福建省莆田某中學2024-2025學年高二上學期開學英語試題本試卷分第一卷(選擇題)和第二卷(非選擇題)兩部分。滿分150分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。第I卷(選擇題共85分)第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共12小題；每小題2.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATullyisa13-year-oldcatwhorecentlymethisnewbestfriend,KenJohnson.Johnson,72,describestheirrelationshipas“l(fā)oveatfirstsight”.Bothareseniorslookingforfriends.CreatingthistypeofmatchisexactlywhattheFelineUrbanRescueandRehab(FURR)organizationaimstodo.Theycreatetheperfectsituationforseniorsthathavelotsoflovetogiveandcatsthatneeditthemost.Theorganizationisrunmostlybyvolunteersandtheirservicesincludehelpingseniorswhowanttoadopt(收養(yǎng))catsbutcanhardlyaffordit.Johnsonwasoneofthosepeople.He’salwaysbeenacatloverandwantedtoadoptone,buthisfinancialproblemmadeitdifficult.Oneday,JohnsoncameacrossanoticefromFURRthatadvertisedtheSeniors4Seniorsprogram,whichcoversmedicalbillsandunexpectedcostsforcatsthatareadoptedbyseniors.Heappliedtotheprogram,gotacceptedandthenthematchwithTullywasmade!Johnsonsaid,“TullyhasmademethehappiestI’vebeeninyears.He’smylittlepartner,andwehaveagreatfriendship.”Theorganizationhaspaired11seniorcitizensandcatstodate,andhopestocontinuebringingjoytomorepeopleandcatsbymakingmorematches.Thesupporttheygivetheirseniorsgoeswaybeyondthefinancialaspect.OncecatsareunderFURR’scare,theydonothavetoreturntosheltersiftheirownersareunabletocareforthemforanyreason.Adoptingpetsgreatlyimprovesthepets’qualityoflife.Theynowhavealovinghome.OneofthemostbeautifulthingsabouttheSeniors4Seniorsprogramisthatitiscleartoseehowmuchbettertheseniors’lifeisnowtoo.Notonlydoespetownershipreducelonelinessfortheelderly,butitalsohelpsimprovetheirmemoryandprovidesvariousemotionalbenefits.1.WhatisthemaintaskofFURR?A.Toimprovetheservicesofthenursinghome.B.Toraisemoneyforanimalprotectionprograms.C.Tocloselyconnecthomelesscatswiththeelderly.D.Toprovidemorejobopportunitiesforseniors.2.WhatmadeJohnsonachievehiswish?A.Hisexperienceincaringforanimals.B.ThefinancialhelpfromFURR.C.Theencouragementfromhisfriends.D.Animprovementinhisfinancialsituation.3.WhatisspecialaboutFURR?A.Itprovidesfreemedicalcareforseniors.B.Itdevelopscats’abilitytosurviveinthewild.C.Itteachesseniorstotakecareofthemselves.D.Itofferslong-termsupporttocatsandtheirowners.4.Whatcanbeknownabouttheprogramfromthelastparagraph?A.Itisbeneficialtotheparent-childrelationship.B.Ithelpsmoreanimalsreturntonature.C.Itattractsinterestfromyoungpeople.D.Itbringsaboutawin-winresult.【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了貓科動物城市救援和康復組織(FURR)的相關信息?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“CreatingthistypeofmatchisexactlywhattheFelineUrbanRescueandRehab(FURR)organizationaimstodo.Theycreatetheperfectsituationforseniorsthathavelotsoflovetogiveandcatsthatneeditthemost.”（創(chuàng)造這種類型的匹配正是貓科動物城市救援和康復(FURR)組織的目標。他們?yōu)槟切┯泻芏鄲垡o的老人和最需要愛的貓創(chuàng)造了完美的環(huán)境。）可知，F(xiàn)URR的主要任務是將無家可歸的貓與老年人緊密聯(lián)系起來。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Oneday,JohnsoncameacrossanoticefromFURRthatadvertisedtheSeniors4Seniorsprogram,whichcoversmedicalbillsandunexpectedcostsforcatsthatareadoptedbyseniors.Heappliedtotheprogram,gotacceptedandthenthematchwithTullywasmade!”（一天，約翰遜偶然看到FURR的一則通知，上面宣傳了“Seniors4Seniors”計劃，該計劃為老年人收養(yǎng)的貓支付醫(yī)療費用和意外費用。