2023年新高考英語(yǔ)讀后續(xù)寫提分技能2.08續(xù)寫中人物對(duì)話的刻畫技巧背景回顧背景回顧1對(duì)話是故事角色在故事中相互之間的談話或自言自語(yǔ)的內(nèi)心獨(dú)白。對(duì)話描寫是故事敘述中的一種重要手段，在讀后續(xù)寫中運(yùn)用適當(dāng)?shù)膶?duì)話描寫，能揭示人物的性格和個(gè)性，打破單調(diào)，能夠鋪墊出合理的續(xù)寫情節(jié)，從而推動(dòng)情節(jié)向前發(fā)展。對(duì)話提示詞，如saidWinston、hesaid、headded等(注意，主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)通常放在動(dòng)詞后；主語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)，放在動(dòng)詞前)。提示詞的位置可以放在引用的對(duì)話前、中、后三個(gè)位置，它與對(duì)話內(nèi)容部分構(gòu)成一個(gè)整體，不需要大寫。如：“Whenyouwereayoungmanwewerealllivinginthetree-tops,”saidthebarman,withaglanceattheothercustomers.”為了避免單調(diào)，除了常見(jiàn)的say,ask,answer,yell,call,cry外，對(duì)話提示詞中還可用其他動(dòng)詞：think(想)；declare(表明，宣稱)；admit(承認(rèn))；detail(詳細(xì)解釋道)；emphasize(強(qiáng)調(diào))；remember(回想起，記得)；recall(回想起，記起)；comfort(安慰)；begin(開(kāi)始講話)；add(補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，繼續(xù)說(shuō))；hesitate(猶豫)；continue(繼續(xù))；repeat(重說(shuō))；scream(尖叫，大聲叫)；exclaim(驚叫，呼喊)；scold(責(zé)備)；laugh(發(fā)笑)；chuckle(低聲輕笑)；sneer(嘲笑，譏諷)；shout(大聲說(shuō)，怒罵)；reply(回答)；sob(啜泣)；demand(要求)；command(命令)；suggest(建議)；persist(堅(jiān)持)；remark(說(shuō)起，評(píng)論)；agree(同意)；beg(懇求，哀求)；announce(宣布)；explain(解釋)；sigh(嘆息)；correct(糾正)；whisper(耳語(yǔ)；小聲說(shuō))；grunt(咕噥)；mumble(口齒不清地說(shuō))；stammer(結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說(shuō))；stutter(結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說(shuō))；groan(發(fā)牢騷)；grumble(嘟噥；發(fā)牢騷)；mutter(嘀咕；發(fā)牢騷)；complain(抱怨)；murmur(喃喃細(xì)語(yǔ))；moan(呻吟，抱怨)；gabble(急促而含混不清地說(shuō))；gasp(氣喘吁吁地說(shuō))；snarl(不耐煩地說(shuō))；snap(厲聲說(shuō)，怒氣沖沖地說(shuō))；bellow(怒吼)；growl(怒吼)等。對(duì)話中的逗號(hào)要放在引號(hào)里面。對(duì)話提示詞與引用的話語(yǔ)構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的句子，引號(hào)的結(jié)尾常用逗號(hào)。如：“AndnowImustgo,”shesaidassoonashehadmasteredhisinstructions.如果對(duì)話提示詞在一個(gè)完整對(duì)話中間，其后需用逗號(hào)，且后半句話的開(kāi)頭首字母用小寫。如：“Don’tbelateforsupper,”UnclePaulcried,“andkeeptothetracksothatyoudon’tgetlost!”此外，引號(hào)內(nèi)可使用感嘆號(hào)或問(wèn)號(hào)。如：“Whateverishesaying？”saidavoice,verynear,distinctandshrillthroughthewarblingoftheSuper-Wurlitzer.“Thesewomen!”hesaid,asthemachineroseintotheair.方法策略方法策略2對(duì)話一般由引用部分、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、對(duì)話提示語(yǔ)和其他成分構(gòu)成。對(duì)話提示語(yǔ)后如適當(dāng)增加其他成分，能夠生動(dòng)傳神地展示對(duì)話。在讀后續(xù)寫中我們可以利用如下方法來(lái)刻畫人物對(duì)話：(一)增加副詞在對(duì)話提示詞后增加副詞，加強(qiáng)描繪說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣情感，使對(duì)話更形象化。[例1]“Youmusthaveseengreatchangessinceyouwereayoungman,”saidWinstontentatively.[例2]“Intheplacewherethereisnodarkness？”hesaidhesitantly.(二)并列動(dòng)詞在對(duì)話中增加動(dòng)作描寫，能渲染故事氣氛，增添畫面感。[例3]“Sevenminutesbehindtime,”headded,andshookhishead.[例4]“Perhapswehadbettergoon,”saidMissKeate,andmovedtowardsthedoor.(三)增加介詞短語(yǔ)在對(duì)話提示詞后增加介詞短語(yǔ)，能夠更詳細(xì)地表現(xiàn)出說(shuō)話者的神態(tài)、語(yǔ)調(diào)、聲音等具體情況。