專(zhuān)題05閱讀理解之議論文12篇

［經(jīng)典基礎(chǔ)題?

（23-24高一上?江蘇南京?期末）RalphEmersononcesaidthatthepurposeoflifeisnottobehappy,butto

beuscfiil,tobeloving,tomakesomedifferenceintheworld.Whileweappreciatesuchwordsofwisdom,we

seldomtryiofollowtheminourlives.

Mostpeopleprefertoliveagoodlifethemselves,ignoringtheirresponsibilitiesfbrtheworld.Thisnarrow

perceptionofagoodlifemayprovideshort-termbenefits,butissuretoleadtolong-termhamandsuffering.A

goodlifebasedoncomfortandluxurymayeventuallyleadtomorepainbecausewespoilourhealthandevenour

character,principles,ideals,andrelationships.

Whatthen,isthesecretofagoodlife?Agoodlifeisaprocess,notastateofbeing:adirection,nota

destination.Wchavetocamagocdlifebyfirstservingotherswithoutanyexpectationinreturnbecausetheir

happinessistheverysourceofourownhappiness.Moreimportantly,wcmustknowourselvesinsideout.Only

whenweexamineourselvesdeeplycanwediscoverourabilitiesandrecognizeourlimitations,andthenwork

accordinglytocreateabetterworld.

Thefirstrequirementfbragoodlifeishavingalovingheart.Whenwedocertainrightthingsmerelyasa

duty,wefindourjobsotiresomethatwe'llsoonbumout.However,whenwedothatsamejoboutcflove,wenot

onlyenjoywhatwcdo,butalsodoitwithaneffortlessfeeling.

However,lovealoneisinsufficienttoleadagoodlife.Lovesometimesblindsustothereality.Consequently,

ourgoodintentionsmaynotleadtogoodresults.Toachievedesiredoutcomethosewhowanttodogoodtoothers

alsoneedtoequipthemselveswithaccurateworldknowledge.Falseknowledgeismoredangerousthanignorance.

Ifloveistheengineofacarknowledgeisthesteeringwheel（方向盤(pán)）.Iftheenginelackspower,thecarcan't

move;ifthedriverlosescontrolofthesteering,aroadaccidentprobablyoccurs.Onlywithloveinheartandthe

rightknowledgeinmindcanweleadagoodlife.

Withloveandknowledge,wegoallouttocreateabetterworldbydoinggoodtoothers.Whenweseethe

impactofourgoodworkontheworld,wcgivemeaningtoourlifeandcamlastingjoyandhappiness.

1.Whateffectdoesthenarrowperceptionofagoodlifehaveonus?

A.Makingussimple-mindedB.Makingusshort-sighted.

C.Leadingusontoabusyroad.D.Keepingusfromcomfortandluxury.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,howcanonegaintruehappiness?

A.Throughmaintaininggoodhealth.B.Bygoingthroughpainandsuffering.

C.Byrecognizingone'sabilitiesandlimitations.D.Throughofferinghelpmuchneededbyothers.

3.Inwhatcasemaygoodintentionsfailtoleadtodesiredresults?

A.Whenwehavewrongknowledgeoftheworld.B.Whenourlovefbrtheworldisinsufficient.

C.Whenweareinsensitivetodangersinlife.D.Whenwestayblindtothereality.

4.AccordingtoParagraphs,lifecanbemadetrulygoodwhen.

A.inspiredbyloveandguidedbyknowledgeB.directedbyloveandpushedbyknowledge

C.purifiedbyloveandenrichedbyknowledgeD.promotedbyloveanddefinedbyknowledge

【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文星一篇議論文。文章主要論述了美好生活的秘訣是什么。人生的目的不是生而快樂(lè)，而是牛

而有益。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thisnarrowperceptionofagoodlifemayprovideshort-tennbenefits,butis

suretoleadtolong-termharmandsuffering.（這種對(duì)美好生活的狹隘看法可能會(huì)帶來(lái)短期的好處，但肯定會(huì)導(dǎo)

致長(zhǎng)期的傷害和痛苦）”可知，對(duì)美好生活的狹隘看法只能給我們帶來(lái)短期的好處，所以時(shí)間長(zhǎng)了會(huì)讓我們H

光短淺、短視。故選B項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題“根據(jù)文章第三段“Wehavetoearnagoodlifebyfirstservingotherswithoutanyexpectat沁nin

returnbecausetheirhappinessistheverysourceofourownhappiness.（我們必須先為他人服務(wù)而不求回報(bào)，因?yàn)?/p>