他申請了這個項目，通過了，然后和塔利就匹配上了!）可知，F(xiàn)URR的經(jīng)濟幫助使Johnson實現(xiàn)了他的愿望。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thesupporttheygivetheirseniorsgoeswaybeyondthefinancialaspect.OncecatsareunderFURR’scare,theydonothavetoreturntosheltersiftheirownersareunabletocareforthemforanyreason.”（他們給予長輩的支持遠遠超出了經(jīng)濟層面。一旦貓咪接受FURR的照顧，如果它們的主人出于任何原因無法照顧它們，它們就不必回到收容所。）可知，F(xiàn)URR的特別之處在于它為貓和它們的主人提供長期支持。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Adoptingpetsgreatlyimprovesthepets’qualityoflife.Theynowhavealovinghome.”（收養(yǎng)寵物大大提高了寵物的生活質(zhì)量。它們現(xiàn)在有了一個溫馨的家。）以及“Notonlydoespetownershipreducelonelinessfortheelderly,butitalsohelpsimprovetheirmemoryandprovidesvariousemotionalbenefits.”（養(yǎng)寵物不僅可以減少老年人的孤獨感，還有助于提高他們的記憶力，并提供各種情感上的好處）可知，該項目對老年人和寵物都有好處，帶來了雙贏的結(jié)果。故選D。BWhenanewproducttotallyfails,companiestypicallytrytomoveonasquicklyaspossibleandputalloftheirenergiesintodevelopingfreshideasthattheyhopewillcatchon.ButtheMuseumofFailureneverforgets.Thistravelingexhibition(展覽),whichwasfirstlaunchedinSwedenin2017,arrivedinNewYorkCityin2023.ItisdesignedbySamuelWest,apsychologistwhospecializesinorganizationalscience.Hehopesitwillhelpnormalizetheconceptoffailure,whichheseesasagoodlearningopportunity.“Myresearchisfocusedonhelpingorganizationstobemoreinnovative,”saysWest.“Andoneofthebigdifficultiesininnovationisthefearoffailure.”Indeed,manycompaniesareunwillingtoshowtheirfailurestotheworld.WhenWestfirstbeganputtingtogethertheexhibition,hehadtofindthefailedproductsoneBayandCraigslistbecause“nobodywantedtohaveanythingtodowiththis.”However,inthistravelingexhibition,whenpeopleseebigwell-knownbrands(品牌)andcompaniesthathaveextremeamountsofmoneyandexperiencestillfailwhentryingnewthings,theymaysay,“As‘bigboys’canfail,whycan’twe?”Peoplethentrysomethingnew,acceptthelevelofriskthatcomeswithitandlearnfromitifthenewthingfails.Westhopestostressthatfailureusuallyisn’tasbadorscaryasmanyimagine.“Youfail,butyoucanreflect,buildonyournewthoughts,tryadifferentmethodandcomebackagainwithsomethingbetter.Simplytryingagainandagainwithoutadaptingisnotenough,”headds.Infact,manywell-knownbrandsfeaturedintheMuseumofFailurehaven’tletoneortwofailuresstandintheirway.Oreohasmadeplentyofdeliciousnewflavors;thoughCrystalPepsifailed,PepsiCoisstillpopularamongcustomers.OthernotableexamplesofseriousfailuresincludeBicforHerpens,Colgate’sfrozendinner,anda“hulachair”forexercise.5.WhatdoesSamuelWestintendtodobyputtingontheexhibition?A.Tocreateafunviewingexperience.B.Tocollectcommentsonfailedproducts.C.Totellthestoriesofunsuccessfulbusinessmen.D.Toencouragepeopletoacceptandlearnfromfailure.6.Howwillpeoplemostlikelyfeelwhilevisitingthetravelingexhibition?A.Scaredandpuzzled. B.Surprisedandcurious.C.Relaxedandinspired. D.Discouragedandworried.7.Whydoestheauthormentionsomefamousbrandsinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowfailurecanleadtocreativityandsuccess.B.Toexplaincompaniesarecarefulwithnewdesigns.C.Toprovepopularinventionsarebasedonrealneeds.D.Tostressfamousbrandsaremorelikelytotakerisks.8.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AspecialexhibitionthatcelebratesfailuresB.ThepublicattitudetotheMuseumofFailureC.AuniquewayforcompaniestogetoverfailuresD.Thebusinessadvicefromsomewell-knownbrands【答案】5.D6.C7.A8.A【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。