2/22022年秋季學(xué)期來(lái)賓市高一年級(jí)期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)全卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上，并將條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并收回。4.本卷主要考查內(nèi)容：必修第一冊(cè)。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersdotonight?A.Writeareport.B.Goshopping.C.Haveapicnic.2.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Waiterandcustomer.C.Hostandguest.3.WhydidthemangotoChina?A.Todobusiness.B.Toattendawedding.C.Tospendavacation.4.Whowillthemangotravellingwith?A.Hisfriends.B.Hisco-workers.C.Hisfamily.5.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Nervous.B.Sleepy.C.Confident.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.What’stheweatherlike?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.7.WhatdoesthewomanstudyatHarvard?A.Sports.B.Computer.C.Medicine.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdidthemandojustnow?A.Hewentforawalk.B.Heexercisedatagym.C.Hecookedadinner.9.Whatarethespeakerslikelytodonext?A.Eatout.B.Callroomservice.C.Getanothermenu.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhydoesthemanwanttotalkwithMr.Brown?A.Tochangehisoffice.B.Tocheckaneworder.C.Toleaveamessage.11.Whatistheman’snewnumber?A86392747.B.86392774.C.68392774.12.Whatisthewomanmostprobably?A.Amanager.B.Asecretary.C.Asalesperson.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatarethechairsspecialfor?A.Nationalstandard.B.Lowestprice.C.Goodquality.14.Bywhatpercentagedoesthewomanexpectthemantolowertheprice?A.5%.B.10%.C.15%.15.Whenwillthewomanreplytheman?AThismorning.B.Thisevening.C.Thisafternoon.16.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onthephone.B.Inanoffice.C.Inashop.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whenwilltheclassbegiven?A.OnMondaysandTuesdays.B.OnTuesdaysandThursdays.C.OnThursdaysandSaturdays.18.Howoftenwillstudentsattendtheclassinthelab?A.Everyweek.B.Everyotherweek.C.Everyothermonth.19.Wherearethestudentsexpectedtogettextbooks?A.Atthebookstore.B.Fromonlineshop.C.Intheclassroom405.20.Whatcanwesayaboutthespeaker?A.HeisfreetomeetstudentsonWednesdaymornings.B.Hekeepsondutyforthreehourseveryday.C.Heoftenleavesofficeat4:50p.m.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourBestFilmsforYouDuneNowatlastwehaveabig-screenDunethatmayactuallydojusticeto(恰當(dāng)處理)FrankHerbert’sscience-fictionnovel(科幻小說(shuō)).DirectedbyDenisVilleneuve,thefilmrunsfor155minutesandstillonlycoversthefirsthalfofthebook.TheFrenchDispatchIt’sthe10thfilmofWesAnderson,awriter-director.TheFrenchDispatchtellsthreeshortstoriessetinthefictionalFrenchtownofEnnui-sur-Blasé,andsupposedlydrawnfromthepagesofaNewYorker-stylemagazineinthemid-20thCentury.Spider-Man:NoWayHomeNowthatMarvel’ssuperheroeshavesavedtheuniverse(宇宙),theirnextjobisobvious:theyhavetosavethemultiverse.InthethirdoftheSpider-ManfilmsstarringTomHolland,theteenageraccidentallyopensadoortomanyparallelrealities(平行現(xiàn)實(shí)世界).“Whatpeoplewillbereallysurprisedaboutisthatit’snotfun,thisfilm,”HollandtoldTotalFilm.“It’sdarkandsad,andit’sgoingtobereallyaffecting.”Ron’sGoneWrongThefirstcartoonfromanewBritishstudio,LocksmithAnimation,Ron’sGoneWrongisafamilycomedy(喜劇).Thefilm’sco-writerandco-director,SarahSmith,said,“Inourmovie,BarneyendsupwithRon,arobot,who’scompletelybroken,whodoesn’tagreewithhimanddoesn’tknowanythingabouthim,theyhavetobuildthisrelationshipfromthatpoint.”1.WhoisthedirectorofTheFrenchDispatch?A.TomHolland. B.SarahSmith. C.WesAnderson. D.DenisVilleneuve.2.WhattypeoffilmisSpider-Man:NoWayHome?A.Science-fiction. B.Cartoon. C.Action. D.War.3.What’sspecialaboutRon’sGoneWrong?A.It’ssetinaFrenchtown. B.It’safamilycomedy.C.It’saboutsuperheroes. D.It’sthelongestfilm.