他人的幸福是我們自己幸福的源泉）”可知，我們能夠從幫助他人獲得真正的幸福。故選D項(xiàng)。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段,'Falseknowledgeismoredangerousthanignorance.（虛假的知識(shí)比無(wú)知更危

險(xiǎn)廠(chǎng)可以推測(cè)出，當(dāng)我們對(duì)世界有錯(cuò)誤的認(rèn)識(shí)的時(shí)候，就算意圖良好，也可能導(dǎo)致不好的、違背預(yù)期的結(jié)局。

故選A項(xiàng)。

4.細(xì)i丁理解題。根據(jù)文章最后段"Wilhluveandknowledge,wcgoalloutlocreateabullurworldbydoinggood

ioothers.（帶著愛(ài)和知以，我們?nèi)σ愿?，通過(guò)對(duì)他人做好事來(lái)倉(cāng)］造一個(gè)更美好的世界戶(hù)可知，有愛(ài)和知識(shí)，

生活就會(huì)變得更美好。故選A項(xiàng)。

（23-24高一上?江西南昌?期末）It'scommonfbrpeopletohavetheidea,believingthathappinesswillcome

afterreachingcertaingoals.Thiscanincludethingslikegettingapromotion,findingaromanticpartner,or

reachingacertainleveloflifesuccess.Whiletheseachievementscancertainlybringsomehappiness,thiswayof

thinkingcanleadtoanendlesscycleofwaitingtbrthenextthingtobringhappiness.

Thetruthisthathappinessshouldnotbedependentonmaterialachievementsbutratherachoicewemakein

eachmoment.Bylinkinghappinesswithoutsidefactors,wcoftenlosesightofthepresentmomentandmissthe

joythatcanbefoundineverydayexperiences.It'simportanttorealizethathappinessisnotsomethingthatcanbe

achievedinthefuture,butratherastateofmindthatwecankeepatpresent.Bybeingpresent,wecanappreciate

thesimplepleasuresinlife,likethewarmthofthesunonourskin,thelaughteroflovedones,orthetasteofa

deliciousmeal.

Lifeisindeedfilledwithchallenges,whichareanimportantpartofourjoumeytowardspersonalgrowth.

Theyoftenpushusoutofourcomfortzonesandforceustothinkcreativelyandfindnewsolutions,providingus

withopportunitiestolearn,getvaluableexperienceanddiscoverourinnerstrength.Byembracingthese

opportunitiestolearn,wccangrowandbecomebetterequippediohandlefuturechallengesinsteadofalways

waitingfortheperfectmomentorforallourproblemstobesolvedbeforeallowingourselvestobehappy.When

weunderstandthatchallengesarenotdifficultiestoourhappinessbutratheropportunitiesforgrowthandlearning,

wecanappreciatethepresentmomentandfindhappinessregardlessofthesituations.

Ratherthanwaitingfbrfutureeventstobringhappiness,it'sbettertoacceptthepresentandfindjoyand

contentmentinthejoumeyitself.Let'sgrasptheopportunityandembracethejoythatiswithinourreach.Time

waitsfbrnoone,sowhywaittobehappy?

1.Howcanpeoplefindhappinessaccordingtothepassage?

A.Byreachingcertaingoals.B.Byachievingmaterialsuccess.

C.Bybeingcontentwithpresentsituation.D.Bykeepingseekingnewexperiences.

2.Whatdochallengesbringtous?

A.Perfectmoments.B.Comfortzones.C.InnerbeautyD.Personal

progress.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“embracing”inparagraph3referto?

A.Accepting.B.AssumingC.CrcalingD.Believing

4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thechanceofpersonalgrowth.B.Thewaytogetthehappiness.

C.Thecouragetofacethechallenge.D.Thesolutiontoachievethegoals.

【答案】1.C2.D3.A4.B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇議論文。文章主要說(shuō)明了人們通常會(huì)有這樣的想法，認(rèn)為幸福會(huì)化達(dá)到一定的目標(biāo)后到

frombothinsideandoutsidetheschoolusingthegymsandclassroomtoteachabigrangeofmartialarts,but

schoolsveryrarelyhaveitontheircurriculum,letaloneasamainsubject.