主要介紹了“失敗博物館”以及創(chuàng)辦人SamuelWest希望通過展覽來讓人們正視失敗并從中學習的理念。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Hehopesitwillhelpnormalizetheconceptoffailure,whichheseesasagoodlearningopportunity.(他希望這將有助于使失敗的概念正常化，他認為這是一個很好的學習機會)”可知，SamuelWest舉辦這個展覽是為了鼓勵人們接受并從失敗中學習。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“However,inthistravelingexhibition,whenpeopleseebigwell-knownbrands(品牌)andcompaniesthathaveextremeamountsofmoneyandexperiencestillfailwhentryingnewthings,theymaysay,“As‘bigboys’canfail,whycan’twe?”Peoplethentrysomethingnew,acceptthelevelofriskthatcomeswithitandlearnfromitifthenewthingfails.(然而，在這次巡回展覽中，當人們看到那些擁有大量資金和經(jīng)驗的知名大品牌和公司在嘗試新事物時仍然失敗時，他們可能會說：“既然‘大男孩’可以失敗，為什么我們不能呢?”然后，人們嘗試新事物，接受隨之而來的風險，并在新事物失敗時從中吸取教訓)”可知，參觀這個展覽的人們會感到放松和受到啟發(fā)。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Infact,manywell-knownbrandsfeaturedintheMuseumofFailurehaven’tletoneortwofailuresstandintheirway.Oreohasmadeplentyofdeliciousnewflavors;thoughCrystalPepsifailed,PepsiCoisstillpopularamongcustomers.OthernotableexamplesofseriousfailuresincludeBicforHerpens,Colgate’sfrozendinner,anda“hulachair”forexercise.(事實上，許多入選失敗博物館的知名品牌并沒有讓一兩次失敗阻礙他們前進的道路。奧利奧推出了許多美味的新口味；雖然水晶百事失敗了，但百事公司仍然受到顧客的歡迎。其他值得注意的嚴重失敗的例子包括BicforHer鋼筆，高露潔的冷凍晚餐，以及用于鍛煉的“呼啦椅”)”可知，作者提到一些著名品牌是為了表明失敗可以導致創(chuàng)造力和成功。故選A項。【8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“ButtheMuseumofFailureneverforgets.Thistravelingexhibition(展覽),whichwasfirstlaunchedinSwedenin2017,arrivedinNewYorkCityin2023.ItisdesignedbySamuelWest,apsychologistwhospecializesinorganizationalscience.(但失敗博物館永遠不會忘記。這個巡回展覽于2017年首次在瑞典推出，于2023年抵達紐約。它是由專門研究組織科學的心理學家SamuelWest設計的)”以及通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了“失敗博物館”以及創(chuàng)辦人SamuelWest希望通過展覽來讓人們正視失敗并從中學習的理念，所以A項“Aspecialexhibitionthatcelebratesfailures(慶祝失敗的特別展覽)”是本文最好的標題。故選A項。CAroundoneintenchildrenintheUKhasdyslexia(閱讀障礙)whichoftencausesreadingdifficulties.Readingrequirestheprocessofmatchingwhatweseeonapagewithspokenlanguageandmeaning.Soreadingdifficultiescouldatleastinpartbecausedbydifferencesinhowthebrainprocessesvisualinformation(howthebrainmakessenseofwhatwesee).Inourrecentstudy,childrenwerepresentedwithpatternsofmovingdotsinchild-friendlygamesandaskedtoworkouttheiroveralldirection.Theyhadtopressabuttontosaywhetherthedotsweregoing“l(fā)eft”or“right”.Wealsostudiedchildren’sbrainactivity.Thenwemeasuredhowcorrectthechildrenwereandhowlongittookthemtomaketheirresponses.Theresultshaveshownthatchildrenwithandwithoutdyslexiadidn’tseemtodifferinhowtheyfirstprocessedvisualinformation,butinsteaddifferedinhowtheymadedecisionsaboutit.Childrenwithdyslexiaseemedtoseethemovingdotsjustaseasilyaschildrenwithoutdyslexia,butittookthemlongertodecideinwhichdirectionthedotsweremoving.Andwhenchildrenmadedecisionsonthedirectionofdotmovement,brainactivityinchildrenwithdyslexiaincreasedmoreslowly.Althoughwordsdon’tmove,differencesinthesemotion(運動)taskscouldinfluencechildren’sabilitytoread.That’sbecausethesoundsthatmakeuplanguagechangequicklyovertime—justlikemovingdots—sotheydependonthebrainprocessesthatcandetectthesechangeswell.Ifchildrenwithdyslexiaareslowertomakedecisionsaboutthedirectionofdotmovement,theymayalsofinditmoredifficulttotellapartsoundsinspokenwords