[例5]“Youallremember,”saidtheController,inhisstrongdeepvoice...[例6]“TheMinistryofPlenty’scertainlydoneagoodjobthisyear,”hesaidwithaknowingshakeofhishead.(四)增加分詞短語(yǔ)在對(duì)話中增加分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)表示伴隨狀況，不僅能夠增添畫面感，而且能夠使句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加復(fù)雜，表達(dá)更加豐富。[例7]“Whatareyougivingthem？”askedMr.Foster,makinghistoneveryprofessional.(分詞短語(yǔ))[例8]“Yes,”saidMustaphaMond,noddinghishead,“youmaywellshudder.”(分詞短語(yǔ))(五)增加狀語(yǔ)從句在對(duì)話中增加從句，使得續(xù)寫的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)更加復(fù)雜，同時(shí)，更細(xì)節(jié)化地表達(dá)說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)的具體情況。[例9]“Atlast,”shethoughtexultantlyasshesteppedoutofthecab.(從句)[例10]“Intheplacewherethereisnodarkness,”hesaid,asthoughhehadrecognizedtheallusion.(從句)學(xué)會(huì)在續(xù)寫的對(duì)話中正確使用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，在對(duì)話提示詞中靈活運(yùn)用不同的動(dòng)詞，掌握展示對(duì)話的5種方法，從而達(dá)到提高自身語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確性和生動(dòng)性。在讀后續(xù)寫中展示對(duì)話，能夠豐富續(xù)寫的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言，增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)篇的連貫性，有利于推動(dòng)合理的續(xù)實(shí)踐強(qiáng)化實(shí)踐強(qiáng)化3基礎(chǔ)演練基礎(chǔ)演練A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。OnepleasantNewYearmorning,Edwardroseandwashedanddressedhimselfveryquickly.HewantedtobethefirsttowisheveryoneahappyNewYear.Helookedineveryroom,andshoutedthewordsofwelcome.Heranintothestreettorepeatthemtothosehemightmeet.Whenhecameback,hisfathergavehimtwobrightnewsilverdollars.Hisfacelightedupashetookthem.Hehadwishedforalongtimetobuysomeprettybooksthathehadseenatthebookstore.Heleftthehousewithalightheart,intendingtobuythebooks.Asherandownthestreet,hesawapoorGermanfamily,thefather,themother,andthreechildrenshivering(發(fā)抖)withcold.“IwishyouahappyNewYear,”saidEdward,ashewashappilypassingby.Themanshookhishead.“Youdonotbelongtothiscountry?”saidEdward.Themanagainshookhishead,forhecouldnotunderstandorspeaktheEnglishlanguage.Buthepointedtohismouth,andtothechildren,asiftosay,“Theselittleoneshavehadnothingtoeatforalongtime.”Edwardquicklyunderstoodthatthesepoorpeoplewereinaverydifficultsituationandrequiredsomehelp.Hetookouthisdollars,andgaveonetotheman,andtheothertohiswife.Howtheireyessparkled(閃耀)withgratitude!Theysaidsomethingintheirlanguage,whichdoubtlessmeant,“Wethankyouathousandtimes,andwillrememberyouinourprayers.”WhenEdwardcamehome,hisfatheraskedwhatbookhehadbought.Hehunghisheadamoment,butquicklylookedup.“Ihaveboughtnobooks,”saidhe,Igavemymoneytosomepoorpeople,whoseemedtobeveryhungry.”注意：1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150詞左右；2.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已經(jīng)為你寫好；Paragraph1:“IthinkIcanwaitformybookstillnextNewYear,”continuedhe__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Thenextday,Edwardwassteppedbyhisfather.