Butafternewresearchthatshowsthatobesity（HE胖）levelsarcstillrisinginthefirstworldatasurprising

rate,somearesuggestingthatmartialartsmayhelpfightobesity,andalsohelpchildrenbecomebetteradaptedto

thewiderworldintermsofseH-defenseanddiscipline（自律）.

Martialartsprovidenotjustaphysicalworkout,butalsoachancetodevelopself-defenseskillswhile

trainingboththebodyandmindtobedisciplinedandmindfill.Studieshaveshownthatthereisasignificant

connectionbetweenpracticingmartialartsandselfesteem（自尊）.Throughthearts,studentscandevelop

discipline,andcultivaterespectfbrdifferentcultures-somethingevenmoreimportantthaneverbeforeinour

increasinglydividedsocieties.Martialartsalsostrengthenmuscles,improvesflexibilityandbalance.Everyone

knowsthatwithbetterphysicalhealth,conicbetter,happierlives.

However,somehavebeenkeentopointoutthatyes,martialartsineveryschoolwouldbegreat,butfinding

thosewhoaretrainedandqualified（合格的）toteachmartialartscouldprobablyprovetobechallenge.They

believeitisachickenandeggsituation,wherewithoutcompulsory（強(qiáng)制的）curriculumofmartialarts,thosewho

aregoodatitmayneverfindthemselvesinadojo（武術(shù)館）tofindout.Buttobringittoeveryoneyouneed

experiencedtrainerswhocanteachtlicmartialartswithoutfearofmishap（不幸事故）orphysicaldamage.

1.What'sthetopicofthistext?

A.Whatmartialartsare.

B.Whethermartialartsshouldbeonschoolcurriculum.

C.Whoshouldteachmartialartsasamainsubjectatschool.

D.Howmartialartsworkfbrschools.

2.Whyshouldmartialartsbeaddedintothecurriculum?

A.Self-defenseisnottaughtatschools.

B.Obesitylevelsarcstillrisinglastinihcworld.

C.Itprovidesphysicalandmentalbenefits.

D.Itcanhelppreventphysicaldamage.

3.Whatarethe“chicken”andthe“egg”inthe“achickenandeggsituation^^inthelastparagraph?

A.Buildingadojoandfindingthetrainers.

B.Teachingmartialartsandthephysicaldamage.

C.Lackoftrainersandthetearofmishap.

D.Lackoftrainersandnocompulsorycurriculumofmartialars.

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsaddingmartialartstothecurriculum?

A.Unclear.B.Uninterested.C.DisHking.D.Negative.

【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文，主要論述的是武術(shù)是否應(yīng)該被列入學(xué)校的主要課程。

1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Shouldmartialartsbepartoftheschoolcurriculum（課程）?（武術(shù)應(yīng)該成為學(xué)校課

程的一部分嗎？）“可知，木文主要的話(huà)題是武術(shù)是否應(yīng)該列入學(xué)校課程。故選B。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Martialartsprovidenotjustaphysicalworkout,butalsoachancetodevelop

sclf-dcfcnscskillswhiletrainingboththebodyandmindtobedisciplinedandmindfill.Studieshaveshownthat

thereisasignificantconnectionbetweenpracticingmartialartsandselfesteem（自尊）.（武術(shù)不僅提供了?種身體

鍛煉，而且還樨供了一個(gè)發(fā)展自衛(wèi)技能的機(jī)會(huì)，同時(shí)訓(xùn)練身體和心靈自律和警覺(jué)。研究表明，練習(xí)武術(shù)和

自尊之間存在著重要的聯(lián)系戶(hù)可知，把武術(shù)加入課程是因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)身體和精神都有好處。故選C,

3.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theybelieveitisachickenandeggsituation,wherewithoutcompulsory（強(qiáng)制的）

curriculumofmartialarts,thosewhoaregoodatitmayneverfindthemselvesinadojo（武術(shù)館）tofindout.（他彳門(mén)

認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)先有雞還是先有蛋的情況，沒(méi)有必修的武術(shù)課程，那吟擅長(zhǎng)武術(shù)的人可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)在武術(shù)館）”

可知，chicken和egg是缺乏訓(xùn)練師，沒(méi)有必修的武術(shù)課程。故選D。

4.推理判斷題°根據(jù)第二段“Rutafternewresearchthatshowsthatobesity（肥胖）levelsarestillrisinginthefirst

worldalasurprisingrate,somearesuggestingthatmartialartsmayhelpfightobesity,andalsohelpchildren

becomebetteradaptedtothewiderworldintennsofself-defenseanddiscipline（自律）.（但一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，第

