第1頁（共1頁）2025-2026學年廣東省廣州五中高三（上）段考英語試卷（12月份）第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié);滿分37.5分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。（7.5分）Recommendationsregardingphysicalactivityfordifferenttargetgroups.Notethatadditionalhealtheffectscanbeachievedif，inadditiontotheserecommendations，theamountofphysicalactivityincreases，eitherbyincreasingtheintensityordurationoracombinationofboth.TargetGroupRecommendationsPurposeChildrenandyouthAge6﹣17yearsAtleast60minutesdailyphysicalactivityisrecommended.Longerisbetter.Thephysicalactivityshouldbeprimarilyofaerobic（有氧的）natureandtheintensitymoderate（easy/mediumpulseincrease）tohigh（markedpulseincrease）.Aerobicphysicalactivityathighintensityatleast3timesaweek.Muscle﹣strengtheningphysicalactivity3timesaweek.Weight﹣bearingactivity，suchasrunningandjumping，ispositiveforbonemineraldensity.Developmentofmusclesandskeletalandnervoussystem.Maintainahealthyweightandagoodmentalhealth.Socialdevelopment，integration，goodself﹣esteem，andself﹣confidence.Enhancedlearningability.TargetGroupRecommendationsPurposeAdultsAge18﹣64Theseadultsarerecommendedtobeaerobicallyphysicallyactiveatleast150minutesaweekatamoderateintensity（mediumpulseincrease），ormorethan75minutesperweekatvigorousintensity（markedpulseincrease）.Theactivitiesshouldbedistributedoveratleastthreeseparatedays.Muscle﹣strengtheningphysicalactivityatleasttwiceaweekshouldbeperformed.Improvementsinaerobicworkcapacityandmusclestrength.Lowerriskofdisease，suchasdisturbedmetabolism（新陳代謝）andcertaincancersandbonefractures.ElderlyAge＞64Samerecommendationsastheaboveadults.Musclestrengtheningexercisesshouldbeperformedatahighspeed，ifpossible.Balancetrainingshouldbeincorporatedpriortoaerobicandmusclestrengtheningtraining.Individualswithimpairedabilityshouldperformasmuchexerciseaspossible.Improvementsinaerobicworkcapacity，musclestrength，andbalance.Medicaladvicemayberequiredbeforestartinganexerciseprogram.Betterfunctionalhealthandindependence.1.Accordingtotheauthor，howcanwebenefitmorefromexercise？A.Byavoidingphysicalcontact.B.Bylengtheningthetimeofexercise.C.Bykeepingexerciseroutinesunchanged.D.Byseekingmedicaladvicebeforeworkout.2.Whichbenefitofexerciseisspecifictochildrenandyouth？A.Loweringriskofdisease.B.Strengtheningmuscles.C.Buildingself﹣confidence.D.Speedingmetabolism.3.Whatisrecommendedforadults'aerobicexercise？A.Performingitcontinuouslywithoutbreaks.B.Exercisingatleastthreedaysperweek.C.Keepingthesameintensityallweek.D.Doingbalancetrainingbeforehand.（10分）Atnineyearsold，Ididn'trealizehowextraordinaryitwasformeandmygrandmothertotravelfromourBlackneighborhoodtothemainlywhiteRevereBeach.WhileBlackfamiliesstayedtogetherinonesection，rarelyventuringoutalone，mygrandmotherstoodout—confidentandathleticwhileswimming，unliketheotherwomenworriedabouttheirhairorsuits.Shewouldcarrymeonherbackintotheocean，movingsteadilyalongthetide.Ifollowedmygrandmother'sstrongmotions，thrilledbythewildseaandherfearlessness.Iadmiredhowsheseemedborntothewater，emerginglikeaqueen—proud，radiant，andbenevolent.SummermadeourBlackbodiesmorevisibleandvulnerableagainstnarrowculturalideals，butmygrandmothernevernoticed.Shefocusedonteachingmetoswim—askillthatseemedunnecessarytosome，asthepopularmedianeverportrayedthe"greatoutdoors"asawelcomingplaceforBlackpeople.Itwasseenasaspacewherewemightfeeluncomfortableoreventhreatened.Buttome，thoseperceptionsdidn'tmatter.WhenIfinallylearnedtoswim，itfeltlikeIhadunlockedaprofoundandpersonalsecretofstrengthandfreedom.IoncewonderedwhyenslavedAfricansdidn'tjumpfromshipsnearshoreandswimtofreedom.LaterIlearnedthatmostcoastalwatersinWestAfricawerefilledwithpoisonousfish，makingswimminguncommonanddangerous.Now，wheneverIentertheocean，Iremembermyancestorsforwhomtheseawasaplaceofterrorratherthanfreedom.Onlyaftermygrandmother'sdeathdidIlearnshewasn'tastrongswimmerherself.Shehadbeenbrushingtheoceanfloorwithherfeetallalong，keepingusafloatwhileteachingmerhythmandtrust.Herquietdeceptionwasnotaliebutaprofoundactofbraveryandcourage.Thoughshehadn'tmastereditherself，mygrandmotherwasdeterminedtoteachmetoswim—notforthestrokes，butforthestrengthandself﹣beliefthatwouldkeepmeafloatinlife.4.Howwasthegrandmotherdifferentfromotherwomenatthebeach？A.ShestayedwithBlackfamiliesonly.B.Sheavoidedgettingherhairandsuitswet.C.Sheseemedtoswimwitheaseandstrength.D.Shestoodoutsideoftheswimmingsection.5.WhatdoestheauthorrealizeaboutAfricanslaves？A.Theywerepoisonousbyseacreatures.B.Theydidn'tenjoyoutdooractivities.C.Theyrarelyswamduetonaturaldangers.D.Theycouldhaveeasilyescapedbyswimming.6.Whydidthegrandmotherteachtheauthortoswim？A.Tochallengeherlimits.B.Tobuildherconfidence.C.Toprepareherfordangersatsea.D.ToproveBlackpeoplecouldswim.7.Whichtitlebestsuitsthepassage？A.OvercomingFearsatRevereBeachB.ASummerThatChangedMyChildhoodC.BreakingSelf﹣DoubtandCulturalBiasD.Grandmother'sEmpoweringLessons（10分）Addinglegstorobotsthathaveminimalawarenessoftheenvironmentaroundthemcanhelptherobotsoperatemoreeffectivelyindifficultenvironment，mycolleaguesandIfound.WewereinspiredbyClaudeShannon'scommunicationtheory，whichshowedthatrepeatedinformationcanensurereliabilitywhensendingmessagesthroughnoisycommunicationchannels.Wewonderedifthesameprinciplecouldhelpmovegoodsviarobot.Thatis，ifwewanttotransportgoodsover"noisy"environment，sayfallentreesandlargerocks，inareasonableamountoftime，couldwedoitbyjustaddinglegstotherobotanddosowithoutexpensivesensorsandcameras？Ourideawastoforgetaboutsensingaltogetherandreplaceitwiththesimpleactoftakingrepeatedsteps.Ouranalysissuggestedthiscouldprovidereliableandpredictablemovement.Totestourhypothesis，webuiltrobotsinspiredbycentipedes（蜈蚣）andgraduallyincreasedtheirlegsfromsixtosixteen.Themorelegsweadded，thebettertherobotsmovedoverunevensurfaces.Wethentriedoutdoortestsonrealground.Evenwithoutsensors，themany﹣leggedrobotsshowedimpressiveflexibility.Thisgivesthempotentialusesinagriculture，spaceexploration，andsearch﹣and﹣rescuework.Transportinggoodsisessentialtomodernsociety.Otherresearchersarebuildingincreasinglyintelligenthumanoidrobots.Butsuchmachinesdependheavilyonaccuratesensorstoknowwheretheyareandwhatliesahead，limitingtheminunpredictableenvironments.Insearch﹣and﹣rescueoperations，forexample，sensorscanbedamagedandsurroundingscanchangesuddenly.Wehavealreadyappliedourfindingstothefieldofcropfarmingbyfoundingacompanythatusestheserobotstoefficientlyweedfarmland.Aswecontinuetoadvancethistechnology，wearefocusedonrefiningtherobot'sdesignandfunctionality.Theteam'snextstepistodeterminetheidealnumberoflegstobalancetheperformanceandcost.Sofar，weknowthattwelvelegsaretheminimumforeffectivemovementwithoutsensing，butwearestillexploringtheperfectnumber.Ourworkshowsthatdealingwithdifficultenvironmentcanbeassimpleastakingitonestepatatime—providedyouhaveenoughlegs.Byfocusingonmotionratherthanhigh﹣techsensing，wemayopenthedoortorobotsthatcangowhereotherscannot.8.Whatledtheteamtotheirrobotdesign？A.More﹣is﹣bettercommunicationtheory.B.Repetitioninhumanoidrobotstests.C.Roadsandtracksforeasiertransport.D.Strongermotorsforroughsurface.9.Whatadvantagedomany﹣leggedrobotshaveoverhumanoidrobots？A.Theycancarryheavierloads.B.Theytakelesstimetoproduce.C.Theyarereliableevenwithoutsensors.D.Theymovestablyonunevensurfaces.10.Whatisthenextgoaloftheauthorandhisteam？A.Reducetherobot'slegsforbetterperformance.B.Testtherobotwithmorefarmingcompanies.C.Adapttherobotforspaceexploration.D.Improvetherobot'sdesigntoboostefficiency.11.Whatideadoestheauthorsuggestinthelastparagraph？A.Robotswithlegscanhandleallsituations.B.Biologicalinspirationiskeytorobotdesign.C.Progressreliesonrethinkingbasicprinciples.D.Simplicitycantacklecomplexproblems.（10分）Thecommonfearthatafriendsecretlydislikesusoftenreflectsinternalinsecuritiesratherthanactualillwill.Peoplefrequentlyinterpretneutralorunclearbehaviors—suchasbrieftextrepliesordelayedresponses—assignsofrejection.Evenwell﹣meaningwordsofcomfortlike"noworries"maybeperceivedasmockingorinsincere.Thistendencycanbeexplainedthroughwhatisknownasthefawnresponse，abehavioralpatternlessrecognizedthanthe"fightorflight"reaction.Thefawnresponseinvolvesattemptstopleaseothersinordertofeelsafe，astrategyoftendevelopedinchildhoodwhenfacingcriticaloremotionallyneglectfulparents，oranunstablehomeenvironment.Whilethisstrategymayeaseconflicttemporarily，itcanalsoleadtoahabitualcycleofapproval﹣seeking.Wemightintellectuallyunderstandthatafriendisn'tupsetwithus—butthose"oldwaysofbeing"bitehard.Somethingwaslearnedearlyon："Ineedtotryharderanddomoretobeloved."Thispatternhasseveralconsequences.Onthepersonallevel，itfuelsanxiety，asindividualsrepeatedlyquestionwhethertheyhaveoffendedtheirpeers.Ontheinterpersonallevel，itcanstrainrelationships，sinceconstantdemandsforreassurancemayfrustratefriendsandevencreatetheveryrejectionthatwasworriedabout.Inthisway，assumingeveryoneisannoyedwithyoucanbecomeaself﹣fulfillingprophecy.Thekeyisunderstandingthatitisnottheendoftheworld—orafriendship.Conflictisnotonlyunavoidable；itcanevenbehealing，demonstratingthatintimacycansurvivedifference.Learningtotoleratediscomfort，ratherthanavoidingitatallcosts，canfosterbothtoughnessandcloseness.Socialmedia，unfortunately，worsenssocialanxiety.Theabsenceofnonverbalcuesmakesiteasytomisinterprettone，whiletheconstantvisibilityofonlineinteractionscanintensifyfeelingsofexclusionorneglect.Managingtheseanxietiesrequiresconsciouseffort.Insteadofseekingimmediatereassurance，individualscanpausetoask：AmItrulybeingrejected，oramIsimplyanxious？