Unit1

TheAmazonrainforest:anaturaltreasureLanguagepoints1.Welcometothejungle,ahugeseaofgreenalivewiththesoundsofanimals.(L1-L2)2.Asthelargestrainforestintheworld,itplaysasignificantroleinmaintainingthefinebalanceoftheEarth’secosystem.(L2-L3)3.Withanareaofaround6millionsquarekilometers,theAmazonrainforestismorethanhalfthesizeofChina.(L5-L7)4.TheAmazonRiver,fromwhichtherainforestgetsitsname,iscloseto6,400kilometersinlength—roughly100kilometreslongerthantheYangtzeRiver.(L7-L9)5.TheygivethisareatherichestbiodiversityontheEarth:oneintenknownspeciesintheworldcanbefoundhere.（L10-L11）6.Theforest’sdifferentlevelssupportanunbelievablevarietyofwildlife.(L14-L15)7.Abovethatisthemassofleaflitteronthedarkforestfloor.(L16)8.Eachleveloftheforestformsitsownlittleworld,hometodifferentkindsoflivingthings.(L19-L20)9.Whileasignificantnumberofjaguarssurvivehere,theyareonlyoneelementofthisforest'sfoodchain.(L23-L24)10.Thesefrogs,inturn,feedoninsectswhicheatleavesandfruit.(L26-L27)11.Whenajaguardies,atinyarmyofmicroorganismshelpsbreakdownitsbodyandreturnthenutrientstotheearth.(L27-L29)12.Astheimpactofhumanactivitiescontinuestogrowandthelistofspeciesindangerofextinctionbecomeslonger,weareleftwithaquestion:canweaffordtodamagethe“l(fā)ungsoftheplanet”?(L35-L38)1.Welcometothejungle,ahugeseaofgreenalivewiththesoundsofanimals.(L1-L2)歡迎來(lái)到亞馬遜森林，這是一片綠色的海洋。

aseaof:alargeamountofsth.大片的，成片的e.g.Helookeddownandsawaseaofsmilingfaces.

他往下看，看到一張張笑臉。(be)alivewith:befulloforcoveredwith

充滿，到處是(活的或動(dòng)的東西)e.g.Thepondwasalivewithfrogs.池塘里都是青蛙。2.Asthelargestrainforestintheworld,itplaysasignificantroleinmaintainingthefinebalanceoftheEarth’secosystem.(L2-L3)作為世界上最大的雨林,它在保護(hù)地球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)平衡方面扮演了重要的作用。playaroleindoingsth

在……方面扮演了重要的角色e.g.Hardworkplaysasignificantroleinachievingsuccess.努力在獲得成功方面扮演了重要的角色。3.Withanareaofaround6millionsquarekilometers,theAmazonrainforestismorethanhalfthesizeofChina.(L5-L7)

亞馬孫雨林面積約六百萬(wàn)平方千米，是中國(guó)國(guó)土面積的一半以上。......roughly100kilometerslongerthantheYangtzeriver.

大體上比長(zhǎng)江還長(zhǎng)一百千米。

倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方法：Abe+倍數(shù)+theheight/weight/length/size...ofB

Theearthis49timesthesizeofthemoon.地球的體積是月球的49倍。Thisclassroomisthreetimesthewidthofthatone.這間教室是那間教室的三倍寬。②Abe+倍數(shù)+as+adj/adv+asB

Thetableisfourtimesaslongasthatone.

這張桌子是那張的四倍長(zhǎng)。③Abe+倍數(shù)adj/adv比較級(jí)+thanBA比B....幾倍

Chinais96timeslargerthanKorea.

中國(guó)比韓國(guó)大96倍。

4.TheAmazonRiver,fromwhichtherainforestgetsitsname,iscloseto6,400kilometersinlength—roughly100kilometreslongerthantheYangtzeRiver.(L7-L9)

亞馬孫雨林得名于亞馬孫河,亞馬孫河長(zhǎng)接近6400千米,比長(zhǎng)江還長(zhǎng)約100千米。此句是“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行項(xiàng)和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句之間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。Prep.+relativepronouns(which/whom/whom)Thewoman__________youspokeisateacher.Thecity__________helivesisfaraway.ThisisMrGreen,_________factorymyfatherusedtowork.towhominwhichinwhose5.TheygivethisareatherichestbiodiversityontheEarth:oneintenknownspeciesintheworldcanbefoundhere.（L10-L11）這些生態(tài)系統(tǒng)給這個(gè)地區(qū)帶來(lái)了地球上最豐富的生物多樣性：世界上十個(gè)已知物種中就有一個(gè)可以在這里找到。biodiversityn.生物多樣性bio-:生物的；與生物相關(guān)的e.g.biochemist生(物)化學(xué)家biophysics生物物理學(xué)

bioengineering生物工程6.Theforest’sdifferentlevelssupportanunbelievablevarietyofwildlife.(L14-L15)

雨林的不同層次養(yǎng)活的野生動(dòng)物種類多到難以置信。varietyn.(同一事物的)不同種類,多種式樣avarietyof/varietiesof各種各樣的

[U]n.變化;多樣性;多變性e.g.Weallneedvarietyinourdiet.【鏈接】varyv.使某事物有變化,改變某事物；相異,不同,有別varyin...在……方面不同varywith隨著……而變化varyfrom…to…/varybetween...and...由……到……情況不等variousadj.各種各樣的,不同的【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思補(bǔ)全下面句子（每空一詞）。1)

這些花的顏色和大小都不相同，但它們都很漂亮。Theflowers________________________________________butallofthemarebeautiful.2)

這家賓館每個(gè)房間的費(fèi)用由20美元到30美元不等。Thechargeforaroominthishotel________________$20________$30.varyincolourandsize

variesbetweenand7.Abovethatisthemassofleaflitteronthedarkforestfloor.(L16)之上是黑暗森林地面上的大量落葉。介詞短語(yǔ)abovethat放句首，句子用完全倒裝。這樣可以保持句子平衡或使上下文銜接緊密。e.g.Amongthesepeople_______(be)hisfriendJim.