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹四部最好看的電影?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheFrenchDispatch部分“It’sthe10thfilmofWesAnderson,awriter-director.(這是作家兼導(dǎo)演韋斯·安德森的第10部電影。)”可知，電影《法蘭西特派》的導(dǎo)演是韋斯·安德森。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Spider-Man:NoWayHome部分“InthethirdoftheSpider-ManfilmsstarringTomHolland,theteenageraccidentallyopensadoortomanyparallelrealities(平行現(xiàn)實(shí)世界).(在湯姆·霍蘭德主演的蜘蛛俠電影的第三部中，這位少年意外地打開(kāi)了通往許多平行現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的大門(mén)。)”可知，《蜘蛛俠：英雄無(wú)歸》是科幻片一部。故選A。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ron’sGoneWrong部分“ThefirstcartoonfromanewBritishstudio,LocksmithAnimation,Ron’sGoneWrongisafamilycomedy(喜劇).(英國(guó)洛克史密斯動(dòng)畫(huà)公司的第一部動(dòng)畫(huà)片《天賜靈機(jī)》是一部家庭喜劇。)”可知，《天賜靈機(jī)》是一部家庭喜劇。故選B。BWorldnumberoneAshleighBartysurprisedtennisonWednesdaybyannouncingherretirement(退役)fromthesportagedjust25,sayingshehadrealizedherdreamsandwas“spentphysically”.BartydroppedthebombshellweeksafterbecomingthefirsthomeAustralianOpenchampionin44yearsandsowinningaGrandSlam(大滿貫)crownonthreedifferentsurfaces.InatearfulsocialmediavideomessagewithherclosefriendandformerdoublespartnerCaseyDellacqua,Bartysaidshewas“soready”tocallitanendafterachievingherlife-timegoaltowinWimbledonlastyear.“SuccessformeisknowingthatI’vegivenabsolutelyeverythingIcan.Iknowhowmuchworkittakestobringthebestoutofyourself,”saidthethree-timeGrandSlamwinner.ShebeganplayingtennisasachildintheQueenslandstatecapitalBrisbaneandwentontowinthejuniorWimbledontitleasa15-year-oldin2011.Buttheexpectationsthatcamewithsuccesshurtherbadlyandshemadeashockdecisionthreeyearslatertoditch(放棄)tennisforcricket,signingforBrisbaneHeatintheWomen’sBigBashLeague.Theattractionoftenniswasneverfarawayandshereturnedafteraseasonout,breakingthroughforherfirstGrandSlamtriumph(勝利)attheFrenchOpenin2019andbecomingAustralia’sfirstwomen’sworldnumberonesinceEvonneCawley50yearsago.BartyfinallywonaWimbledoncrownlastyearbeforeherAustralianOpentriumphatMelbourneParkinJanuary,stormingbackfrom5—1downinthesecondsetagainstAmericanDanielleCollins.BartyhasbeenworldnumberoneformorethantwoyearsandsaidafterherAustralianOpenwinthatshewantedtimetoconsiderhernextmove.4.WhydidAshleighBartyretirefromtennis?A.Herpartneradvisedhertodoso. B.Herfinaldreamhadcometrue.C.Shewantedtoturntoothersports. D.Shegottiredofsocialmediamessages.5.WhendidAshleighBartyjointheWomen’sBigBashLeague?A.In2010. B.In2011. C.In2014. D.In2019.6.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AshleighBarty’sEarlyRetirement B.AnIntroductiontoAustralianOpenC.CaseyDellacqua’sLife-timeGoal D.TheBenefitsofPlayingTennis7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Science. B.Lifestyle. C.Health. D.Sports.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。僅25歲的澳大利亞網(wǎng)球選手AshleighBarty在其個(gè)人社交媒體上宣布正式退役，這一消息令很多人感到意外。她在女子網(wǎng)球選手中世界排名第一，其職業(yè)生涯已經(jīng)收獲大滿貫冠軍，她也是44年來(lái)首位在澳大利亞獲得單打冠軍的主場(chǎng)球員?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WorldnumberoneAshleighBartysurprisedtennisonWednesdaybyannouncingherretirement(退役)fromthesportagedjust25,sayingshehadrealizedherdreamsandwas“spentphysically”.