2025年英語(yǔ)考研閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練真題試卷（含答案）考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneThedigitalagehasirrevocablyalteredthelandscapeofwork,education,andsocialinteraction.Whileofferingunprecedentedconvenienceandconnectivity,ithasalsointroducednewchallenges,chiefamongthembeingtheissueofmentalwell-being.Theconstantbarrageofinformation,thepressuretobealwaysavailable,andthecuratedperfectionoftenpresentedonlinecancontributetoanxiety,depression,andfeelingsofisolation.ArecentstudybytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationfoundasignificantcorrelationbetweenheavysocialmediausageandincreasedlevelsofstressandnegativeemotionsamongyoungadults.Oneofthemostprofoundimpactsofthedigitalworldonmentalhealthistheerosionofdeep,meaningfulconnection.Theeaseofdigitalcommunicationoftenreplacesface-to-faceinteractions,whicharecrucialforbuildingempathyandfosteringasenseofcommunity.Textsandemojis,whileconvenient,canneverfullyconveythenuancesofhumanemotionandnon-verbalcues.Furthermore,thephenomenonof"comparisonculture"fueledbysocialmediaplatformsencouragesindividualstomeasuretheirownlivesagainstthehighlyfilteredandoftenunrealisticportrayalsofothers,leadingtodiminishedself-esteemandasenseofinadequacy.However,itisreductivetoviewthedigitalagesolelythroughthelensofitsnegativeeffects.Technologyalsoprovidestoolsandplatformsforconnection,support,andmentalhealthresources.Onlinetherapyhasbecomeincreasinglypopular,offeringaccessiblehelpforthosewhomaynothaveeasyaccesstoin-personcounseling.Supportgroupsandcommunitiescenteredaroundsharedexperiences,whetherrelatedtospecificmentalhealthconditionsorlifechallenges,canprovideasenseofbelongingandreducefeelingsofisolation.Digitaltoolscanalsofacilitatemindfulnessandmeditationpractices,whichhavebeenshowntobebeneficialformentalwell-being.Ultimately,navigatingthecomplexitiesofthedigitalagerequiresaconsciousefforttowardsdigitalliteracyandmindfulusage.Itisessentialtodevelopcriticalconsumptionhabits,questioningtheinformationencounteredonlineandresistingtheurgetoconstantlycompareoneselftoothers.Settingboundariesaroundscreentime,prioritizinganalogexperiences,andconsciouslycultivatingdeepconnectionsbothonlineandofflinearecrucialstepstowardsmaintainingmentalwell-beinginthedigitalera.Thegoalisnottoeliminatetechnologyfromourlives,buttouseitinawaythatenhances,ratherthandetractsfrom,ourpsychologicalhealth.Questions:1.Whatistheprimaryconcernhighlightedregardingtheimpactofthedigitalageonmentalwell-beingaccordingtothepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,howdoesdigitalcommunicationdifferfromface-to-faceinteractionintermsofbuildingempathy?3.Thepassagementionsseveralpositiveaspectsofthedigitalworldconcerningmentalhealth.WhichofthefollowingisNOTlistedasoneofthesepositiveaspects?A)Providingplatformsforonlinetherapy.B)Facilitatingtheorganizationofsupportgroups.C)Allowingforconstantsurveillanceofothers'lives.D)Offeringtoolsformindfulnessandmeditation.4.