一世界的肥胖水平仍在以驚人的速度上升，一些人認(rèn)為，武術(shù)可能有助于對(duì)抗肥胖，也有助于孩子們?cè)谧?/p>

衛(wèi)和自律方面更好地適應(yīng)更廣闊的世界）”和最后一段“However,somehavebeenkeentopointoutthatyes,

martialartsineveryschoolwouldbegreat,butfindingthosewhoarctrainedandqualified（合格的）toteach

marlialartscouldprobablyprovelobeuhallcngc.（^BlJ?些人敏銳地指;11，是的，每個(gè)學(xué)校開(kāi)武術(shù)課很棒，

但是找到那些受過(guò)訓(xùn)練并有資格教授武術(shù)的人可能會(huì)被證明是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)）”可知，本文只是客觀(guān)陳述人們對(duì)武

術(shù)是否該成為學(xué)校課程的不同觀(guān)點(diǎn)，并沒(méi)有表明自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，所以作者對(duì)在課程中增加武術(shù)的態(tài)度是不清

楚的。故選A。

（23-24高一上?遼寧遼陽(yáng)?期末）Whengoingshoppingwithafriend,GailHeymanfoundherselfquite

awkward（令人尷尬的）whenherfriendaskedherwhichdressshelikedbest.Herfriendhadaclearfavorite-a

dressthatHeymanhappenedtodislike.kklnthatcase,1liedandsaidthat1likethesameonc,^^saidHeyman.

AsHeyman'sexperienceshows,itmightnotmatterallthatmuchifyoutellawhitelietomakeafriendfeel

goodattimes.Butwhenitcomestcthemostmcaningfiilrelationshipsinyourlife,protectingafriend'sfeelingsat

allcostscansometimesmakethemfail.Forexample,ifapersonispracticingforajobinterviewandit'safew

daysbeforehisinterview,andhegivesananswerthatyouthinkisnotgoodatallandyoudon'ltellhimbecause

youdon'lwanttohurthisfeelings,that'sreallynotverynicetohim,right?Becausehehasanopportunitytofix

thatthing.

Ifyouknowthatliescanhaveresults,whydoyoustilllieoften?AstudycarriedoutbyTaliSharot,a

professoratUniversityCollegeLondon,foundthatit'sbecausepeoplejustgetusedtoit.Onelittleliecanturninto

biggerandbiggerliesovertime."Ifyouhabituateemotionally,itwillchangeyourbehavior/'saysSharot.

Sharotnotesthatifyou'reworriedaboutlyingabittoomuch,tryandnoticewhenyouwanttobendthetruth

（歪曲實(shí)）.Shethinksit'sbesttodosowhenyoirrenotactuallyrespondingtothosetriggers（誘因）.Movingyour

attentionawayfromshameandfocusingmoreonyourvaluescanbeahealthywaytostartlookingatthismore

actively.

1.Howdoestheauthorstartthetext?

A.Byraisingaquestion.B.Bygivinganexample.

C.Byexpressinganopinion.D.Bycomparingdifferentviews.

2.Whatcanwclearnfromparagraph2?

A.Becarefulaboutlying.B.It'sOKtotellawhitelie.

C.Nevershouldapersontelllies.D.Ameaningfulrelationshipmatters

3.Whywouldpeopleliemoreaccordingtothestudy?

A.Theyareusedtolying.

B.Theydon'tbehavewell.

C.Theylosetrackofothers.

D.Tlicydon'twantlohurlolhurs'feelings.

4.WhatdoesSharotadviseustodo?

A.Trytobendthetruth.

B.Changeourbehavior.

C.Saysorrytotheoneweliedto.

D.Concentratemoreonourvalues.

【答案】1.B2.A3.A4.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要探討了撒謊對(duì)友誼的影響，并提出了如何處理這種情況的建議。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whengoingshoppingwithafriend,GailHeymanfoundherselfquiteawkward

（令人尷尬的）whenherfriendaskedherwhichdressshelikedbest.Herfriendhadaclearfavorite—adressthat

Heymanhappenedtodislike.4iInthatcase,IliedandsaidthatIlikethesameone,“saidHeyman.（當(dāng)GailHeyman

和一個(gè)朋友去購(gòu)物時(shí)，當(dāng)她的朋友問(wèn)她最喜歡哪件衣服時(shí)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很尷尬。她的朋友有一條明確的最