.Inturn,thiscouldmakereadingmoredifficultasitissodependentonspokenlanguageandmeaning.Thestudyishelpingustobuildabetterpictureofhowthebraindevelopsdifferentlyinchildrenwithdyslexia.Ourfindingsprovethatdyslexiacouldinfluencemorethanjustachild’sreadingability.Itisimportantthatweallbearthisinmindwhensupportingchildrenwithdyslexia.9.Whatwasthemaintaskgiventochildreninthestudy?A.Recognizingthegeneraldirectionofmovingdots.B.Pickingoutthedotmovingintherequireddirection.C.Memorizingthemotionpathofeachdot.D.Markingtherightwordswithdots.10.Inwhichpartdidchildrenwithandwithoutdyslexiamainlydifferaccordingtothestudy?A.Thenumberofdotstheycouldsee.B.Theirknowledgeofspokenlanguage.C.Thetimetheyusedtoremembergamerules.D.Theirspeedofresponsetothemotiondirectionofobjects.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detect”inparagraph4mean?A.Produce. B.Recognize. C.Remove. D.Control.12.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowthehumanbrainprocessesvisualinformationB.HowtosupportchildrenwithdyslexiainourdailylifeC.Howpeople’shearingisrelatedtotheirreadingabilityD.Howsmalltaskshelpuslearnmoreaboutdyslexiainchildren【答案】9.A10.D11.B12.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了通過小任務來了解更多關于兒童閱讀障礙的信息?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Inourrecentstudy,childrenwerepresentedwithpatternsofmovingdotsinchild-friendlygamesandaskedtoworkouttheiroveralldirection.”（在我們最近的研究中，在兒童友好游戲中，給孩子們展示了移動點的模式，并要求他們找出它們的總體方向。）可知，研究中給孩子們的主要任務是識別移動點的總體方向。故選A?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Childrenwithdyslexiaseemedtoseethemovingdotsjustaseasilyaschildrenwithoutdyslexia,butittookthemlongertodecideinwhichdirectionthedotsweremoving.”（有閱讀障礙的孩子似乎和沒有閱讀障礙的孩子一樣容易看到移動的圓點，但他們花了更長的時間來確定圓點移動的方向。）可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)有閱讀障礙和沒有閱讀障礙的孩子主要在對物體運動方向的反應速度上有所不同。故選D?！?1題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“That’sbecausethesoundsthatmakeuplanguagechangequicklyovertime—justlikemovingdots—sotheydependonthebrainprocessesthatcandetectthesechangeswell.”（這是因為組成語言的聲音會隨著時間的推移而迅速變化——就像移動的點一樣——所以它們依賴于大腦過程，它可以很好detect這些變化）以及“Ifchildrenwithdyslexiaareslowertomakedecisionsaboutthedirectionofdotmovement,theymayalsofinditmoredifficulttotellapartsoundsinspokenwords.”（如果患有閱讀障礙的兒童對點運動方向的決定較慢，他們可能也會發(fā)現(xiàn)分辨口語中的聲音更困難。）可知，大腦過程能識別變化。所以detect在此處的意思是“識別”。故選B?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresultshaveshownthatchildrenwithandwithoutdyslexiadidn’tseemtodifferinhowtheyfirstprocessedvisualinformation,butinsteaddifferedinhowtheymadedecisionsaboutit.”（結(jié)果表明，患有和沒有閱讀障礙的兒童在處理視覺信息的方式上似乎沒有什么不同，但在如何做出決定方面卻存在差異。）根據(jù)第四段“Althoughwordsdon’tmove,differencesinthesemotion(運動)taskscouldinfluencechildren’sabilitytoread.”（雖然文字不會移動，但這些運動任務的差異可能會影響孩子的閱讀能力。）可知，文章主要講述了通過小任務來了解更多關于兒童閱讀障礙的信息。所以短文的標題為“小任務如何幫助我們更多地了解兒童閱讀障礙”。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Onegoodpartaboutschoolisfieldtrips.Studentscangetoutoftheclassroomandintotherealworld,evenifjustforafewhours.___13___Whetheritislearninghowtofeedchickensonthefarmorunderstandinghowgravityworksatthesciencemuseum,thesehands-onlearningexperiencesbringthembenefits.Studentsdobetterinschool.Studentswhogoonfieldtripsgenerallyhavebettergrades.