Developingtoleranceforuncertaintycaninterruptthecycleandreducedependenceonothers'approval.Trustalsoplaysarole.Whenfriendssaytheyaresimplybusyordistracted，accepttheirwordsatfacevalue.Afterall，noquestionormagicphrasecancontrolanotherperson'sperception.Evenifitcould，youmightberobbingyourselfofopportunitiestogrow，learnordeepenabond.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefawnresponse？A.Itreflectsthebeliefthatapprovalrequireseffort.B.Itisareactionaimedatavoidingdanger.C.Itisacycleofseekingconstantapproval.D.Italwayspreventsconflictfromoccurring.13.Whatdoes"aself﹣fulfillingprophecy"inparagraph3mean？A.Apatternthattriestoentertainothers.B.Anoutcomethathappensasfeared.C.Apredictionthatiscertaintofail.D.Abeliefthatoneisself﹣made.14.Accordingtotheauthor，conflictinarelationshipcanbe.A.asignofagrowingdisagreementB.achancetostrengthenafriendshipC.aproblemthatshouldbeavoidedD.awaytotestitstoughness15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout？A.Wherefriendshipproblemslie.B.Whymagicwordsfailtodowonders.C.Howtohandleanxietycausedbysocialmedia.D.Whatleadspeopletoseekconstantreassurance.第二節(jié)(共1小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)（12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ASongforLove—AnApewithanAppTwowildapeshaveaprofessorandapopstartoactashigh﹣techmatchmakers（紅娘）!16Ouryoungwould﹣beloversareSkywalkerGibbons（天行者長臂猿），anewapespeciesannouncedin2017.WithonlyahandfulleftintheGaoligongMountainsontheChina﹣Myanmarborder，everycouplematters.Singingiscentraltoagibbon'slife，andtheircallscantravelformiles.Deepinthejungle，alonefemalesingseachmorning，inthehopeofwinningalife﹣longpartner.Asinglemalelivestwentymilesaway—buttheycan'tfindeachotheroverthelongdistance.17Withouthelp，theymayneverfindeachother.Thathelpcomesfromanunlikelyduo：BeijingpopstarXingyuLeeandProfessorFan，leaderoftheresearchteamonSkywalkerGibbons.Theyhavedesignedandbuiltasystemofmicrophonesandspeakersthatlinktwolocationsacrossthejungle.18Inhumanterms，theyhaveaneffectivedatingapp—andithasthegibbonscientistsoftheworldbuzzing.ProfessorFanisdeterminedtomakeanall﹣wildmatch.19Theyduet（二重唱），andasonegibbonsearchesfortheother，drawnbythesongs，F(xiàn)anandLeemovethespeakers，andguidethegibbonsthroughthejunglemazeuntiltheyarewithinnaturalearshot.20Thelandscapeissteep，andtheequipmentmustbemovedagainandagaintoguidethesingerscloser.ScientistslikeFanworkswithlocalvillagers，evenpoachersandcityengineerstokeepthesystemrunninginthewild.Theprojectbecomesararepartnershipbetweenpeoplewhooncelivedofftheforestandthosewhonowseektosaveit.Thankstoadatingappandawildlovesongdownthetelephone，thetwoSkywalkerGibbonsarenowabouttomeet—amatchthatcoulddeterminethefutureofaspecies.A.Still，manychallengesremain.B.Forthefirsttime，wildgibbonscansingtogether.C.ProfessorFanhasspentmanyyearsstudyingrareapes.D.Inafirstattempt，heconnectsawildpairbytelephone.E.It'sacrisisforararespecies，andcallsforanimmediatesolution.F.Despitethechallenges，villagersandengineersworkhandinhand.G.Thestoryisasdramaticasanyoperaandmaydecidethefutureofaspecies.