(世界排名第一的阿什利·巴蒂于本周三宣布退役，年僅25歲，震驚了網(wǎng)球界，她說(shuō)自己已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的夢(mèng)想，“體力透支了”)”可知，AshleighBarty宣布退役是因?yàn)樽约旱膲?mèng)想已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“ShebeganplayingtennisasachildintheQueenslandstatecapitalBrisbaneandwentontowinthejuniorWimbledontitleasa15-year-oldin2011.(她從小就在昆士蘭州首府布里斯班開(kāi)始打網(wǎng)球，并在2011年贏得了15歲的溫布爾登青少年冠軍)”及第六段“Buttheexpectationsthatcamewithsuccesshurtherbadlyandshemadeashockdecisionthreeyearslatertoditch(放棄)tennisforcricket,signingforBrisbaneHeatintheWomen’sBigBashLeague.(但是，隨之而來(lái)的對(duì)成功的期望嚴(yán)重傷害了她。三年后，她做出了一個(gè)令人震驚的決定：放棄網(wǎng)球，轉(zhuǎn)投板球，簽約參加女子板球大聯(lián)盟的布里斯班熱火隊(duì))”可知，AshleighBarty于201l4年加入Women’sBigBashLeague。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“WorldnumberoneAshleighBartysurprisedtennisonWednesdaybyannouncingherretirement(退役)fromthesportagedjust25,sayingshehadrealizedherdreamsandwas“spentphysically”.(世界排名第一的阿什利·巴蒂于本周三宣布退役，年僅25歲，震驚了網(wǎng)球界，她說(shuō)自己已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的夢(mèng)想，“體力透支了”)”以及通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹年僅25歲的澳大利亞網(wǎng)球選手AshleighBarty在其個(gè)人社交媒體上宣布正式退役的消息，故“AshleighBarty’sEarlyRetirement(阿什利·巴蒂提前退役)”是最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WorldnumberoneAshleighBartysurprisedtennisonWednesdaybyannouncingherretirement(退役)fromthesportagedjust25,sayingshehadrealizedherdreamsandwas“spentphysically”.(世界排名第一的阿什利·巴蒂于本周三宣布退役，年僅25歲，震驚了網(wǎng)球界，她說(shuō)自己已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的夢(mèng)想，“體力透支了”)”以及通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹25歲的澳大利亞網(wǎng)球選手AshleighBarty在其個(gè)人社交媒體上宣布正式退役的消息，和體育有關(guān)，可推測(cè)本文可能出自報(bào)紙的體育欄。故選D項(xiàng)。CAnyonewatchingtheWinterOlympicsinBeijing,Chinahasseenlotsofsnow-man-madesnow.Sincetheareagetslittlenaturalsnow,thisisthefirsttimetheWinterOlympicsistakingplaceonalmost100%artificial(人造的)snow.2022WinterOlympicswasheldinBeijing,China,andintwoareasnorthwestofBeijing,YangqingandZhangjiakou.Theareasgetcoldinthewinter,buttheydon’tgetalotofsnow.That’sbecausethey’renotfarfromtheGobiDesert,andaregenerallyverydry.ThatmeantsomeseriouschangeswereneededtoholdtheWinterOlympicsthere.Chinatookwaterfromareservoir(水庫(kù))whichhelpssupplyBeijing’sdrinkingwater.Tocarrythewatertothemountainsformakingsnow,thecountryranmilesandmilesofpipes.AnItaliancompanycalledTechnoAlpincreatedthesnow.TechnoAlpincreatedartificialsnowatseveralearlierWinterOlympics.Forthesnowin2022WinterOlympics,TechnoAlpinlaidover40milesofpipeandbroughtinhundredsofsnow-makingmachines.Evenwithallofthosemachines,makingthesnowfor2022WinterGamestooksevenweeks.Still,themachinesthatmakeartificialsnowarequiteadvancedandtheycanmakeseveraldifferentkindsofsnowdependingonwhat’sneededforeachsport.Forexample,thesnowtheymakefordownhillskiingisdifferentfromthesnowmadeforcross-countryskiing.Inrecentyears,ithasbecomemoreandmorecommontouseartificialsnowatwintersportsevents.SomeartificialsnowwasusedintheWinterOlympicsin2010and2014becauseofwarmweather.Inthe2018GamesinPyeongChang,SouthKorea,roughly90%ofthesnowwasman-made.Astheworldwarmsbecauseofclimatechange,problemslikethisareexpectedtobecomefarmorecommon.MichaelMayr,wholeadsTechnoAlpininAsia,says,“Youcouldnothavewintersportsnowwithoutman-madesnow.”8.WhydotheareaslikeBeijingfailtogetmuchsnow?”A.Theyarefarfromthedesert. B.Areservoirwasbuiltthere.C.It’susuallytoodryinwinter. D.Mountainssurroundtheareas.9.