___14___Infact,inastudyconductedbysomeresearchers,89%ofadultssaideducationaltripshadapositive,lastingimpactontheireducationandcareer.It'sbecausethetripsmadethemmorecuriousandinterestedinandoutofschool.___15___Whenexploringanewplace,studentshavetheopportunitytolistentoandtalktonewpeople.Theycanlearnhowtoeffectivelycommunicatewithstrangers,getalongwiththemandworkwiththem.Forexample,theymayacquiretheskillofusingbodylanguagetointeractwithstrangers.Studentslearntobemoreindependent.Afieldtripincludesmanythings.Althoughadultsareincharge,it’salsouptostudentstofigureoutwhatexhibitstheywanttolearnabout,howtheycanfinishcertaintasks,etc.Duringfieldtrips,studentscanhavemanysuchsituationstolearntobeindependent.Intheprocess,theysometimesmayfeelunpleasantandstressed.___16___Studentsdevelopastrongerconnectiontoaneighborhood.Bygettingoutoftheclassroomand,intothestreets,studentscanbecomemorefamiliarwithaneighborhood.___17___Moreover,theyhavethechancetocommunicatewithlocalpeople,whichalsoimprovestheirconnectiontotheneighborhood.A.Studentsmastermoresocialskills.B.Sostudentscandeveloplifelongfriendships.C.Andtheyhavehighergraduationratesfromschool.D.Thesetrips,wherevertheyare,caninfluencestudents.E.Butthey’llseetheirabilitytodealwithproblemsaloneimprove.F.Theywilllearnmoreaboutitsculture,environment,population,etc.G.Teachers’detailedguidancewillhelpstudentsbehavewellinschool.【答案】13.D14.C15.A16.E17.F【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了實地考察學習對學生的好處和影響?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Onegoodpartaboutschoolisfieldtrips.Studentscangetoutoftheclassroomandintotherealworld,evenifjustforafewhours.(學校的一個好處就是實地考察。學生可以走出教室，進入現(xiàn)實世界，即使只有幾個小時)”以及后文“Whetherit’slearninghowtofeedchickensonthefarmorunderstandinghowgravityworksatthesciencemuseum,thesehands-onlearningexperiencesbringchildrenbenefits.(無論是學習如何在農(nóng)場喂雞，還是在科學博物館了解重力是如何工作的，這些實踐學習的經(jīng)歷給孩子們帶來了好處)”可知，前文提到了實地考察是有益的，后文提到了不同的實地考察場地，故D選項“這些旅行，無論在哪里，都會影響孩子”符合語境，故選D?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Studentsdobetterinschool.Studentswhogoonfieldtripsgenerallyhavebettergrades.(學生在學校表現(xiàn)更好。參加實地考察的學生通常成績較好)”以及后文“Infact,inastudyconductedbysomeresearchers,

89%ofadultssaideducationaltripshadapositive,lastingimpactontheireducationandcareer.It’sbecausethetripsmadethemmorecuriousandinterestedinandoutofschool.(事實上，在一些研究人員進行的一項研究中，89%的成年人說教育實踐對他們的教育和職業(yè)有積極的、持久的影響。這是因為這些實踐讓他們對學校內(nèi)外都更加好奇和感興趣)”可知，上下文都提到了參加實地考察的學生通常成績較好，故本句繼續(xù)說明參加實地考察的影響：他們有更高的畢業(yè)率。故C選項“他們有更高的畢業(yè)率”符合語境，故選C?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Whenexploringanewplace,studentshavetheopportunitytolistenandtalktonewpeople.Theycanlearnhowtoeffectivelycommunicatewithstrangers,getalongwiththemandworkwiththem.Forexample,theymayacquiretheskillofusingbodylanguagetointeract(互動)withstrangers.(當探索一個新的地方時，學生們有機會傾聽和與陌生人交談。他們可以學習如何有效地與陌生人溝通，與他們相處，與他們一起工作。例如，他們可以學會使用肢體語言與陌生人交流的技巧)”可知，本段的主旨是通過實地考察學生學會了與陌生人溝通和相處，即掌握了社交技能。故A選項“學生掌握了更多的社交技能”符合語境，故選A?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Studentslearntobemoreindependent.Afieldtripincludesmanythings.Althoughadultsareincharge,it’salsouptostudentstofigureoutwhatexhibitstheywanttolearnabout,howtheycanfinishcertaintask,etc.Duringfieldtrips,studentscanhavemanysuchsituationstolearntobeindependent.Duringtheprocess,theysometimesmayfeelunpleasantandstressed.(學生學會更加獨立。