第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié);滿分15分)第一節(jié)(共1小題;每小題15分，滿分15分)（15分）閱讀下面短文，從各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Itwasalittleafterthemorningrushhour.Suddenly，inthemiddleofthebusieststreetinHarar，atowninEthiopia，loudcarhonks（喇叭聲）andscreamsofpassersby21theair.Awomanhadunconsciouslywalkedintooncoming22.Shockedbyheractions，thepolicenearbyrantoherrescue.Samiya，themotherofthreeyoungchildren，waspulledoutofthewayand23facednosevereinjuries.Astherealityofthesituationbeganto24her，Samiyasatbytheroadsideintears，strugglingtorespondtothequestiononeveryone'smind："Why？"Theanswertothatquestionlayinthedaysbeforethatmorning.ItwasChristmasDay，andwhileotherswerecelebratingtheholidaywith25，Samiyasatandwatchedasherthreechildrenatethe26ofthefoodtheyhadinthehouse.Samiyasatsilently，anxiousabouthowtoprovidetheirnextmeal.Dinnertimecamequickly，andthechildrensilentlyfilledtheirstomachswith27andwenttosleep.Theyneveraskedforfoodandneverutteredawordof28."Thefactthattheydidn't29askmeforfoodbrokemyheartmorethanthattherewasnothingIcouldgivethemfordinner，"saidSamiya."Mylastborneventoldmehisstomachwasstill30fromthefoodhehadinthemorning."Heartbrokenbut31tochangeherfamily'ssituation，Samiyaandherchildrenwenttobedhungry.Thenextday，Samiyawasupearlytoreturntoher32atthelocalmarketsellingherballeavesshehadcollectedearlier.However，thatday33tobeworsethanever；shesoldnothingandearnednothing.Herchildrenwenttobedwithonlywaterintheirstomachsyetagain."Whattorturedmethemostwasmychildren's34.Iwishedtheywouldcomplain，cryorevengototheneighbourstoaskforfood，"saidSamiya.Fortunately，herstoryreachedthepublic，andthedonationsindifferentformsprovidedawayoutofher35situationwithoutitendingintragedy.21.A.refreshedB.filledC.frozeD.polluted22.A.stormB.crowdC.trafficD.attack23.A.worryinglyB.satisfyinglyC.remarkablyD.disappointingly24.A.dawnonB.accountforC.stickwithD.appealto25.A.travellingB.shoppingC.gatheringD.feasting26.A.bestB.lastC.plainestD.least27.A.milkB.breadC.waterD.potato28.A.warningB.complaintC.adviceD.apology29.A.stillB.quiteC.reallyD.even30.A.fullB.painfulC.emptyD.upset31.A.embarrassedB.gratefulC.helplessD.curious32.A.standB.trainingC.studyD.table33.A.stoppedB.provedC.tendedD.promised34.A.braveryB.innocenceC.generosityD.silence35.A.promisingB.sensitiveC.desperateD.expected第二節(jié)(共1小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)（15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Some4，000yearsago，theLiangzhuculture，knownforitssophisticatedcityofcanals36（call）"China'sVeniceoftheStoneAge，"suddenlydisappeared.Historiansdebatedwhetherwar，disease，orstarvationcauseditscollapse，butrecentresearchpointstoclimatechange37akeyfactor.LocatedneartheEastChinaSea，Liangzhu38（be）hometoanadvancedStoneAgecivilizationforabout1，000years，supportinganactiveagriculturalsystemthroughitscanals.LiangzhuCitywaslistedas39UNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2019.