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Materialsusedforsnowmaking. B.Effortstocreateartificialsnow.C.AnItalianmachineproducer. D.Thecostoflayingpipes.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph5referto?A.Games. B.Machines. C.Athletes. D.Workers.11.WhatcanweinferfromMichaelMayr’swords?A.Artificialsnowplaysakeyroleinwintersports.B.Climatechangeisgettingworseduetoartificialsnow.C.It’sfarmoredifficulttofightagainstglobalwarming.D.Man-madesnowmakeswintersportsmorepopular.【答案】8.C9.B10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了2022北京冬奧會(huì)人工造雪的相關(guān)情況。8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theareasgetcoldinthewinter,buttheydon’tgetalotofsnow.(這個(gè)地區(qū)冬天很冷，但不會(huì)下很多雪。)”以及第三段中“That’sbecausethey’renotfarfromtheGobiDesert,andaregenerallyverydry.(這是因?yàn)樗鼈冸x戈壁沙漠不遠(yuǎn)，而且通常非常干燥。)”可知，2022北京冬奧會(huì)三個(gè)舉辦城市少雪是因?yàn)檫@些地方冬季太干燥。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“TechnoAlpincreatedartificialsnowatseveralearlierWinterOlympics.Forthesnowin2022WinterOlympics,TechnoAlpinlaidover40milesofpipeandbroughtinhundredsofsnow-makingmachines.Evenwithallofthosemachines,makingthesnowfor2022WinterGamestooksevenweeks.(TechnoAlpin在之前的幾屆冬奧會(huì)上制造了人造雪。為了2022年冬奧會(huì)的雪，TechnoAlpin鋪設(shè)了40多英里的管道，并引進(jìn)了數(shù)百臺(tái)造雪機(jī)。即使有了所有這些機(jī)器，為2022年冬奧會(huì)造雪也花了七周時(shí)間。)”可知，本段主要講述了TechnoAlpin公司為冬奧會(huì)造雪所做的努力。故選B?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞前文“Still,themachinesthatmakeartificialsnowarequiteadvanced(盡管如此，制造人造雪的機(jī)器還是相當(dāng)先進(jìn)的)”以及劃線詞后文“makeseveraldifferentkindsofsnowdependingonwhat’sneededforeachsport.(根據(jù)每項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的需要制作幾種不同的雪。)”可知，此處“they”用以指代前面提及的相當(dāng)先進(jìn)的造雪機(jī)，它們能夠根據(jù)不同的需要制造不同的雪。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“MichaelMayr,wholeadsTechnoAlpininAsia,says,“Youcouldnothavewintersportsnowwithoutman-madesnow.”(TechnoAlpin在亞洲的負(fù)責(zé)人MichaelMayr說(shuō)：“如果沒(méi)有人造雪，現(xiàn)在就不可能有冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)?！?”可推斷，對(duì)冬季體育運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目而言，人造雪至關(guān)重要，因?yàn)槿绻麤](méi)有人造雪就不可能有冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選A。DMachinelearningisawayofteachingcomputerstodotasks.Inthepast,todoanythingcomputersdependedondetailed,step-by-stepinstructionswrittenbyaperson.Butwithmachinelearning,computerspickupnewskillsontheirown,usingexamplesorexperience.Thismakesmachinelearningapowerfulformofartificialintelligence,orAI.AIistheabilityofamachinetothinkorlearnlikeaperson.AIsystemspowermanykindsofmachines—fromsmartphonestorobots.Thereareafewtypesofmachinelearning.Themostcommonissupervised(監(jiān)督)learning.Inthismethod,acomputerisfedlotsoflabeled(標(biāo)記的)trainingdata.Forexample,itmaylookatmanyphotosofdogs.Eachphotomightbelabeledwiththedog’sbreed(品種).Bystudyingthosephotos,thecomputerlearnswhateachbreedlookslike.Then,thecomputercanpickoutdogbreedsinnew,unlabeledphotos.Themoredatathecomputerstudies,thebetteritgetsatitstask.Anotherimportantkindofmachinelearningisreinforcement(強(qiáng)化)learning.Usingthistypeoflearningiskindofliketrainingyourdog.Thecomputerlearnstoachievesomegoalbyinteracting(互動(dòng))withitsenvironment.Whenthecomputermakesachoicethatbringsitclosertoitsgoal,itgetsavirtualreward(虛擬獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)).Throughtrialanderror,thecomputerlearnstomakebetterchoices.ThistypeofmachinelearninghashelpedcomputersmasterdifficultgameslikeGoandStarCraftⅡ.Ithasalsobeenusedtoteachself-drivingcarshowtogetaround.Machinelearninghashelpedcreatetechnologyallaroundus.Itpowerslanguagetranslatorsandsearchengines.Machinelearningsystemsalsoorganisepostsinsocialmedia(社交媒體)feeds.Theyevenhelpdiagnose(診斷)diseases.Inmanyways,theproblem-solvingpowerofmachinelearningisreshapingtheworld.