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________讀后續(xù)寫人物對(duì)話方式刻畫導(dǎo)引策略表達(dá)舉例使用目的用動(dòng)詞凸顯Heexplained:“ItisaGermanfamilythatisbadlyinneedofhelp...”解釋原因增加分詞短語(yǔ)hisfatherboughtthebooks,saying,...補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明要點(diǎn)用“分詞短語(yǔ)+感嘆號(hào)+作狀語(yǔ)的名詞”...theysmiledathim,saying“Wereallyappreciateyourhelp!”,thankinghimathousandtimes強(qiáng)化感激之意........................【參考范文】“IthinkIcanwaitformybookstillnextNewYear,”continuedhe.Hisfatherlookedathimwithablanklook.Heexplained:“ItisaGermanfamilythatisbadlyinneedofhelp.Theyevendon'thaveenoughclothestowear.”Edward'sexplanationmadehisfatherunderstandwhathadhappenedandheexpressedthathecouldn'tagreemorewithhim.Inordertorewardwhathehaddone,hisfatherboughtthebooks,saying,“Whereverwesawsomeoneinpain,nevercanweturnablindeyetothoseinneed.WhatyouhavedonewillmakethemahappyNewYear.”Thenextday,Edwardwassteppedbyhisfather.Whenseeingwhatwasheldinhisfather’shand,Edwardfeltagreatsenseofamazementwellingup.Hefeltthesweetnessofhelpingothers.Afewdayslater,Edwardmetthefamilyagain,andtheysmiledathim,saying“Wereallyappreciateyourhelp!”,thankinghimathousandtimes.ItseemedthecitywasbathedinbrilliantsunshinebecauseofEdward'sfeelings.Itwasonlyatthemomentthathefinallyrealizedthatwhetherrichorpoor,heshoulddosomethingtoothers.Thus,hecanlearnthatgivingisthesourceofhappiness.【寫作指導(dǎo)】本文以人物為線索展開(kāi)，講述了一個(gè)小男孩Edward在新年來(lái)臨之際，他的父親給了兩美元作為新年禮物。Edward拿著美元在去購(gòu)買自己心愛(ài)的禮物——書的路上，遇到了一家貧窮人。看到眼前的窮人，他把錢捐給了貧窮的家庭。為此父親得知他的所作所為之后，又買了Edward一直想要的書作為新年禮物，再此過(guò)程中也讓Edward明白到幫助他人的樂(lè)趣和意義。段落續(xù)寫：第一段首句內(nèi)容“我想我可以等待我的書直到明年?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫Edward展開(kāi)了與父親的對(duì)話，并且將自己所做的事情解釋給父親聽(tīng)，告訴父親自己的錢沒(méi)有買書，而是用來(lái)幫助了別人。由第二段首句內(nèi)容“第二天，Edward和他的父親一同走?！笨芍?，第二段要描寫的是父親帶著他一起去看他所幫助的那一家窮人。在此過(guò)程中，得到了幫助對(duì)象的多次感謝，從而Edward明白幫助他人的意義和樂(lè)趣。續(xù)寫線索：得到錢——打算花錢——幫助——失望——解釋——得到禮物——感悟詞匯激活行為類1.看：lookat/stareat/gazeat2.感謝：thank/appreciate/gratitude3.回家：gobackhome/returnhome情緒類1.失落:feelgreatdisappointment/feelconfused2.感謝:showtheirappreciation/showtheirgratitude/begrateful【典型句式】[句式1].Whereverwesawsomeoneinpain,nevercanweturnablindeyetothoseinneed.(never放句首引導(dǎo)的倒裝句。)[句式2].Itwasonlyatthemomentthathefinallyrealizedthatwhetherrichorpoor,heshoulddosomethingtoothers.(itwas…that引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句)綜合演練綜合演練B1．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Evestaredatthequietlytickingclockandsighed,“Ohdear,anotherdayspentwatchingtelevision.”ShepickedupthephoneandcalledLucy’snumber.Noanswer.“Nodoubtshe’llbebusystudying,”shethought.EvehadtoadmitthatsinceherdaughterhadlefthomeandstartedanewlifeatCambridgeUniversity,shewasfeelingalittlebitlost.Allhergoodintentionsofdecoratingthehousedidnotseemquitesoappealinganymore,eventhoughshehadboughtthepaintandmadeanextremelyattractivemoodboard.Brightcolourstobrightenherlifewastheintention.