愛(ài)——一條Heyman碰巧不喜歡的裙子。Heyman說(shuō)：“在這種情況下，我撒了謊，說(shuō)我喜歡同一款。”戶(hù)可

知，文章開(kāi)頭，作者是通過(guò)舉了一個(gè)例子來(lái)引出本文主題。故選B。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段"AsHeyman'sexperienceshows,itmightnotmatterallthatmuchifyoutella

whitelietomakeafriendfeelgoodattimes.Butwhenitconicstothemostmcaningfiilrelationshipsmyourlife,

protectingafriend'sfeelingsatallcostscansometimesmakethemfail.Forexample,ifapersonispracticingfora

jobinterviewandit'safewdaysbeforehisinterview,andhegivesananswerthatyouthinkisnotgocdatalland

youdoivttellhimbecauseyoudon'twanttohurthisfeelings,that'sreallynotverynicetohim,right?Becausehe

hasanopportunitytofixthatthing.（正如Heyman的經(jīng)歷所表明的那樣，如果你為了讓朋友感覺(jué)良好而說(shuō)一個(gè)

善意的謊言，可能并不那么重要。但當(dāng)涉及到你生命中最有意義的關(guān)系時(shí)，不惜一切代價(jià)保護(hù)朋友的感受

有時(shí)會(huì)讓他們失敗）“可知，有時(shí)候你的一個(gè)所謂的善意的謊言可能會(huì)讓你的朋友失敗。由此推知，對(duì)于說(shuō)謊，

我們應(yīng)該抱有謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度。故選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題“根據(jù)文章第三段“Ifyouknowthatliescanhaveresults,whydoyoustilllieoften?Astudycarried

outbyTaliSharot,aprofessoratUniversityCollegeLondon,foundthatit'sbecausepeoplejustgetusedtoit.（如果

你知道謊言會(huì)有結(jié)果，為什么你還經(jīng)常撒謊？倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院教授TaliSharot進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這是因?yàn)?/p>

人們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了。戶(hù)可知，人們明知道謊言會(huì)有后果還是會(huì)說(shuō)謊是因?yàn)槿藗兞?xí)慣了說(shuō)謊。故選A。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"Sharotnotesthatifyou'reworriedaboutlyingabittoomuch,tryandnotice

whenyouwanttobendthetruth（歪曲事實(shí)）.Shethinksit'sbesttodosowhenyou'renotactuallyrespondingto

Ihusutriggers（誘因）.MovingyourallunlionawayIroiiishaniuandRXJusingnioruonyourvaluescanbeahealthy

waytostartlookingatthismoreactively.（Sharot指出，如果你擔(dān)心自己撒了太多的謊，那就試著注意一F自己

什么時(shí)候想要歪曲事實(shí)。她認(rèn)為最好是在你對(duì)這些誘因沒(méi)有實(shí)際反應(yīng)的時(shí)候這樣做。把你的注意力從羞恥

轉(zhuǎn)移到你的價(jià)值觀(guān)上，這是一種開(kāi)始更積極地看待這個(gè)問(wèn)題的健康方式。）“可知，Sharot建議我們應(yīng)該把注

意力放在價(jià)值觀(guān)上。故選D。

（23-24高一上?山西朔州?期末）Childrenshoulddohousework.That'sacontroversial（有爭(zhēng)議的）idea,

thoughnoteveryonewilladmitit.Atewparentswillsaythattheirchildrenarctoobusytbrhousework.Many

moreofusassign（分）及）housework,orsaywebelieveinthem,butthehouseworkjustdoesn'tgetdone.

That'saproblem.Forstarters,houseworkisgoodfbrkids.Beingapartoftheroutineworkofrunninga

householdhelpschildrendevelopanawarenessoftheneedsofothers,whileatthesametimecontributingtotheir

emotionalwell-being.

Onesmallstudy,doneoveraperiodof25years,foundthatthebestpredictor（預(yù)測(cè)）fbryoungadults'

successintheirmid-20swaswhethertheyparticipatedinhouseholdtasksatage3or4.Thoseearlyshared

responsibilitiesextendedtoasenseofresponsibilityinotherareasoftheirlives.

Butfbrallthattheirhelpmatters,fewkidsaredoingmucharoundthehouseatall.Inasurveyof1,000

Americanadults,75percentsaidtheybelievedregularhouseworkmadekids“moreresponsible,,.Yetwhile82

percentreportedhavinghadregularhouseworkgrowingup,only56percentofthosewithchildrensaidthey

requiredthemtodohousework.