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“pickup”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Beg. B.Explore. C.Require. D.Master.13.Whydoestheauthormentiondogtraininginparagraph3?A.Toencourageself-learning. B.Toshowthelovefordogs.C.Toexplainanideaclearly. D.TovoicehisviewsonAI.14.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardsmachinelearning?A.Positive. B.Disagreeable. C.Doubtful. D.Uncaring.15.Whatcanwelearnaboutmachinelearning?A.It’sdifferentfromAItechnology. B.Itmakesusfurtherknowdog’sbreed.C.Itwilltakeplaceofhumantranslator. D.Ithasbeenappliedwidelyindailylife.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的概念、分類和應(yīng)用?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Machinelearningisawayofteachingcomputerstodotasks.Inthepast,todoanythingcomputersdependedondetailed,step-by-stepinstructionswrittenbyaperson.Butwithmachinelearning,computerspickupnewskillsontheirown,usingexamplesorexperience.Thismakesmachinelearningapowerfulformofartificialintelligence,orAI.AIistheabilityofamachinetothinkorlearnlikeaperson.AIsystemspowermanykindsofmachines—fromsmartphonestorobots.(機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)是教計(jì)算機(jī)完成任務(wù)的一種方式。在過(guò)去，計(jì)算機(jī)做任何事情都依賴于一個(gè)人寫(xiě)的詳細(xì)的、循序漸進(jìn)的指令。但有了機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)，計(jì)算機(jī)就可以通過(guò)例子或經(jīng)驗(yàn)自己pickup新技能。這使得機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)成為人工智能的一種強(qiáng)大形式。人工智能是機(jī)器像人一樣思考或?qū)W習(xí)的能力。從智能手機(jī)到機(jī)器人，人工智能系統(tǒng)為多種機(jī)器提供動(dòng)力。)”可知，有了機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)，計(jì)算機(jī)就可以通過(guò)例子或經(jīng)驗(yàn)自己掌握新技能，所以pickup的意思應(yīng)該是“掌握”，和選項(xiàng)D意思一致。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Anotherimportantkindofmachinelearningisreinforcement(強(qiáng)化)learning.Usingthistypeoflearningiskindofliketrainingyourdog.(另一種重要的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)是強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)。使用這種類型的學(xué)習(xí)有點(diǎn)像訓(xùn)練你的狗。)”可知，用訓(xùn)練狗做例子是為了更清楚的解釋強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Machinelearninghashelpedcreatetechnologyallaroundus.Itpowerslanguagetranslatorsandsearchengines.Machinelearningsystemsalsoorganisepostsinsocialmedia(社交媒體)feeds.Theyevenhelpdiagnose(診斷)diseases.Inmanyways,theproblem-solvingpowerofmachinelearningisreshapingtheworld.(機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)幫助我們創(chuàng)造了技術(shù)。它為語(yǔ)言翻譯和搜索引擎提供動(dòng)力。機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)還組織社交媒體訂閱源中的帖子。它們甚至有助于診斷疾病。在許多方面，機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)解決問(wèn)題的能力正在重塑世界。)”可知，作者對(duì)機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)持支持的態(tài)度。故選A。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Machinelearningisawayofteachingcomputerstodotasks.Inthepast,todoanythingcomputersdependedondetailed,step-by-stepinstructionswrittenbyaperson.Butwithmachinelearning,computerspickupnewskillsontheirown,usingexamplesorexperience.Thismakesmachinelearningapowerfulformofartificialintelligence,orAI.AIistheabilityofamachinetothinkorlearnlikeaperson.AIsystemspowermanykindsofmachines—fromsmartphonestorobots.