice______breakfastanddinner.A.avoidsB.includesC.limitsD.aware3.Thereisa______tohowmanybooksyoucanborrow.A.avoidB.includeC.limitD.aware4.Itwas______ofhimtolosehiskeysagain.A.avoidB.includeC.carelessD.aware5.Areyou______ofthenewschoolrules?A.avoidB.includeC.limitD.aware6.Nevergiveoutyour______tounknownwebsites.A.personalinformationB.fullnameC.phonenumberD.address7.Pleasewriteyour______onthisline.A.personalinformationB.fullnameC.phonenumberD.address8.What'syour______?Ineedtocallyoulater.A.personalinformationB.fullnameC.phonenumberD.address9.Youneedtoshowyour______attheairport.A.personalinformationB.fullnameC.phonenumberD.passport10.Don'tacceptfriendrequestsfrom______.A.personalinformationB.fullnameC.phonenumberD.strangers類(lèi)型五：完成句子(SentenceCompletion)根據(jù)中文提示，完成句子。1.避免在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布個(gè)人信息。__________personalinformationonline.2.這包括你的全名、電話(huà)號(hào)碼、地址、身份證或護(hù)照號(hào)碼。This__________your__________,__________,__________,IDor__________number.3.但要限制看到這些信息的人。However,__________whoseesit.4.要經(jīng)常更換密碼，不要粗心大意。__________itoftenanddon't__________.5.警惕陌生人。__________strangers.6.你應(yīng)該避免犯相同的錯(cuò)誤。Youshould__________thesamemistakes.7.你的職責(zé)包括接電話(huà)和打掃辦公室。Yourduties__________answeringthetelephoneandcleaningtheoffice.8.錯(cuò)誤的選擇可能會(huì)限制你成功的機(jī)會(huì)。Thewrongchoicemight__________yourchancesofsuccess.9.我犯了幾個(gè)粗心的錯(cuò)誤。Imadeafew__________mistakes.10.你有沒(méi)有意識(shí)到已經(jīng)出了問(wèn)題？Areyou__________thatsomethingwaswrong?類(lèi)型六：同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(SentenceTransformation)根據(jù)要求改寫(xiě)句子，保持句意基本不變。1.Trynottopostprivatedetailsontheinternet.(用avoid改寫(xiě))__________privatedetailsontheinternet.2.ThepackagecontainsabookandaCD.(用include改寫(xiě))Thepackage__________abookandaCD.3.Restrictthenumberofpeoplewhocanaccessthisfile.(用limit改寫(xiě))__________thenumberofpeoplewhocanaccessthisfile.4.Hewasn'tcarefulandbrokethevase.(用careless改寫(xiě))Hewas__________andbrokethevase.5.Doyouknowaboutthenewregulations?(用awareof改寫(xiě))Areyou__________thenewregulations?6.Keepyourprivatedatasecure.(用personalinformation改寫(xiě))Protectyour__________.7.Provideyourcompletenameontheform.(用fullname改寫(xiě))Writeyour__________ontheform.8.What'syourcontactnumber?(用phonenumber改寫(xiě))What'syour__________?9.Youneedtraveldocumentationforinternationaltrips.(用passport改寫(xiě))Youneeda__________forinternationaltrips.10.Don'tcommunicatewithpeopleyoudo