ICS73.060.99

CCSD42

中華人民共和國國家標準

GB/T46596—2025

銅、鉛、鋅和鎳精礦礦漿取樣

Copper，lead，zincandnickelconcentrates—Samplingofslurries

（ISO11794：2017，MOD）

2025?10?31發(fā)布2026?05?01實施

國家市場監(jiān)督管理總局

國家標準化管理委員會發(fā)布

GB/T46596—2025

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·······················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件········································································································1

3術(shù)語和定義··············································································································1

4礦漿取樣原則···········································································································2

4.1一般要求···········································································································2

4.2取制樣誤差········································································································3

4.3取制樣方差和總方差····························································································5

5建立取制樣方案········································································································8

6減小偏差和無偏差的份樣質(zhì)量····················································································12

6.1減小偏差··········································································································12

6.2避免落流取樣器偏差的份樣體積············································································13

7份樣數(shù)量···············································································································13

7.1一般要求··········································································································13

7.2簡化方法··········································································································14

8批樣和副樣所含固體的最小質(zhì)量·················································································14

8.1批樣固體的最小質(zhì)量···························································································14

8.2副樣固體的最小質(zhì)量···························································································14

8.3粒度減小后批樣和副樣固體的最小質(zhì)量···································································14

9時間系統(tǒng)取樣方法···································································································14

9.1一般要求··········································································································14

9.2取樣間隔··········································································································15

9.3取樣器·············································································································15

9.4采取份樣··········································································································15

9.5批樣或副樣的構(gòu)成······························································································15

9.6份樣和副樣的縮分······························································································15

9.7批樣的縮分·······································································································15

9.8縮分的份樣數(shù)量·································································································15

10固定時間間隔內(nèi)的分層隨機抽樣················································································16

11流動礦漿機械取樣··································································································16

11.1一般要求········································································································16

11.2取樣系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計·······························································································16

11.3礦漿樣品取樣器·······························································································17

Ⅰ

GB/T46596—2025

11.4份樣中的固體質(zhì)量····························································································18

11.5初始份樣的數(shù)量·······························································································18

11.6常規(guī)檢查········································································································18

12流動礦漿手工取樣··································································································18

12.1一般要求········································································································18

12.2取樣位置的選取·······························································································18

12.3取樣工具········································································································19

12.4份樣中固體的質(zhì)量····························································································19

12.5初始份樣的數(shù)量·······························································································19

12.6取樣程序········································································································19

13樣品制備··············································································································20

13.1一般要求········································································································20

13.2樣品縮分········································································································20

13.3樣品研磨········································································································20

13.4化學(xué)分析樣品··································································································20

13.5物理測試樣品··································································································20

14樣品包裝和標識·····································································································20

附錄A（資料性）本文件與ISO11794：2017結(jié)構(gòu)編號對照情況············································22

附錄B（規(guī)范性）計算取樣方差和總方差的階段取樣方法····················································23

B.1取樣誤差和取樣方差的組成·················································································23

B.2基本方差的計算································································································24

B.3分離和分組方差································································································25

B.4長期品質(zhì)波動···································································································25

B.5總方差的實際計算·····························································································26

附錄C（資料性）正確的礦漿取樣裝置示例······································································27

附錄D（資料性）不正確的礦漿取樣裝置示例···································································29

附錄E（規(guī)范性）手工取樣工具·····················································································33

參考文獻····················································································································34

Ⅱ

GB/T46596—2025

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標準化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標準化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

本文件修改采用ISO11794：2017《銅、鉛、鋅和鎳精礦礦漿取樣》。

本文件與ISO11794：2017相比，在結(jié)構(gòu)上有較多調(diào)整，兩個文件之間的結(jié)構(gòu)編號變化對照一覽表

見附錄A。

本文件與ISO11794：2017的技術(shù)差異在所涉及的條款的外側(cè)頁邊空白位置用垂直單線（|）進行了

標示。技術(shù)差異及其原因如下：

——用規(guī)范性引用的GB/T27679替換了ISO12744（見第3章、4.3.2、4.3.4），以適應(yīng)我國的技術(shù)

條件，增加可操作性；

——用規(guī)范性引用的GB/T27680替換了ISO13292（見第3章、13.3），以適應(yīng)我國的技術(shù)條件，

增加可操作性；

——增加了“礦漿”的術(shù)語和定義（見3.1），以突出核心術(shù)語的重要性，便于理解；

——更改了4.1“濾液如需分析則宜保留”中“宜”（should）為“應(yīng)”（shall）（見4.1），當濾液需進行分

析時，保留濾液是應(yīng)執(zhí)行的步驟；

——更改了“Vezin取樣器”為“圓形路徑落流式取樣器”（見6.1），以突出其主要結(jié)構(gòu)原理，便于

理解；

——更改了6.1“安裝取樣器后宜定期檢查份樣平均質(zhì)量”中“宜”（should）為“應(yīng)”（shall）（見6.1），

安裝取樣器后定期檢查份樣平均質(zhì)量，是獲取有代表性樣品要求的必要程序；

23ΔΔ1022

——更改了公式（）中“t”為“t′”，“n”為“nl”（見第章），以和公式（）進行區(qū)分；

——更改了圖6中b）、c）圖例順序（見11.2.5），將兩個正確取樣圖例歸類描述，以和不正確取樣圖

例區(qū)分，便于理解；

——刪除了ISO11794：2017中第13章“靜態(tài)礦漿取樣”，因為此內(nèi)容在范圍中已說明，屬于重復(fù)

贅述。

請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機構(gòu)不承擔識別專利的責任。

本文件由中國有色金屬工業(yè)協(xié)會提出。

本文件由全國有色金屬標準化技術(shù)委員會（SAC/TC243）歸口。

本文件起草單位：江西銅業(yè)股份有限公司、金川集團股份有限公司、云南馳宏鋅鍺股份有限公司、

銅陵有色集團股份有限公司、深圳市中金嶺南有色金屬股份有限公司、云南銅業(yè)股份有限公司、紫金礦

業(yè)集團股份有限公司、礦冶科技集團有限公司、大冶有色金屬集團控股有限公司、深圳市中金嶺南有色

金屬股份有限公司凡口鉛鋅礦。

本文件主要起草人：趙桂洪、張波、劉柳、羅鄭瓊、張?zhí)K文、冉興明、陳渭林、趙黎明、劉冠群、沈廣鑫、

肖克平、李顯杰、肖艷中、孟德暑、韋宏偉、李健靈、羅榮根、趙建軍、羅靜、張文斌、辜仕瓊、黃學(xué)峰、陳詩韻、

龔麗、蔡創(chuàng)開、周成、張莉、代鵬、于斌。

Ⅲ

GB/T46596—2025

銅、鉛、鋅和鎳精礦礦漿取樣

警示——本文件可能涉及危險材料、操作和設(shè)備。本文件的使用者有責任在使用前制定適當?shù)慕?/p>

康與安全措施，并確定是否存在其他適用的限制條件。

1范圍

本文件規(guī)定了礦物顆粒與液體（通常是水）混合形成的礦漿的取樣基本方法。在工業(yè)以及采礦和

礦物加工文獻中，礦漿也稱為漿料，但本文件中未使用該術(shù)語。當固體和液體混合比例很高時，物料呈

軟塑狀，這種混合物確切的被稱為膏體，本文件不涉及膏體的取樣。

本文件所述程序適用于以礦漿的形式流動運輸?shù)牡V物顆粒取樣，但不適用于加壓的礦漿。礦漿流

可以是自由瀑落的，也可以通過管道、溜槽、水槽、閘槽、螺旋槽或類似渠道輸送