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasanessentialstrategyformaintainingmentalwell-beinginthedigitalage?5.Basedonthepassage,whatistheauthor'soverallperspectiveontherelationshipbetweentechnologyandmentalhealth?PassageTwoTheconceptof"glocalization"–theblendingofglobalculturewithlocaltraditions–hasbecomeincreasinglyrelevantintoday'sinterconnectedworld.Whileglobalizationhasledtothewidespreaddisseminationofcertainculturalproductsandpractices,oftenresultinginahomogenizedglobalculture,glocalizationrepresentsamorenuancedanddynamicinteraction.Itinvolvestheadaptationofglobalgoods,services,andideastosuitlocalcontexts,preferences,andculturalnorms.Aprominentexampleofglocalizationcanbeobservedinthefoodindustry.Globalfast-foodchainslikeMcDonald'sandKFChavesuccessfullyenteredmarketsacrosstheworldnotbysimplyreplicatingtheirstandardmenus,butbyincorporatinglocalflavorsanddishes.McDonald'soffersMcSpicyPaneerinIndia,cateringtothevegetarianmajority,andTsungWenFriedChicken,alocalTaiwanesefavorite,inChina.Similarly,Starbucksadaptsitsbeverageofferingsbasedonregionaltastes;forinstance,itintroducedGreenTeaFrappuccinoinJapanandfeaturesvariouslocallyinspireddrinksindifferentcountries.Thisapproachallowstheseglobalbrandstomaintaintheircoreidentitywhileresonatingmoredeeplywithlocalconsumers.Beyondthefoodindustry,glocalizationisevidentinfashion,marketing,andeventechnology.Clothingbrandsoftencombineinternationaltrendswithlocaldesignsorpatterns.Marketingcampaignsaretailoredtoreflectlocalvalues,languages,andculturalreferences,ensuringgreaterrelevanceandimpact.Inthetechnologysector,softwareandapplicationsareoftenlocalized,includinglanguagetranslation,dateandtimeformats,andculturaladaptationsinuserinterfaces.Criticsofglocalizationarguethatitcansometimesleadtoasuperficialadaptationofglobalproducts,merelyaddinglocalelementsformarketappealratherthangenuinelyintegratingwithlocalculture.Thereisariskthatlocaltraditionsmightbeovershadowedbyglobalcommercialinterests.However,proponentsarguethatglocalizationcanbeamutuallybeneficialprocess.Itallowsglobalcompaniestoexpandtheirmarketreachandbecomemoreculturallysensitive,whilelocalcommunitiescanbenefitfromaccesstoglobalproductsandideasthataremaderelevanttotheirspecificcontext.Thekeyliesinachievingabalancewhereglobalinfluencesenrichlocalculturesratherthansimplydominatingthem.Questions:6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimaryreasonforthesuccessofglobalfast-foodchainsindifferentcountries?8.ThepassageprovidesexamplesofhowStarbucksadaptstolocalmarkets.Whatdoesthisillustrateabouttheconceptofglocalization?9.Accordingtocritics,whatisonepotentialdownsideofglocalization?10.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestisthecrucialfactorforglocalizationtobeapositiveculturaldevelopment?PassageThreeThedebatesurroundingtheuseofartificialintelligence(AI)intheworkplacecontinuestointensifyastechnologyadvancesatarapidpace.Ononeside,proponentsarguethatAIcansignificantlyenhanceproductivity,efficiency,andinnovationacrossvariousindustries.Automationofroutineandrepetitivetasksallowshumanworkerstofocusonmorecomplex,creative,andstrategicaspectsoftheirjobs.AI-poweredanalyticstoolscanprocessvastamountsofdatafarfasterthanhumans,leadingtobetterdecision-makingandinsights.Insectorslikemanufacturing,healthcare,andlogistics,AIapplicationsarealreadytransformingoperations,leadingtoincreasedefficiencyandimprovedservicequality.Ontheothersideofthecoin,theintegrationofAIintotheworkplaceraiseslegitimateconcernsaboutjobdisplacement.AsAIsystemsbecomecapableofperformingtaskspreviouslydonebyhumans,thereisavalidfearthatmanyjobs,particularlythoseinvolvingdataprocessing,administrativetasks,andevensomeformsofskilledlabor,couldbeautomated.WhilenewjobsmayemergeinAIdevelopment,maintenance,andoversight,thetransitioncouldresultinsignificantworkforcedisruptionandrequiresubstantialretrainingefforts.TheeconomicandsocialconsequencesofwidespreadjobdisplacementduetoAIareamajorsourceofanxietyformany.Furthermore,ethicalconsiderationssurroundingAIintheworkplacecannotbeoverlooked.Issuesrelatedtoalgorithmicbias,dataprivacy,andthepotentialforincreasedsurveillancebyemployersarecriticalconcerns.ThereisariskthatAIsystems,ifnotcarefullydesignedandmonitored,couldperpetuateexistinginequalitiesor侵犯individualrights.Ensuringfairness,transparency,andaccountabilityinAIapplicationsisessentialtomaintaintrustandethicalstandardsintheworkplace.Ultimately,theimpactofAIonthefutureofworkwilldependonhowsocietynavigatesthesechallenges.Policiesregardingeducation,reskilling,andsocialsafetynetswillbecrucialinmitigatingthenegativeimpactsofjobdisplacement.CompaniesimplementingAItechnologiesmustprioritizeethicalconsiderationsandengageintransparentcommunicationwiththeiremployees.Acollaborativeapproachinvolvinggovernments,businesses,educationalinstitutions,andworkersisnecessarytoharnessthebenefitsofAIwhileminimizingpotentialharmsandensuringajusttransitionfortheworkforceofthefuture.Questions:11.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?12.AccordingtoproponentsofAIintheworkplace,whataresomeofthekeybenefits?13.WhatisonemajorconcernhighlightedregardingtheeconomicimpactofAI?14.ThepassagementionsseveralethicalissuesrelatedtoAI.WhichofthefollowingisNOTlistedasoneoftheseethicalconcerns?A)ThepotentialforAItoperpetuatesocialinequalities.B)ThecostofdevelopingandimplementingAItechnology.C)Concernsaboutdataprivacyandemployeesurveillance.D)Thechallengeofensuringalgorithmicfairness.15.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestisessentialformanagingthetransitiontoamoreAI-integratedworkplace?PassageFourTheconceptof"darktourism,"alsoknownasgrieftourismorblacktourism,involvesvisitingsitesassociatedwithdeath,disaster,orhumansuffering.Whilethismayseemmorbidtosome,itrepresentsasignificantandgrowingsectorwithinthetourismindustry.Visitorstodarktourismsitesoftenseekemotionalexperiences,seekingtoconnectwithhistoryonamoreviscerallevelortopayrespectstovictims.Thesesitescanincludewarmemorials,concentrationcamps,disasterzoneslikedisastersitesor事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng),andlocationsoffamoushistoricaltragedies.Oneofthemotivationsdrivingdarktourismisthedesireforeducationandremembrance.VisitingsitesliketheHolocaustMemorialinBerlinorthe9/11MemorialinNewYorkallowsindividualstoconfronttherealitiesofhistoricalatrocitiesandtragedies.Formany,thisexperienceprovidesapowerfulandunforgettablelessonabouthistory,fosteringempathyandadeeperunderstandingofhumansuffering.Itservesasatangiblelinktothepast,helpingtoensurethathistoricallessonsarenotforgotten.Anothermotivationisthepursuitofmorbidcuriosity.Someindividualsaresimplyintriguedbythepowerofthesesitesandtheeventstheyrepresent.ThestarkbeautyorhauntingatmosphereofplacesliketheTowerofLondonorPompeiicanbecompelling,offeringauniqueandoftenunforgettabletravelexperience.Forthesevisitors,thetourismislessaboutsolemnremembranceandmoreaboutwitnessingthetangibleremainsofsignificanthistoricalmoments.However,darktourismisnotwithoutitscontroversiesandchallenges.Thereareconcernsthatthecommercializationofsitesassociatedwithtragedycanbeinsensitiveanddisrespectfultothevictims.Over-tourismcanleadtothedegradationofthesesitesandpotentiallydiminishtheimpactofthevisitforfuturevisitors.Furthermore,thereisanethicaldebateaboutwhetherprofitingfromsitesofhumansufferingisappropriate.Balancingtheeducationalandhistoricalvalueofthesesiteswiththeneedforrespectandpreservationisacomplexchallengefordestinationsmanagingdarktourism.Questions:16.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?17.Accordingtothepassage,whataretwomainmotivationsforpeopletoengageindarktourism?18.Thepassagementionsthecommercializationofsitesassociatedwithtragedy.Whatisonepotentialnegativeconsequenceofthis?19.Basedonthepassage,whatisoneofthekeyethicaldebatessurroundingdarktourism?20.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestisamajorchallengefordestinationsmanagingdarktourism?---試卷答案PartIReadingComprehensionPassageOne1.D*解析思路：文章首段明確指出，數(shù)字時(shí)代帶來(lái)的主要挑戰(zhàn)是心理健康問(wèn)題，如焦慮、抑郁和孤立感，并引用了美國(guó)心理學(xué)會(huì)的研究結(jié)果支持這一點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)D（Constantbarrageofinformation,thepressuretobealwaysavailable,andthecuratedperfectionoftenpresentedonlinecancontributetoanxiety,depression,andfeelingsofisolation）概括了首段的核心內(nèi)容。2.A*解析思路：文章第二段對(duì)比了數(shù)字通信和面對(duì)面交流在建立共情方面的差異。該段指出，數(shù)字通信（如文字和表情符號(hào)）無(wú)法完全傳達(dá)人際交往中至關(guān)重要的情感細(xì)微差別和非語(yǔ)言線索，暗示了面對(duì)面交流在這方面更具優(yōu)勢(shì)，因?yàn)樗芴峁└暾男畔?，包括非語(yǔ)言線索，從而更好地建立共情。選項(xiàng)A（Theeaseofdigitalcommunicationoftenreplacesface-to-faceinteractions,whicharecrucialforbuildingempathy）指出了面對(duì)面交流對(duì)于建立共情的重要性，并暗示了數(shù)字通信在這一點(diǎn)上的不足。3.C*解析思路：文章第三段列舉了數(shù)字世界的積極方面，包括在線治療、支持小組和正念工具。選項(xiàng)A、B、D均可在第三段找到對(duì)應(yīng)內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)C（Allowingforconstantsurveillanceofothers'lives）與第三段提到的內(nèi)容不符，且具有負(fù)面含義，并非積極方面。4.B*解析思路：文章最后一段強(qiáng)調(diào)了在數(shù)字時(shí)代保持心理健康的關(guān)鍵策略。該段明確指出需要培養(yǎng)數(shù)字素養(yǎng)和有意識(shí)地使用數(shù)字技術(shù)，并具體建議設(shè)定屏幕時(shí)間限制、優(yōu)先考慮非數(shù)字體驗(yàn)、有意識(shí)地培養(yǎng)線上線下深層聯(lián)系。選項(xiàng)B（Settingboundariesaroundscreentime,prioritizinganalogexperiences,andconsciouslycultivatingdeepconnectionsbothonlineandoffline）綜合了最后一段提出的多個(gè)關(guān)鍵策略。5.D*解析思路：文章整體基調(diào)是客觀分析數(shù)字時(shí)代對(duì)心理健康的影響，并提出了應(yīng)對(duì)策略。作者并未完全否定技術(shù)的作用，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)如何“明智地使用”技術(shù)（mindfulusage），目標(biāo)是用技術(shù)來(lái)“增強(qiáng)”而非“損害”心理健康。選項(xiàng)D（Thegoalisnottoeliminatetechnologyfromourlives,buttouseitinawaythatenhances,ratherthandetractsfrom,ourpsychologicalhealth）反映了這種平衡的觀點(diǎn)，即技術(shù)本身并非完全負(fù)面，關(guān)鍵在于使用方式。