Sportsandhomeworkarenotget-out-of-housework-freecards.Thegoal,afteralListoraiseadultswhocan

balanceacaringroleintheirfami.iesandcommunitieswithwhateverlifetimeachievementgoalstheychoose.

Houseworkteachesthatbalance.

Whatshouldyoudowhengettingchildrentodohousework?Acceptnoexcuses.Don'tworryifyoumust

repeatyourselfagainandagain.Ifyou'respendingmoretimegettingthechildtodothisjobthanitwouldtaketo

doityourself,thenyou'redoingitright.Canapaymenthelp?Maybe.Butifyou'retryingtoteachkidstosharethe

responsibilityofahome,payingthemfbrroutinehouseworkisnottherightmessage.

I.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Veryfewchildrengethouseworkdone.B.Childrenareverybusywithhousework.

C.Houseworkisamust-dofbrparents.D.Familymembersshouldrespecteachother.

2.Whatisfoundinthesmallstudy?

A.Houseworkhelpsamanliveahappylife.B.Aman'ssuccessdependsonhishousework.

C.Houseworkbenefitsasenseofresponsibility.D.AchildmuslslarldoinghouseworkalAge3.

3.Whatdoestheauthoradviseparentstodointhelastparagraph?

A.Balancehouseworkandstudy.B.Helpthechilddohouseworkpositively.

C.Dohouseworkbythemselves.D.Paythechildforhousework.

4.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.AdultsDoLessHouseworkintheUSB.HouseworkMatterstoChildren.

C.ParentsWordsSpeakLouderD.ChildrenNeedMoreCareatHome

【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要以“孩子要做家務(wù)”為話(huà)題，通過(guò)研究和事例，論證做家務(wù)對(duì)孩子成長(zhǎng)

的重要性，鼓勵(lì)家長(zhǎng)督促孩子多參與家務(wù)活，培養(yǎng)責(zé)任意識(shí)。

I.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Manymoreofusassign（分派）housework,orsaywebelieveinthem,butthe

houseworkjustdoesn'tgetdone.（我們中有更多的人會(huì)分配家務(wù),或者說(shuō)我們相信家務(wù),但家務(wù)只是沒(méi)有被作

可推斷，盡管分派了家務(wù)活，但是很少有孩子真正去做。故選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thoseearlysharedresponsibilitiesextendedtoasenseofresponsibilityinotherareas

oftheirlives.（這些早期共同承擔(dān)的責(zé)任延伸到「他們生活中其他領(lǐng)域的責(zé)任感。）“可知，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)做家務(wù)

活有助于孩子們培養(yǎng)責(zé)任意識(shí)。故選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后,段“Whatshouldyoudowhengettingchildrentodohousework?Acceptnoexcuses.

Don'tworryifyoumustrepeatyourselfagainandagain.Ifyou'respendingmoretimegettingthechildtodothis

jobthanitwouldtaketodoityourself,thenyou'redoingitright.（當(dāng)你讓孩子做家務(wù)時(shí)＞你應(yīng)該怎么做？不要接

受任何借口。如果你必須一遍乂一遍地重復(fù)，也不要擔(dān)心。如果你花在讓孩子做這件事上的時(shí)間比你自己

做這件事的時(shí)間還多，那么你做得對(duì)。戶(hù)可知，作者建議家長(zhǎng)給孩子分派家務(wù)活時(shí)不接受孩子的任何托詞，

積極幫助孩子做家務(wù)。故選B。

4.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，第一段首句“Childrenshoulddohouscwork.（孩子們應(yīng)該做家務(wù),）”為該文的

核心話(huà)題，第：段“Forstarters,houseworkisgoodforkids.Beingapartoftheroutineworkofrunninga

householdhelpschildrendevelopanawarenessoftheneedsofothers,whileatthesametimecontributingtotheir

emotionalwell-being.（首先，做家務(wù)對(duì)孩子有好處。作為日常家務(wù)的一部分，幫助孩子們培養(yǎng)充他人需求的

認(rèn)識(shí)，同時(shí)也有助于他們的情感健康。戶(hù)論述了做家務(wù)可以給孩子帶來(lái)的好處，由此可知，本文主要論述做

家務(wù)活對(duì)孩子成長(zhǎng)的重要性，助力孩子的責(zé)任意識(shí)，因此最好的標(biāo)題是B選項(xiàng)“HouseworkMattersto

Children4家務(wù)對(duì)孩子很重要。）“。故選B。

（23-24高上?福建德,期木）There'ssunielhingsowonderfullyeasyaboutreadingthiscolumnina

physicalnewspaper.Youturnedthepage,andhereitis,withfewannoyancesordistractions,inan

ultra-high-definition（超高清的）typefacewhichwascustom-cesignedwithpleasurablereadinginmind.