實地考察包括很多東西。雖然是由成年人負責，但學生們也可以自己決定想要了解哪些展品，如何完成某些任務等。在實地考察中，學生可以有很多這樣的情況來學習獨立。在這個過程中，他們有時會感到不愉快和壓力)”可知，本段講述學生通過實地考察學會了更加獨立，但是有時會感到不愉快和壓力，E選項“但是他們會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己單獨處理問題的能力提高了”符合本段主題，學會了獨立，且與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出盡管有壓力，但是學生能力提高的表現(xiàn)，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Studentsdevelopastrongerconnectiontotheneighborhood.Bygettingoutoftheclassroomandintothestreets,studentscanbecomemorefamiliarwiththeirneighborhood.(學生與社區(qū)建立了更強的聯(lián)系。走出教室，走上街頭，學生們可以更加熟悉他們的社區(qū))”以及后文“Moreover,theyhavethechancetocommunicatewithlocalpeople,whichalsoimprovestheirconnectiontotheneighborhood.(此外，他們有機會與當?shù)厝私涣?，這也提高了他們與社區(qū)的聯(lián)系)”可知，上下文提到了學生可以熟悉社區(qū)，與當?shù)厝私涣?，提高與社區(qū)的聯(lián)系，故本句具體說明了解社區(qū)的哪些方面。F選項中its與上下文的neighborhood相對應。故F選項“他們將更多地了解它的文化、環(huán)境、人口等”符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運用(共三節(jié),滿分80分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。DuringtherushhourinHarrisburg,Whitewasdrivinghomewhenhenoticedacaracrossthestreet.Itwashardto____18____sincethecarwasmovingfromsidetoside.Asthecardrewcloser,Whitesawquitea____19____scene:thedriverappearedtobeasleep.Prettysoon,a(n)____20____wasabouttohappen,Whitethought.WhitemadeaU-turnandsoundedhishorn(喇叭)severaltimestogettheman’s____21____.butitdidn’twork.Watchingthestreamofcars,Whitedecidedtoseek____22____.Hepulledupbytheroadsideandcalled911.Soonapoliceofficerarrivedto____23____trafficbyradio.Hesoundedthesiren(警笛)continuously,whichforcedtheunknowndriverto____24____.Themaninsidethecarwasshockedathis____25____andmanagedtopullthecaroversafely.Itturnedoutthatthedriver,64-year-oldDeAngelis,was____26____facingextremelylowbloodsugarwhiledriving._____27_____themandidn’tmeantobreaktrafficrules,hewasverysorryforhisunsafedriving.Luckily,noinjurywascausedwhenhewas_____28_____.AnambulancesoonarrivedandtookDeAngelistoahospital.Withthepoliceonsite,thetrafficgradually_____29_____.TheofficerlaterpraisedWhiteforhis_____30_____judgementandactions.White’sactionswere_____31_____forhim.Heandhismotherrunanon-profitorganizationcalledAmiracle4sure.Healwaysenjoys_____32_____peoplethroughtheorganization’sprograms.Whiteadmittedthatpreventinganaccidentwasworthwhile.18.A.control B.ignore C.record D.forget19.A.familiar B.peaceful C.touching D.worrying20.A.crash B.exploration C.fight D.competition21.A.agreement B.advice C.attention D.information22.A.assistance B.survival C.permission D.order23.A.direct B.increase C.mention D.test24.A.moveaway B.takeoff C.lookdown D.wakeup25.A.appearance B.loss C.situation D.choice26.A.regularly B.unexpectedly C.secretly D.unconditionally27.A.Because B.Once C.Though D.If28.A.fearless B.senseless C.stressed D.lonely29.A.stopped B.responded C.recovered D.suffered30.A.calm B.difficult C.adventurous D.honest31.A.convenient B.suitable C.comfortable D.usual32.A.challenging B.serving C.understanding D.respecting【答案】18.B19.D20.A21.C22.A23.A24.D25.C26.B27.C28.B29.C30.A31.D32.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了懷特開車回家，遇到了因低血糖而昏迷的司機，避免了交通事故的發(fā)生?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因為汽車在左右移動，所以很難忽視它。A.control控制；B.ignore忽略；C.record記錄；D.forget忘記。根據(jù)下文“sincethecarwasmovingfromsidetoside.”可知，很難忽視這輛車。故選B項。