(機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)是教計(jì)算機(jī)完成任務(wù)的一種方式。在過(guò)去，計(jì)算機(jī)做任何事情都依賴于一個(gè)人寫(xiě)的詳細(xì)的、循序漸進(jìn)的指令。但有了機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)，計(jì)算機(jī)就可以通過(guò)例子或經(jīng)驗(yàn)自己pickup新技能。這使得機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)成為人工智能的一種強(qiáng)大形式。人工智能是機(jī)器像人一樣思考或?qū)W習(xí)的能力。從智能手機(jī)到機(jī)器人，人工智能系統(tǒng)為多種機(jī)器提供動(dòng)力。)”可知，這篇文章主要介紹機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪幸呀?jīng)應(yīng)用很廣泛了。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoTeachKidsAboutEmotions(情緒)andFeelingsByteachingkidsabouttheirfeelingsandemotions,itopensupawholenewworldforthem.It’slikeHelenKeller.InthemovieHelenKeller,there’sanamazingscenewhereshelearnsthatwaterhasaname.Herworldcompletelyopenedup.____16____TeachsongsthattalkaboutfeelingsYouprobablyknowthisonealready—maybeevensangityourselfasachildortoyourchild,butthere’sagreatsongcalledIfYou’reHappyandYouKnowIt!____17____Explainotherpeople’semotionsChildrenareego-centric(以自我為中心).____18____Thisisnotselfishness.Youngchildrenareunabletounderstanddifferentviews.Useproperchancestoexplainhowotherpeoplefeel.Usepicturesoremojis(表情符號(hào))Anothergreatwaytoteachchildrenaboutfeelingsandemotionsistousepicturesandemojis.Irecallthatononeofmyvisitstothehospital.Inoticeddifferentlittleemojifacesonaboardfromwhichapatientcouldchoosetoexpresstheirpainlevel.____19____Whenthey’refeelingsomethingthatyourecognize,youcanshowthememojisandask,“Whichfeelingareyouhavingnow?”____20____Yourchildrenarewatchingyouallthetime.They’relikeacamera.Theypayverycloseattention.So,ifyourchildseesyouthrowyourphoneacrosstheroomafteraheatedconversation,it’snoted.A.Monkeysee,monkeydo!B.Thatcanbedonewithchildren.C.Thechildbelievesthatitistheirmistake.D.Theybelievetheworldrevolves(旋轉(zhuǎn))aroundthem.E.Alwaysknowyourfeelingsandhowtoexpressthem.F.Thisisagoodsongtoteachchildrenabouthappiness.G.Herearesomeexamplesofwaysinwhichyoucanbeginteachingkidsaboutemotionsandfeelings.【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.B20.A【解析】【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹一些可以開(kāi)始教孩子關(guān)于情緒和感受的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Byteachingkidsabouttheirfeelingsandemotions,itopensupawholenewworldforthem.It’slikeHelenKeller.InthemovieHelenKeller,there’sanamazingscenewhereshelearnsthatwaterhasaname.Herworldcompletelyopenedup.(通過(guò)教會(huì)孩子們自己的感受和情緒，它為他們打開(kāi)了一個(gè)全新的世界。就像海倫·凱勒。在電影《海倫·凱勒》中，有一個(gè)令人驚奇的場(chǎng)景，她得知水是有名字的。她的世界完全打開(kāi)了。）”可知，這里是要建議要教給孩子們學(xué)習(xí)了解自己的感受和情緒，結(jié)合下文各個(gè)小標(biāo)題。選項(xiàng)G“以下是一些你可以開(kāi)始教孩子關(guān)于情緒和感受的方法的例子?！焙豌暯由舷挛?。故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“there’sagreatsongcalledIfYou’reHappyandYouKnowIt!(有首很棒的歌叫《如果你很快樂(lè)并且你知道它》)”可知，這里提到一首好歌。選項(xiàng)F“這是一首教孩子快樂(lè)的好歌?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Chldrenareego-centric(以自我為中心）.（孩子是以自我為中心的。）”可知，這里提到孩子們是以自我為中心的。選項(xiàng)D“他們相信世界是圍著他們轉(zhuǎn)的。”和上文意思一致。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Inoticeddifferentlittleemojifacesonaboardfromwhichapatientcouldchoosetoexpresstheirpainlevel.(我注意到一塊黑板上有不同的小表情符號(hào)，病人可以從中選擇來(lái)表達(dá)他們的疼痛程度。）”和下文“Whenthey’refeelingsomethingthatyourecognize,youcanshowthememojisandask,“Whichfeelingareyouhavingnow?”(當(dāng)他們有你能識(shí)別的感覺(jué)時(shí)，你可以給他們看表情包，然后問(wèn)他們：“你現(xiàn)在有哪種感覺(jué)？”)”可知，這里建議可以使用表情符號(hào)。選項(xiàng)B“這可以用到孩子身上。”和上下文意思一致。故選B。【20題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Yourchildrenarewatchingyouallthetime.