他的朋友吉姆就在這些人當(dāng)中。Bythewindowsatayoungmanwithamagazineinhishand.窗戶邊坐著一個(gè)年輕人，手里拿著一本雜志。massn.

團(tuán),塊,堆

大量;許多

(常指混亂的)一群;一堆【搭配】amassof/massesof大量，許多themassof………中的大多數(shù)themasses群眾

massadj.

大批的,廣泛的e.g.massunemployment大批失業(yè)

massproduction批量生產(chǎn)8.Eachleveloftheforestformsitsownlittleworld,hometodifferentkindsoflivingthings.(L19-L20)

雨林的每一層都形成了自己的小世界，是各種生物的家園。living

adj.活著的；活的e.g.thefinestlivingpianist

當(dāng)世的最杰出的鋼琴家

在使用的;在實(shí)施的e.g.livinglanguages現(xiàn)用語(yǔ)言n.生計(jì);謀生;收入e.g.Whatdoyoudoforaliving?

你靠什么謀生？

生活方式e.g.everydayliving

日常生活

lively/alive/livealiveadj.

活著的

常作表語(yǔ)、后置定語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)Hisgrandparentsarestillalive.（表語(yǔ)）Whoisthegreatestpoetalive?（后置定語(yǔ)）Intheend,twobravesoldierscaughttheenemygeneralalive.（賓補(bǔ)）livelyadj.活潑的,活躍的,生動(dòng)的

作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)Theyfellintoalivelydiscussionofthequestion.HerstoryaboutherlifeinAfricawaslivelyandinteresting.livev.居住；過(guò)……的生活

adj.

活的

與dead相對(duì),一般只作定語(yǔ)

adj.&adv.現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)表演e.g.Thecouplearelivingapeacefullifeinthecountryside.Thisisalivetiger.Don’tgettooclosetoit.Theclubhaslivemusicmostnights.IfthematchisbroadcastliveonCCTV5,weneedn’tgotothestadium.9.Whileasignificantnumberofjaguarssurvivehere,theyareonlyone

elementofthisforest'sfoodchain.(L23-L24)

盡管相當(dāng)多的美洲豹在這里生存,但它們只是這個(gè)雨林食物鏈的一個(gè)要素。survivev.生存;存活,繼續(xù)存在e.g.Ofthesixpeopleinjuredinthecrash,onlytwosurvived.

幸存;幸免于難;艱難度過(guò)

e.g.Thecompanymanagedtosurvivethecrisis.v.比……活(或存在)的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)e.g.Shesurvivedherhusbandbysixyears.10.Thesefrogs,inturn,feedoninsectswhicheatleavesandfruit.(L26-L27)

相應(yīng)地,這些青蛙以昆蟲(chóng)為食,而昆蟲(chóng)則吃樹(shù)葉和水果。inturn:相應(yīng)地,轉(zhuǎn)而,反過(guò)來(lái)

e.g.Increasedproductionwill,inturn,leadtoincreasedprofits.

e.g.Thechildrencalledouttheirnamesinturn.依次【拓展】inone’sturn輪到某人；接著

taketurnstodosth./(in)doingsth.輪流做某事

It’sone’sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事e.g.ItwillbeinTom’sturntobeondutytomorrow.Wetaketurnsmaking/tomakedinner.It'syourturntocleantheblackboard.

byturns交替;輪流(多指兩個(gè)人或兩個(gè)行為之間的交

替進(jìn)行)【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】完成句子。1)It’smyturn_________(deliver)aspeechinpublic.2)Theytookcareoftheirsickfather______turns.3)Thustheyhave,________________(接著),becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.4)Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars,andthis____________(反過(guò)來(lái))createsmoreproblems.todeliverbyintheirturninturn11.Whenajaguardies,atinyarmyofmicroorganismshelpsbreakdownitsbodyandreturnthenutrientstotheearth.(L27-L29)當(dāng)一只美洲豹死亡時(shí)，一小群微生物幫助它分解身體，并將營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)返回土壤。1.breakdown:使(分解)為;使(變化)成e.g.Sugarandstarcharebrokendowninthestomach.

糖和淀粉在胃里被分解。2.(機(jī)器或車(chē)輛)故障;壞掉e.g.Thetelephonesystemhasbrokendown.3.失敗e.g.Negotiationsbetweenthetwosideshavebrokendown.4.被搞垮;跨掉e.g.Herhealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.5.破壞,消除(尤指某種感情或態(tài)度)e.g.breakdownsb.’sshyness驅(qū)除某人的膽怯12.Astheimpactofhumanactivitiescontinuestogrowandthelistofspeciesindangerofextinctionbecomeslonger,weareleftwithaquestion:canweaffordtodamagethe“l(fā)ungsoftheplanet”?(L35-L38)隨著人類活動(dòng)的影響不斷增加，

瀕危物種的名單越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)，

這留給我們一個(gè)問(wèn)題：我們能承擔(dān)得起損害“地球之肺”的后果嗎？【句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析】

as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。從句中and連接兩個(gè)并列句。impactn.

作用,影響haveanimpactonsb./sth對(duì)……有影響e.g.theenvironmentalimpactoftourism

撞擊,沖撞e.g.TheimpactoftheblowknockedJackoffbalance.v.有影響,有作用;沖擊impacton/upon對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響e.g.Herfather'sdeathimpactedgreatlyonherchildhoodyears.damagen.(常與to連用)(有形的