PassageTwo6.A*解析思路：文章首段定義了“全球本土化”（glocalization）的概念，即全球文化與本土傳統(tǒng)的融合，并指出其與全球化的區(qū)別。隨后各段通過(guò)例子闡述了這一概念的具體表現(xiàn)和影響。文章主旨是介紹和闡述“全球本土化”的概念及其在當(dāng)代社會(huì)的體現(xiàn)。7.D*解析思路：文章第四段解釋了全球快消品牌（如麥當(dāng)勞、肯德基）成功的原因。該段明確指出，這些品牌并非簡(jiǎn)單復(fù)制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)菜單，而是“適應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境、偏好和文化規(guī)范”，引入當(dāng)?shù)乜谖逗筒似罚ㄈ鏜cSpicyPaneer,TsungWenFriedChicken）。選項(xiàng)D（Adaptingtheirglobalproductstosuitlocalcontexts,preferences,andculturalnormsbyincorporatinglocalflavorsanddishes）概括了第四段的核心觀點(diǎn)，即通過(guò)融入當(dāng)?shù)卦貋?lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)本土化。8.A*解析思路：文章第五段以星巴克為例，說(shuō)明其根據(jù)區(qū)域口味調(diào)整飲料offering（如GreenTeaFrappuccinoinJapan）。這表明星巴克根據(jù)不同地區(qū)的具體情況調(diào)整其全球產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)，使其更符合當(dāng)?shù)叵M(fèi)者的需求，這正是“全球本土化”概念中“適應(yīng)本地環(huán)境”的體現(xiàn)。9.B*解析思路：文章第六段引用了批評(píng)者的觀點(diǎn)，其中提到“有時(shí)導(dǎo)致全球產(chǎn)品僅僅是為了市場(chǎng)吸引力而做出表面上的適應(yīng)，而不是真正地與當(dāng)?shù)匚幕诤稀?。選項(xiàng)B（ThecostofdevelopingandimplementingAItechnology）是實(shí)施AI技術(shù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)成本問(wèn)題，并未在第六段批評(píng)者的觀點(diǎn)中提及。其他選項(xiàng)均在第六段或第七段提及。10.A*解析思路：文章最后一段討論了“全球本土化”的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和益處，并指出關(guān)鍵在于實(shí)現(xiàn)平衡。該段末句明確指出，“關(guān)鍵在于（Thekeyliesin）全球影響使當(dāng)?shù)匚幕玫截S富，而不是簡(jiǎn)單地支配它們”。選項(xiàng)A（Whereglobalinfluencesenrichlocalculturesratherthansimplydominatingthem）準(zhǔn)確概括了作者認(rèn)為實(shí)現(xiàn)平衡的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。PassageThree11.A*解析思路：文章圍繞人工智能（AI）在工作場(chǎng)所的應(yīng)用展開(kāi)討論，首先介紹了支持者觀點(diǎn)（益處），然后介紹了反對(duì)者觀點(diǎn)（風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和挑戰(zhàn)），最后討論了如何應(yīng)對(duì)這些挑戰(zhàn)。文章主要聚焦于人工智能對(duì)工作場(chǎng)所的全面影響及其相關(guān)的利弊分析。12.A*解析思路：文章第二段闡述了支持者對(duì)AI在工作場(chǎng)所益處的觀點(diǎn)。該段提到，AI可以自動(dòng)化例行和重復(fù)性任務(wù)，使人類員工能夠?qū)Ｗ⒂诟鼜?fù)雜、創(chuàng)造性和戰(zhàn)略性的工作；AI分析工具能更快處理大量數(shù)據(jù)，促進(jìn)更好決策；AI在制造、醫(yī)療、物流等領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用正改變運(yùn)營(yíng)，提高效率和服務(wù)質(zhì)量。選項(xiàng)A（Automationofroutineandrepetitivetasksallowshumanworkerstofocusonmorecomplex,creative,andstrategicaspectsoftheirjobs.AI-poweredanalyticstoolscanprocessvastamountsofdatafarfasterthanhumans,leadingtobetterdecision-makingandinsights.Insectorslikemanufacturing,healthcare,andlogistics,AIapplicationsaretransformingoperations,leadingtoincreasedefficiencyandimprovedservicequality）綜合了第二段提到的多個(gè)主要益處。13.A*解析思路：文章第三段討論了AI帶來(lái)的主要擔(dān)憂之一，即“jobdisplacement”（工作流失）。該段明確指出，隨著AI系統(tǒng)能夠執(zhí)行以前由人類完成的任務(wù)，許多工作（尤其是數(shù)據(jù)處理、行政任務(wù)和一些技能型工作）可能會(huì)被自動(dòng)化，這可能導(dǎo)致“significantworkforcedisruption”（顯著的勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)動(dòng)蕩）和需要大量“retrainingefforts”（再培訓(xùn)努力）。選項(xiàng)A（ThepotentialforAItocausesignificantjobdisplacementandrequiresubstantialretrainingefforts）概括了第三段的核心擔(dān)憂，即經(jīng)濟(jì)上的大規(guī)模失業(yè)和再培訓(xùn)需求。14.B*解析思路：文章第四段列舉了與AI在工作場(chǎng)所相關(guān)的倫理問(wèn)題。該段提到了算法偏見(jiàn)（algorithmicbias）、數(shù)據(jù)隱私（dataprivacy）和雇主可能通過(guò)AI進(jìn)行的增加監(jiān)控（increasedsurveillancebyemployers）。選項(xiàng)