(你的孩子一直在看著你。）”可知，本段主要介紹父母對(duì)孩子行為和感情的引導(dǎo)和影響作用，孩子們會(huì)密切注意父母的言行并有樣學(xué)樣，選項(xiàng)A“有樣學(xué)樣！”和下文意思一致。故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MywifeandIjustmovedintoanewhome.OnedayIfoundaheartwarming____21____ontheglasswindowofmycarfrommyneighbourAmyJackson.Thenote____22____thattherewasahomelesscatintheneighbourhoodthattheyhavebeen____23____formanyyears.Andtheyexpressedthe____24____thatwewouldn’tcallanimalcontrol.Amywrote,“Youmightbenew____25____fromyourneighbouracrossthestreet.Youhaveprobably____26____the3bowlsandanorange,whitecatinthebackyard.Hisnameis‘Cujo’andwehavepermission(準(zhǔn)許)fromtheearlierownertofeedhimthere.”ThenextdayAmy____27____methewholestory.Herparentslivedon42ndstreetformanyyearsandbegan____28____himnearly16yearsagowhenheshowedupasa____29____kitten.Cujousedtospendmostofhistimeintheirbushes.______30______,Amy’sparentsmovedto55thstreetthreeyearsago.Theytriedtocatchhim,buthewasfartoo______31______fortheirtricks(把戲).Anyway,thegentlemanwhoownsthehousebehindours,kindlyofferedtoletAmyfeedhiminhisyard.Cujohasweakteethandcannolongerkillwildanimalsforfood,sohecanonlyeatthedailycannedfoodshe______32______.IpromisedIwouldn’tcallanimalcontrolbecauseheshould______33______hislastdaysinafamiliarenvironment.Amysaidhewasrathersensitive(敏感的)actually,soIhadbetterjustclap(拍手)myhandsathimandheshould______34______.Whatanamazingperson.Suchaselfless______35______tocareforahomelesscatinhisfinalyears.21.A.flower B.note C.bag D.book22.A.checked B.agreed C.ordered D.explained23.A.raising B.watching C.understanding D.praising24.A.discussion B.comment C.request D.promise25.A.parents B.couples C.drivers D.owners26.A.noticed B.bought C.placed D.took27.A.left B.asked C.told D.sold28.A.cleaning B.feeding C.meeting D.sheltering29.A.helpless B.happy C.trapped D.hidden30.A.Usually B.Still C.Besides D.However31.A.powerful B.smart C.obvious D.weak32.A.putsoff B.dropsoff C.cutsoff D.turnsoff33A.waste B.make C.spend D.cost34.A.turnup B.showoff C.comeon D.goaway35.A.experience B.excuse C.practice D.act【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.D26.A27.C28.B29.A30.D31.B32.B33.C34.D35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者夫妻倆剛搬進(jìn)一個(gè)新家，鄰居Amy為了幫助流浪貓Cujo，特意給他們留下便條，懇求他們不要給動(dòng)物控制中心打電話，以便讓流浪貓?jiān)谠瓉?lái)熟悉的環(huán)境中度過(guò)余生?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，我在車的玻璃窗上發(fā)現(xiàn)了來(lái)自鄰居AmyJackson的一張溫馨的便條。A.flower花；B.note便條；C.bag包；D.book書(shū)。根據(jù)下文“Thenote____2____thattherewasahomelesscat…”可知，Amy留下的是一張便條。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：便條上解釋說(shuō)，社區(qū)里有一只流浪貓，他們已經(jīng)養(yǎng)育許多年了。A.checked檢查；B.agreed同意；C.ordered命令；D.explained解釋。根據(jù)下文“thattherewasahomelesscatintheneighbourhoodthattheyhavebeen____3____formanyyears”可知，這是Amy向作者他們解釋的內(nèi)容。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：便條上解釋說(shuō)，社區(qū)里有一只流浪貓，他們已經(jīng)養(yǎng)育許多年了。A.raising養(yǎng)育；B.watching看；C.understanding理解；D.praising表?yè)P(yáng)。根據(jù)下文“Hisnameis‘Cujo’andwehavepermission(準(zhǔn)許)fromtheearlierownertofeedhimthere.”可知，Amy他們一直在喂養(yǎng)這只流浪貓。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們請(qǐng)求我們不要打電話給動(dòng)物控制中心。A.discussion討論；B.comment評(píng)論；C.request請(qǐng)求；D.promise承諾。根據(jù)下文“wewouldn’tcallanimalcontrol”可推知，這是Amy對(duì)作者夫妻的請(qǐng)求。故選C。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你們可能是街對(duì)面鄰居的新主人。A.parents父母；B.couples夫妻；C.drivers司機(jī)；D.owners主人。