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofInnsbruckhadlongsoughttoexplain40Liangzhuwasabandoned，andthediscoveryofathinlayerofclayontheruinssuggestedapossibleconnectionbetweentheendsoftheadvancedcivilization41floodsoftheYangtzeRiverorfloodsfromtheEastChinaSea.However，noclearconclusionsonthecausewerepossiblefromthemudlayer42（it）.Abreakthroughcamewhenscientistsstudiedstalagmites（石筍）fromtwonearbyunderwatercaves.AsDr.PeterDockrillreportedforScienceAlert，theirteamdiscoveredchemicalsignaturesfromabout4，300yearsagothatshowedextremelyhighrainfall，43（probable）causedbythe44（warm）ofoceanwatersinthePacific—aneventknownastheElNi?o（厄爾尼諾）.ThestudynotesthatwetconditionslastedforseveralhundredyearsfollowingthecollapseofLiangzhu，eventuallypavingthewayfortheriseoftheXiadynastyin2070B.C.E.Itscelebrated45（found），YutheGreat，introducedmoreextensiveflood﹣controlmethodsandisknownasthe"TameroftheFlood."第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié);滿分15分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46．（15分）假定你是校英文報記者，擬報道學校剛組織的秋季自然觀察研學，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動的時間、地點；2.活動內(nèi)容；3.活動意義。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為100個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。ExploringNatureinAutumn____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47．（25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Witheverystep，mylegstrembledlikeloosesprings.Thecoldbitthroughmylayersofclothing，andthewindwhistledstrangelyacrossthesteep，rockyfaceofthemountain.Negativethoughtscrowdedmymind，echoingwitheverylaboredbreath：You'retoofat，toounfit—afoolforeventryingthis.Theweightoftheclimbfeltlessphysicalthanemotional，asthougheachdoubtwereanotherstoneinmypack.Anhourintotheclimb，Iwasfinished—physicallybroken，mentallydefeated.ItoldSarah，oneoftheorganizers，thatIneededtoturnback.Herresponsestuckwithme："Thatdoesn'tsoundlikethemanwhofinishedtheMarathon.Keepgoing.Youcandoit."Thosewordsdidsomethingmagic.AndsoIcontinued，placingoneheavyfootslowlyinfrontoftheother，myworldnarrowedtothenextstep，andthenext.By2a.m.，sittingonacoldrockwithsweatfreezingbeneathmyclothes，IfeltIhadbittenoffmorethanIcouldchew—thismountainwastoomuchforme.Angerbegantobuild—anoldcompanion，butthistimeIchanneleditintodetermination.Istoodupandtoldmyguide，"Let'sgo."Henodded，thensilentlyhandedmeasmallbottleofhotwater—thefirstrealgestureofwarmthhehadofferedbeyondhisnecessaryinstructionssincewestarted.Thenthetearscame.Icrieduncontrollably，hidingmyfreezingfaceundermyhat.Forhours，Iclimbedmechanicallyoversnow﹣coveredrocks，complainingaboutthepain，laughingathowridiculousitallwas，fallingmorethanonce，butalwaysrepeatingtomyself：Justonemorestep.Youstillhaveachance.Andthen，throughthewind，Icaughtaglimpseofdistantglaciers（冰川），theiredgesglowingfaintlyeveninthedeepdark，asilentpromisethatthesunrisewasonitsway.注意：（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；（2）請按照如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Twohoursfromthetop，Imetclimbersheadingdown._____Atthetop，asIstruggledwithmycameraforaphoto，myguideheldouthishand._____

