2025年生態(tài)英文面試題庫和答案

一、單項選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Whatistheprimarycauseofbiodiversityloss?A)ClimatechangeB)HabitatdestructionC)PollutionD)Overpopulation2.Whichofthefollowingisakeyindicatorofecosystemhealth?A)HighpopulationdensityofinvasivespeciesB)LowspeciesdiversityC)BalancednutrientcyclingD)Highlevelsofchemicalpollutants3.Whatisthetermfortheprocessbywhichcarbondioxideisremovedfromtheatmosphereandstoredinplants?A)PhotosynthesisB)RespirationC)DecompositionD)Nitrogenfixation4.Whichecosystemisknownforitshighbiodiversityandcomplexfoodwebs?A)DesertsB)TundraC)CoralreefsD)Grasslands5.Whatisthemainpurposeofawetland?A)ToprovidehabitatforwildlifeB)TogenerateelectricityC)TocultivatecropsD)Toextractminerals6.Whichofthefollowingisamajorthreattocoralreefs?A)OverfishingB)ClimatechangeC)UrbandevelopmentD)Alloftheabove7.Whatisthetermfortheprocessbywhichplantsabsorbwaterandnutrientsfromthesoil?A)TranspirationB)PhotosynthesisC)NutrientcyclingD)Absorption8.Whichofthefollowingisakeycomponentofsustainableagriculture?A)IntensivemonoculturefarmingB)UseofchemicalfertilizersC)CroprotationandorganicfarmingD)Deforestationforfarmland9.Whatisthetermforthenaturalprocessbywhichdeadorganicmatterisbrokendownandconvertedintonutrients?A)PhotosynthesisB)RespirationC)DecompositionD)Nitrogenfixation10.Whichofthefollowingisaprimarybenefitofreforestation?A)IncreasedcarbonsequestrationB)ReducedwateravailabilityC)HighersoilerosionD)Decreasedbiodiversity二、填空題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Thestudyofecosystemsandtheirinteractionswiththeenvironmentisknownas____________.2.Theprocessbywhichplantsconvertlightenergyintochemicalenergyiscalled____________.3.Thetermforthevarietyoflifeinagivenareais____________.4.Thenaturalprocessbywhichcarbonisstoredinplantsandsoilsis____________.5.Thetermforthelossofbiodiversityduetohumanactivitiesis____________.6.Theecosystemcharacterizedbyextremetemperaturesandlowprecipitationis____________.7.Thetermfortheprocessbywhichwatermovesthroughtheenvironmentis____________.8.Thepracticeofgrowingmultiplecropsinasingleyearonthesamelandiscalled____________.9.Thenaturalprocessbywhichdeadorganicmatterisbrokendownis____________.10.Thetermfortherestorationofforestsondegradedlandis____________.三、判斷題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Climatechangeisprimarilycausedbynaturalfactorssuchasvolcaniceruptions.2.Habitatdestructionisoneofthemaincausesofbiodiversityloss.3.Photosynthesisoccursinanimals,notplants.4.Coralreefsarefoundinbothfreshwaterandsaltwaterenvironments.5.Wetlandsareimportantforfloodcontrolandwaterpurification.6.Overpopulationisnotasignificantthreattoecosystems.7.Sustainableagriculturepracticeshelptopreservesoilhealth.8.Reforestationcanhelptomitigateclimatechange.9.Decompositionisessentialfornutrientcyclinginecosystems.10.Biodiversityishigherinaquaticecosystemsthaninterrestrialecosystems.四、簡答題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Describetheroleofwetlandsinmaintainingecosystemhealth.2.Explaintheconceptofcarbonsequestrationanditsimportanceinmitigatingclimatechange.3.Discusstheimpactofclimatechangeonbiodiversityandsuggestwaystomitigatetheseimpacts.4.Explainthebenefitsofsustainableagriculturepracticesandhowtheycontributetoenvironmentalconservation.五、討論題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Discussthecausesandconsequencesofbiodiversitylossinecosystems.2.Analyzetheroleofcoralreefsinmarineecosystemsandthethreatstheyface.3.Discusstheimportanceofwetlandsinmaintainingwaterqualityandtheircurrentconservationstatus.4.Analyzetheimpactofhumanactivitiesonecosystemsandsuggeststrategiesforsustainableenvironmentalmanagement.答案和解析一、單項選擇題答案1.B2.C3.A4.C5.A6.D7.D8.C9.C10.A二、填空題答案1.Ecology2.Photosynthesis3.Biodiversity4.Carbonsequestration5.Habitatdestruction6.Deserts7.Hydrologiccycle8.Croprotation9.Decomposition10.Reforestation三、判斷題答案1.False2.True3.False4.False5.True6.False7.True8.True9.True10.False四、簡答題答案1.Wetlandsplayacrucialroleinmaintainingecosystemhealthbyactingasnaturalwaterfilters,providinghabitatforavarietyofspecies,andhelpingtocontrolflooding.Theyalsocontributetocarbonsequestrationandnutrientcycling.2.Carbonsequestrationistheprocessbywhichcarbondioxideisremovedfromtheatmosphereandstoredinplants,soils,andothercarbonreservoirs.Itisimportantinmitigatingclimatechangebecauseitreducestheconcentrationofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere,therebyslowingdownglobalwarming.3.Climatechangeimpactsbiodiversitybyalteringhabitats,causingspeciesextinction,anddisruptingecosystems.Tomitigatetheseimpacts,strategiessuchasreducinggreenhousegasemissions,protectingnaturalhabitats,andimplementingclimate-resilientconservationpracticesareessential.4.Sustainableagriculturepractices,suchascroprotation,organicfarming,andreduceduseofchemicalfertilizers,helptopreservesoilhealth,reducepollution,andmaintainbiodiversity.Thesepracticescontributetoenvironmentalconservationbypromotingecologicalbalanceandresourceefficiency.五、討論題答案1.Biodiversitylossiscausedbyfactorssuchashabitatdestruction,pollution,climatechange,andinvasivespecies.Theconsequencesincludereducedecosystemresilience,lossofecosystemservices,andincreasedriskofextinctionofspecies.2.Coralreefsarevitalmarineecosystemsthatprovidehabitatfornumerousspecies,supportfisheries,andprotectcoastlines.Threatstocoralreefsincludeclimate