“Itcouldalllooksoamazing.IfonlyIcouldstopwatchingoldfilms!”shemused(沉思著說(shuō)).Thephonerang.“HiMum,I’mjustinthemiddleofanequation,whatareyouupto?”Evedidnotdareadmitthetruthtoherdaughter.“Oh,I’mjustgettingstartedwiththedecorating,there’spainteverywhere!”shelied.Tobetruthful,Evewasn’tthatinterestedinhomedecorating.Herhusbandhadbeentheoneinterestedininterior(內(nèi)部的)design.Thatwasuntilhebecamemoreinterestedintheinteriordesigner.Butthatwasallinthepast,andEvehadslowlybeengettingaccustomedtohersinglelife.Shehadneverlivedalonebeforeandsometimesthehouseseemedsobigandempty.Shehadlongedforaroomofherown,butnotnecessarilyahouse!Shedidn’tevenfeellikemakinghercakeswithnoonetotrythem.Andshehadneglectedherreadingandmissedthelastmeetingofherbookgroup.Eve’sthoughtswerestoppedintheirtracksbythecheeryvoiceofherdaughteroverthephone.“Whynotcomevisitmetomorrow?Ihavenolectures-Ijustneedtoreturnabooktothelibrary.”Infact,Lucyhadalreadysensedhermother’lonelinessandboredom.Eve’smoodliftedinstantly.AshorttriptoCambridgewasjustwhatsheneeded.SothenextdayshetookthetraintoCambridgeUniversity.注意：1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Lucywaswaitingforherinfrontofthelibrary.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Backhome,EvepickedupacopyofJaneEyre.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】

Lucywaswaitingforherinfrontofthelibrary.Seeinghermomcoming,Lucysteppedforwardandgaveherabighug.Evewasexcitedtoseeherdaughter,butshewonderedwhyshemetheroutsidethelibrary.“Mom,wouldyouliketogointothelibrarywithmetoreturnmybook?”cameLucy’svoice.Shehesitatedforamoment,thenagreed.Lookingaroundatthebeautifulbuildingsandsensingastronglearningatmosphere,Evesuddenlyfeltmuchyounger,adesiretoreadfloodingoverher.Lucyreturnedtheoverduebookandborrowedsomenovelsforher.(90words)Backhome,EvepickedupacopyofJaneEyre.Itwasabookshehadalwaysbeenplanningtoread,abookthatwouldchangeher.Sheturnedthepagesofthefirstchapter.Thestorycapturedherimaginationandshewassoabsorbedthatshealmostmissedherlunch.WithLucy’shelpfulpushsheattendedthebookgroupmeetingagain.Sheregainedthejoyoflife.Readingremindedherofherowncapabilitiesandshefeltshecouldachieveanything.Thinkingofthisandremovingherbookmark,shecontinuedreading.Shehadagoodfeelingaboutthenextchapter!(90words)【寫作指導(dǎo)】本文以人物為線索展開(kāi)，講述了Eve的女兒去上大學(xué)后，她感到很孤獨(dú)，一天她給女兒打電話，女兒感覺(jué)到了她的孤單，所以邀請(qǐng)她來(lái)學(xué)?？醋约海珽ve很高興地答應(yīng)了，第二天便坐火車去劍橋大學(xué)看女兒。1.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“Lucy在圖書館門口等她。”可知，第一段可描寫Eve和女兒一起去圖書館還書的過(guò)程。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“回到家，Eve拿了一本《簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)》?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫Eve開(kāi)始讀《簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)》，并重拾生活的樂(lè)趣。2.