【19題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當汽車駛近時，懷特看到了令人擔憂的一幕：司機似乎睡著了。A.familiar熟悉的；B.peaceful和平的；C.touching令人感動的；D.worrying令人擔憂的。根據(jù)下文“thedriverappearedtobeasleep.”可知，情況令人擔憂。故選D項。【20題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：懷特想，很快，一場撞車事故就要發(fā)生了。A.crash撞車；B.exploration探索；C.fight打仗；D.competition競爭。根據(jù)上文“Itwashardto_______sincethecarwasmovingfromsidetoside.Asthecardrewcloser,Whitesawquitea_______scene:thedriverappearedtobeasleep.”可知，懷特想，很快，一場撞車就要發(fā)生了。故選A項?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：懷特突然掉頭，按了幾次喇叭以引起那人的注意。但這并沒有奏效。A.agreement同意；B.advice建議；C.attention注意力；D.information信息。根據(jù)上文“soundedhishorn(喇叭)severaltimes”可知，按喇叭引起注意。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：看著川流不息的車輛，懷特決定尋求幫助。A.assistance幫助；B.survival幸存；C.permission允許；D.order命令。根據(jù)下文“Hepulledupbytheroadsideandcalled911.”可知，懷特尋求了幫助。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不久，一位警官來了，用無線電指揮交通。A.direct指揮；B.increase增加；C.mention提及；D.test測試。根據(jù)常識以及“apoliceofficer”可知，警官指揮交通。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：他不停地鳴笛，迫使那個陌生的司機醒了過來。A.moveaway離開；B.takeoff脫下；C.lookdown想下看；D.wakeup叫醒，醒來。根據(jù)上文“Hesoundedthesiren(警笛)”可知，鳴笛，迫使那個陌生的司機醒了過來。故選D項。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：車里的人對自己的情況感到震驚，并設法將車安全靠邊停了下來。A.appearance外表；B.loss丟失；C.situation情況；D.choice選擇。根據(jù)上文“thedriverappearedtobeasleep.”可知，司機對自己的情況震驚。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：原來，64歲的司機迪安吉利斯在開車時意外出現(xiàn)了極低的血糖。A.regularly有規(guī)律地；B.unexpectedly意想不到地；C.secretly秘密地；D.unconditionally無條件地。根據(jù)常識以及“shocked”可知，低血糖是意外出現(xiàn)的，沒有想到。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然這個人并不是有意違反交通規(guī)則，但他對自己的不安全駕駛感到非常抱歉。A.Because因為；B.Once一旦；C.Though盡管；D.If如果。根據(jù)句意可知，本句為though引導的讓步狀語從句。故選C項?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，他在無知覺的時候沒有受傷。A.fearless無所畏懼的；B.senseless無知覺的；C.stressed焦慮的，緊張的；D.lonely孤獨的。根據(jù)上文“facingextremelylowbloodsugar”以及“beasleep”可知，司機因低血糖昏迷，失去知覺。故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著警察在現(xiàn)場，交通逐漸恢復。A.stopped停止；B.responded回應；C.recovered恢復；D.suffered遭受。根據(jù)上文“Withthepoliceonsite”可知，警察使得交通恢復。故選C項。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這位警官后來稱贊了懷特冷靜的判斷和行動。A.calm冷靜的；B.difficult困難的；C.adventurous冒險的；D.honest誠實的。根據(jù)上文“WhitemadeaU-turnandsoundedhishorn(喇叭)severaltimestogettheman’s_______.butitdidn’twork.Watchingthestreamofcars,Whitedecidedtoseek_______.Hepulledupbytheroadsideandcalled911.”可知，懷特很冷靜。故選A項。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：懷特的行為對他來說很平常。A.convenient便利的；B.suitable適合的；C.comfortable舒服的；D.usual通常的，平常的。根據(jù)下文“Heandhismotherrunanon-profitorganizationcalledAmiracle4sure.”可知，助人為樂的行為很平常。故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他總是喜歡通過組織的項目為人們服務。A.challenging挑戰(zhàn)；B.serving服務；C.understanding理解；D.respecting尊重。根據(jù)下文“throughtheorganization’sprograms.”可知，他總是喜歡通過組織的項目為人們服務。故選B項。第II卷(非選擇題共65分)注意：將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。