根據(jù)上文“MywifeandIjustmovedintoanewhome.”可知，作者他們是房子的新主人。故選D。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你們可能已經(jīng)注意到后院里的三只碗和一只橙白色的貓。A.noticed注意到；B.bought買；C.placed放置；D.took帶走。根據(jù)下文“the3bowlsandanorange,whitecatinthebackyard”可知，作者他們會(huì)注意到這些東西。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，Amy把整件事都告訴了我。A.left離開(kāi)；B.asked問(wèn)；C.told告訴；D.sold賣。根據(jù)下文講述的整個(gè)故事的始末可推知，Amy向作者他們解釋了整個(gè)故事。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她的父母在42街住了很多年，大約16年前他變成一只無(wú)助的小貓，那時(shí)他們開(kāi)始喂養(yǎng)他。A.cleaning清掃；B.feeding喂養(yǎng)；C.meeting遇見(jiàn)；D.sheltering遮蔽。根據(jù)上文“Hisnameis‘Cujo’andwehavepermission(準(zhǔn)許)fromtheearlierownertofeedhimthere.”可知，他們?cè)谖桂B(yǎng)這只流浪貓。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的父母在42街住了很多年，大約16年前他變成一只無(wú)助的小貓，那時(shí)他們開(kāi)始喂養(yǎng)他。A.helpless無(wú)助的；B.happy高興的；C.trapped被困住的；D.hidden被藏起來(lái)的。根據(jù)上文“therewasahomelesscat”可知，這是一只流浪貓，所以很無(wú)助。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，Amy的父母三年前搬到了55街。A.Usually一般來(lái)說(shuō)；B.Still仍然；C.Besides此外；D.However然而。根據(jù)上文Amy他們喂養(yǎng)流浪貓，以及下文Amy的父母搬離這里，雖然想把流浪貓帶走，但失敗了可知，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們?cè)噲D抓住他，但他太聰明了，不適合他們的把戲。A.powerful強(qiáng)大的；B.smart聰明的；C.obvious明顯的；D.weak弱的。根據(jù)下文“fortheirtricks”可知，小貓很聰明，他們抓不住。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：Cujo的牙齒很弱，再也不能殺死野生動(dòng)物作為食物，所以他只能吃她每天丟給它的罐頭食品。A.putsoff推遲；B.dropsoff丟下；C.cutsoff切斷；D.turnsoff關(guān)閉。根據(jù)上文“Cujohasweakteethandcannolongerkillwildanimalsforfood,sohecanonlyeatthedailycannedfood”可知，小貓沒(méi)辦法自己捕捉食物吃，所以人們把罐頭食品丟給他吃。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我保證不會(huì)打電話給動(dòng)物管理中心，因?yàn)樗麘?yīng)該在熟悉的環(huán)境中度過(guò)最后的日子。A.waste浪費(fèi)；B.make做；C.spend度過(guò)；D.cost花費(fèi)。根據(jù)上文“Cujousedtospendmostofhistimeintheirbushes.”可推知，流浪貓要在這里度過(guò)它的余生，spend和上文的spend是同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C。【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：Amy說(shuō)他其實(shí)很敏感，所以我最好只是向他拍手，他應(yīng)該會(huì)走開(kāi)。A.turnup出現(xiàn)；B.showoff炫耀；C.comeon加油；D.goaway離開(kāi)。根據(jù)上文“Ihadbetterjustclap(拍手)myhandsathim”可知，向流浪貓拍手應(yīng)該是讓他走開(kāi)。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多么無(wú)私的行為——在一只流浪貓的最后幾年里照顧他。A.experience經(jīng)歷；B.excuse借口；C.practice練習(xí)；D.act行為。根據(jù)上文Amy多年來(lái)照顧流浪貓，并且特意給作者他們寫(xiě)便條，請(qǐng)求讓流浪貓繼續(xù)在這里生活可知，這是一種無(wú)私的行為。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Evenifallgoeswellforyouinhighschool9thattimeoflifestillcanbetough.Afterall,there'ssomuchforyoutolearnacademically(學(xué)術(shù)上地)and___36___(social),likegettingalongwithclassmates,anddealingwithteachers.Butofallthechallenges,___37___（make）goodfriendsmightbethemostimportant.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalChildDevelopment,bestfriendslikelyhadasignificantinfluenceonhowyoubehaveinyour20s.Researchersfoundthatthosewithstrong,closebonds(聯(lián)系)withtheirfriendsatagefifteen___38___(be)morelikelytobehealthyandhappylater.Importantly,popularity,defined(定義)aslotsofpeoplelikingyougenerallybutnotclosely,wasn'tfoundtohavethesamebenefitasclosefriends.TheUniversityofVirginiaresearcherswho____39____(run)thestudyfollowed169subjectsaged15to25everyyearfor___40___decade(十年).Thentheresearchersanalysed(分析)the10yearsofinformation___41___(understand)howpeoplehandledstressovertime.Theyfoundthat,comparedtopeoplewithstronghighschoolfriendships,those___42___weremerelypopulardidmuchworseonseveralmeasuresofmentalhealth,suchasself-