續(xù)寫線索：Lucy等待——和女兒見(jiàn)面——一起去圖書館還書——感覺(jué)自己變年輕——借書——回家后，讀《簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)》——參加讀書會(huì)——重拾對(duì)生活的樂(lè)趣3.詞匯激活行為類1.擁抱某人：givesb.ahug/hugsb./embracesb.2.進(jìn)入：gointo/enter/getinto3.參加：attend/participatein情緒類1.高興：joy/pleasure/enjoyment2.激動(dòng)的：excited/thrilled【典型句式】[句式1]Itwasabookshehadalwaysbeenplanningtoread,abookthatwouldchangeher.(運(yùn)用了省略that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句和用that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句)[句式2]Thestorycapturedherimaginationandshewassoabsorbedthatshealmostmissedherlunch.(運(yùn)用了so…that…引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)2．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。注意：續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150詞左右。Mowaswaitingoutsideherclass.Shewasfeelingsick.Shehadtwoexamsthatday.Physicswasfirstandshehatedphysics,itwasherworstsubject.Terrylookedbackatherfromthefrontoftheline,thenlookedawayquickly.Mothoughtshelookedguilty.Shedidn’thaveaproblemwithphysics.Shedidn’thaveaproblemwithanything!“Hi,Mo,it’syourfavouriteexamtoday!”saidNimaasshearrived.Terrylookedbackagain.“What’swrongwithher?”saidNima.“Ithoughtyouwerefriends.”“Yes,sodidI,”saidMo.“Butshelooksabsent-mindedandactsstrangelythesedays.Shepromisedtohelpmereviseforthephysicsexam,butthensheignoredallmycallsandtexts!”saidMoangrilywhilegoingintotheexamroom.Mocouldn’tanswerquestionnumberfive.ShelookedupandsawTerrysittinginthenextrow.Mowassurprised.Terrywasholdingherphoneunderthetableandshewasreadingfromit.IsthathowTerryalwaysgotgoodgrades?ShefeltreallyangryatTerryandthoughtabouttellingtheteacher,butwhatwouldeveryoneelsethinkofher?Itwasn’tfair!Monevercheatedandshefailedlotsofexams.TerryhadalreadyputherphoneawaywhenMolookedupagain.ShelookedbackatMoandsmiledsadly.“Stopwritingandputyourpensdown”saidMrReedashestartedtocollecttheexampapers.Ohno,Mohadn’tansweredtwoofthequestions.Shewasgoingtofailagain!Thenextexamwashistory.ThatwasMo’sfavouritesubjectbutshedidn’tfeelgood.“Itwasn’tfair!”shethought.“Terrywasgettinggoodgradesbycheatingallthattime.AndIthoughtwewerefriends!”Justthen,MrReedwalkedpasthertable.“MrReed...”MowassittingbehindTerryagaininthehistoryexam,butTerrydidn’ttakeherphoneout.Mowasfeelingbadagain.WhydidshetellMrReed?Butitwastoolatenow.HewantedhertolookathimandnodifshesawthatTerryhadherphoneintheexam.ShewasonthelastquestionwhenshesawthatTerryhadherphoneunderthetable.Withoutthinking,MolookedupandnoddedtoMrReed.注意:?1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Terrywaslookingatherphoneanddidn’thearhimashewalkedsilentlyuptohertable._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Mowasleavingschoolwhensheheardfootstepsbehindher.ItwasTerry._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】Terrywaslookingatherphoneanddidn’thearhimashewalkedsilentlyuptohertable.Thoughfeelinguneasyandrestless,shelookedatMr.Reedandnodded.Withhereyesglued