Or—wait—areyoureadingthisonaphone?DidyoufollowalinkfromTwitter,orFacebook?Ormaybeyou'reon

atrain,oraplane,oryou'retryingtouseyourlaptoponyourcousin'sbadWi-Ficonnectionoutinthecountryside

somewhere.Inthecase,there'saprettygoodchancethatevengettingthisfarissomekindofminormiracle.

Whentalkingabouttheeconomicsofonlinepublishing,thefirstthingtorememberisthatjobNo.lisn'tto

getthenewstoyou.Rather,itisIomonetizeyou,bysellingyou。工inrealtime,tothehighestbidder.This

happenseverytimeyouclickonalink,beforethepagehasevenstartedtoloadonyourphone.Analmost

unthinkablyenormousecosystemofscripts,cookiesandoftenastonishinglypersonalinformationisusedtoshow

youasetofbrandmessagesandsalespitcheswhicharetailoredalmostuniquelytoyou.

Thatecosystemraisesimporiantquestionsaboutprivacyandjustgeneralcreepiness（毛骨悚然）一theway

thattheminuteyoulookatapairofshoesonline,forinstance,theythenstartfollowingyouaroundeveryother

websiteyouvisitforweeks.Butwhetherornotyouvalueyourprivacy,youaredamaged,daily,bythesheer

weightofallthattechnology.

Onlineadshavenevergotlessannoyingovertime,andyoucanbesurethatmobileadsaregoingtoget

moreannoyingaswell,onceSiliconValleyhasworkedouthowtobetteridentifywhoyouarc.Themovetogreater

privacyprotectionmighthelpslowthepaceatwhichsuchtechnologiesarcadopted.Butthere*snorealistichope

thalwebsiteswillactuallyimprovefromhere.Ifyouwanttoavoidtheterribleexperienceofthemobileweb,you'll

onlyhaveonechoice-whichistostartreadingyourarticlesnatively,intheFacebookorAppleNewsapp.Butit

won'tbeFacebookandApplewhokilledthenewsbrands.Itllbeadtech.

1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirstparagraph?

A.Tointroducevariousreadingstyles.

B.Toleadtothetopictobetalkedabout.

C.Toshowtheadvantagesofphysicalnewspapers.

D.Tocomparephysicalnewspaperswithelectronicreading.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2?

A.Thereader'sdemandissatisfied.

B.Thereader'sinterestismotivated.

C.Thereaderischeatedbythedesign.

D.Thereaderisadvanlaguof.

3.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheeconomicsofonlinepublishingaccordingtothepassage?

A.Tolerant.B.Critical.

C.Supportive.D.Indifferent.

4.Whatcouldbelearnedfromthe'astparagraph?

A.Onlineadshavebecomelesstroublesome.

B.SiliconValleyisasfamousasbaccbook.

C.Adtechisagoodsolutiontoprivacyprotection.

D.Itistoughtokeepawayfromtheannoyancesbroughtaboutbyads.

【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇議論文。文章對(duì)智能設(shè)備進(jìn)行閱讀時(shí)出現(xiàn)廣告表達(dá)不滿(mǎn)。

I.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“There'ssomethingsowonderfullyeasyaboutreadingthiscolumninaphysical

newspaper.Youturnedthepage,andhereitis,withfewannoyancesordistractions,inanultra-high-definition（超

高清的）typefacewhichwascustom-designedwithpleasurablereadinginmind.Or-wait—areyoureadingthison

aphone?（在紙質(zhì)報(bào)紙上閱讀這篇專(zhuān)欄文章是一件非常簡(jiǎn)單的事情。你翻了一頁(yè)，它就在這里，超高清字體

是為愉悅閱讀而定制的，幾乎沒(méi)有讓人煩惱或分心的東西。要么——等等——你是在手機(jī)上讀這篇文章嗎？）”

等內(nèi)容可知，本段通過(guò)紙質(zhì)閱讀和智能設(shè)備上閱讀的體驗(yàn)對(duì)比，來(lái)引出下文討論的話(huà)題：對(duì)智能設(shè)備上廣