第二節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)(一)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheChinatowninSanFranciscoisthe___33___(big)inAmerica,andalsotheoldest.Theclimateismildallyearround,meaning___34___isalwaysagoodtimetovisit.Now,themajorityofresidentsinChinatown___35___(be)stillethnicChinese,manyofwhomdonotspeakEnglish___36___(fluent).Thisallowsvisitors___37___(experience)arealtasteofChina.Visitorscanspendhoursjust___38___(explore)theinterestingsights,smells,andsoundsofChina.ThestoresintheChinatownoffer___39___uniquerangeofsouvenirs,goods,andclothing.AllkindsoftraditionalChineseherbalmedicinecanbefound,too,andthereareChineseteastores,___40___visitorscantasteandbuyvarietiesofChinesetea.___41___perhapswhatmanytouristsandSanFranciscanstreasuremostaboutChinatownisitsfood.ThereisChinesefoodtosuiteveryone’staste,____42____traditionaldishesfromalloverChina.【答案】33.biggest34.it35.are36.fluently37.toexperience38.exploring39.a40.where41.But42.with【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了舊金山的唐人街的情況以及旅游特色?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞最高級。句意：舊金山的唐人街是美國最大的，也是最古老的。根據(jù)上文定冠詞以及后文的alsotheoldest可知，此處應用最高級biggest，故填biggest。【34題詳解】考查代詞。句意：氣候一年四季溫和，這意味著它總是一個很好的時間來參觀。句型itisagoodtimetodosth.意為“是做某事的好時機”，故填it?！?5題詳解】考查謂語動詞。句意：現(xiàn)在，唐人街的大多數(shù)居民仍然是華裔，其中許多人的英語說得不流利。陳述事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，themajorityofresidents作主語，表示大多數(shù)居民，故謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式，故填are。【36題詳解】考查副詞。句意：現(xiàn)在，唐人街的大多數(shù)居民仍然是華裔，其中許多人的英語說得不流利。此處修飾動詞speak，應用副詞fluently。故填fluently?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這讓游客體驗到真正的中國味道。短語allowsb.todosth.表示“允許某人做某事”，動詞不定式作賓語補足語。故填toexperience?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：游客可以花幾個小時來探索中國有趣的風景、氣味和聲音。短語spendsometime(in)doingsth.表示“花費時間做某事”。故填exploring?！?9題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：唐人街的商店提供各種獨特的紀念品、商品和服裝。a/an...rangeof...意為“一系列……的……”，unique是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞，故用不定冠詞a。故填a?！?0題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：各種傳統(tǒng)的中草藥也可以找到，還有中國茶商店，游客可以在那里品嘗和購買各種中國茶。設空處引導非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞Chineseteastores，且在從句中作地點狀語，故填where。【41題詳解】考查連詞。句意：但也許許多游客和舊金山人對唐人街最珍視的是它的食物。上文提到唐人街有各種中藥和中國茶，下文提到游客們最珍視的是中國的食物，所以上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關系，應用but，首字母大寫。故填But?！?2題詳解】考查with的復合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：有適合每個人口味的中國菜，有來自中國各地的傳統(tǒng)菜肴。分析句子可知，此處為with的復合結(jié)構(gòu)，即with+賓語+賓語補足語，故填with。(二)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。LiuYongtan,_____43_____(know)asapioneerinChina’shigh-speedrailindustry,graduated_____44_____SouthwestJiaotongUniversityin1955.Thenheworked_____45_____atechnicianontheChengdu-KunmingRailway,_____46_____hegainedvaluableexperienceinrailwayengineering.In1984,LiuYongtanjoinedinChina’sfirsthigh-speedrailprojecttheBeijing-ShanghaiRailway.Atthetime,manyengineersbelievedthatitwas_____47_____(possible)tobuildsucharailwayinChina.Despitethesechallenges,LiuYongtanandhisteamdevotedalltheirlifeto_____48_____(develop)oneofthemostadvancedhigh-speedrailsystems_____49_____(global).ThankstoLiuYongtan’sleadership,China’shigh-speedrailnetwork_____50_____(grow)rapidlyovertheyears.OneofLiuYongtan’smostsignificant_____51_____(contribute)wasthe“reinforcedconcretecontinuousbeambridge”technologyusedintheconstructionofhigh-speedraillines.HisachievementshavenotonlybenefitedChina______52______haveinspiredengineersaroundtheworld.【答案】43.known44.from45.as46.where47.impossible48.developing49.globally50.hasgrown