告閱讀的不滿(mǎn)。故詵B項(xiàng)。

2.詞句猜測(cè)題。劃線(xiàn)詞句前文“Whentalkingabouttheeconomicsofonlinepublishing,thefirstthingtoremember

isthatjobNo.lisn'ttogetthenewstoyou.（當(dāng)談到在線(xiàn)出版的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)時(shí)，首先要記住的是，首要任務(wù)不是把

新聞傳遞給你。）”說(shuō)明在線(xiàn)出版的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)首要任務(wù)不是向讀者提供新聞，結(jié)合劃線(xiàn)詞句中Rather（相反）等內(nèi)

容，從而推知“Rather,itistomonetizeyou.bysellingyouofi\inrealtime,tothehighestbidder,（fflfi?itisto

monetizeyou,是通過(guò)實(shí)時(shí)將您出售給出價(jià)最高的人。廠(chǎng)其中短句應(yīng)為“讀者被出賣(mài)了，讀者被利用來(lái)讀新聞

廣告了”的意思“故選D項(xiàng)°

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Analmostunthinkablyenonnousecosystemofscripts,cookiesandoften

astonishinglypersonalinfbnnationisusedtoshowyouasetofbrandmessagesandsalespitcheswhicharetailored

almostuniquelytoyou.（一個(gè)幾乎難以想象的龐大生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，包括腳本、cookie和經(jīng)常令人驚訝的個(gè)人信息，

被用來(lái)向你展示一組品牌信息和銷(xiāo)售宣傳，這些信息幾乎是為你量身定制的。廠(chǎng)以及最后一段中“Onlineads

havenevergotlessannoyingovertime,andyoucanbesurethatmobileadsaregoingtogetmoreannoyingaswell,

onceSiliconValleyhasworkedouthowlobelteridentifywhoyouaru.（隨著時(shí)間的推移，在線(xiàn)廣告從未像J見(jiàn)在

這樣讓人討厭，可以肯定的是，一旦硅谷找到了更好地識(shí)別你是誰(shuí)的方法，移動(dòng)廣告也會(huì)變得更加令人討

厭。戶(hù)可知，作者對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的態(tài)度是批判的。故選B項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中"Onlineadshavenevergotlessannoyingovertime,andyoucanbesurethat

mobileadsaregoingtogetmoreannoyingaswell,onceSiliconValleyhasworkedouthowtobetteridentifywho

youare.Themovetogreaterprivacyprotectionmighthelpslowthepaceatwhichsuchtechnologiesareadopted.

Butthere'snorealistichopethatwebsiteswillactuallyimprovetromhere.Ifyouwanttoavoidtheterrible

experienceofthemobileweb,you'Eonlyhaveonechoice-whichistostartreadingyourarticlesnatively,inthe

FacebookorAppleNewsapp.Butitwon'tbeFacebookandApplewhokilledthenewsbrands.It'llbeadtech.（隨

著時(shí)間的推移，在線(xiàn)廣告從未像現(xiàn)在這樣讓人討厭，可以肯定的是，一旦硅谷找到了更好地識(shí)別你是誰(shuí)的

方法，移動(dòng)廣告也會(huì)變得更加令人討厭。加強(qiáng)隱私保護(hù)的舉措口;能有助于減緩此類(lèi)技術(shù)被采用的速度。但

從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始，網(wǎng)站要真正得到改善是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的。如果你想避免糟糕的移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)體驗(yàn)，你只有一個(gè)選擇，那

就是開(kāi)始在Facebook或AppleNews應(yīng)用程序中閱讀你的文章。但破壞新聞品牌的不會(huì)是Facebook和蘋(píng)果。

它將是廣告技術(shù)。）“可知，要遠(yuǎn)離廣告帶來(lái)的煩惱是很難的。故選D項(xiàng)。

（23-24高一上?內(nèi)蒙古赤峰,期末）Shouldweallowmodembuildingstobebuiltnexttoolderbuildingsina

historicareaofacity?Inordertoanswerthisquestion,wemustfirstexaminewhetherpeoplereallywantto

preservethehistoricfeelofanarea.Notallhistoricalbuildingsarcattractive.However,theremaybeother

reasons-forexample,economicreasonswhytheyshouldbepreserved.So,letusassumethathistoricalbuildings

arebothattractiveandimportanttothemajorityofpeople.Whatshouldwedothenifanewbuildingisneeded?

Inmyview,newarchitectu