2025-2026學年廣東省廣州五中高三（上）段考英語試卷（12月份）參考答案與試題解析第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié);滿分37.5分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。（7.5分）Recommendationsregardingphysicalactivityfordifferenttargetgroups.Notethatadditionalhealtheffectscanbeachievedif，inadditiontotheserecommendations，theamountofphysicalactivityincreases，eitherbyincreasingtheintensityordurationoracombinationofboth.TargetGroupRecommendationsPurposeChildrenandyouthAge6﹣17yearsAtleast60minutesdailyphysicalactivityisrecommended.Longerisbetter.Thephysicalactivityshouldbeprimarilyofaerobic（有氧的）natureandtheintensitymoderate（easy/mediumpulseincrease）tohigh（markedpulseincrease）.Aerobicphysicalactivityathighintensityatleast3timesaweek.Muscle﹣strengtheningphysicalactivity3timesaweek.Weight﹣bearingactivity，suchasrunningandjumping，ispositiveforbonemineraldensity.Developmentofmusclesandskeletalandnervoussystem.Maintainahealthyweightandagoodmentalhealth.Socialdevelopment，integration，goodself﹣esteem，andself﹣confidence.Enhancedlearningability.TargetGroupRecommendationsPurposeAdultsAge18﹣64Theseadultsarerecommendedtobeaerobicallyphysicallyactiveatleast150minutesaweekatamoderateintensity（mediumpulseincrease），ormorethan75minutesperweekatvigorousintensity（markedpulseincrease）.Theactivitiesshouldbedistributedoveratleastthreeseparatedays.Muscle﹣strengtheningphysicalactivityatleasttwiceaweekshouldbeperformed.Improvementsinaerobicworkcapacityandmusclestrength.Lowerriskofdisease，suchasdisturbedmetabolism（新陳代謝）andcertaincancersandbonefractures.ElderlyAge＞64Samerecommendationsastheaboveadults.Musclestrengtheningexercisesshouldbeperformedatahighspeed，ifpossible.Balancetrainingshouldbeincorporatedpriortoaerobicandmusclestrengtheningtraining.Individualswithimpairedabilityshouldperformasmuchexerciseaspossible.Improvementsinaerobicworkcapacity，musclestrength，andbalance.Medicaladvicemayberequiredbeforestartinganexerciseprogram.Betterfunctionalhealthandindependence.1.Accordingtotheauthor，howcanwebenefitmorefromexercise？BA.Byavoidingphysicalcontact.B.Bylengtheningthetimeofexercise.C.Bykeepingexerciseroutinesunchanged.D.Byseekingmedicaladvicebeforeworkout.2.Whichbenefitofexerciseisspecifictochildrenandyouth？CA.Loweringriskofdisease.B.Strengtheningmuscles.C.Buildingself﹣confidence.D.Speedingmetabolism.3.Whatisrecommendedforadults'aerobicexercise？BA.Performingitcontinuouslywithoutbreaks.B.Exercisingatleastthreedaysperweek.C.Keepingthesameintensityallweek.D.Doingbalancetrainingbeforehand.【解答】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Notethatadditionalhealtheffectscanbeachievedif，inadditiontotheserecommendations，theamountofphysicalactivityincreases，eitherbyincreasingtheintensityordurationoracombinationofboth（請注意，除了這些建議外，如果通過增加強度或持續(xù)時間或兩者結合來增加身體活動的量，就可以獲得額外的健康效果）可知，通過增加持續(xù)的時間，我們可以從鍛煉中獲得更多益處。故選B。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格里ChildrenandyouthAge6﹣17years和Purpose的交叉部分Socialdevelopment（社會發(fā)展），integration（融入），goodself﹣esteem（良好的自尊），self﹣confidence（自信），并且對比其他表格的內(nèi)容可知，建立自信是兒童和青少年特有的鍛煉益處。故選C。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AdultsAge18﹣64和Recommendations的交叉部分Theactivitiesshouldbedistributedoveratleastthreeseparatedays（這些活動應該至少在三天內(nèi)分開進行）可知，成年人被建議每周至少鍛煉三天。故選B。（10分）Atnineyearsold，Ididn'trealizehowextraordinaryitwasformeandmygrandmothertotravelfromourBlackneighborhoodtothemainlywhiteRevereBeach.WhileBlackfamiliesstayedtogetherinonesection，rarelyventuringoutalone，mygrandmotherstoodout—confidentandathleticwhileswimming，unliketheotherwomenworriedabouttheirhairorsuits.Shewouldcarrymeonherbackintotheocean，movingsteadilyalongthetide.Ifollowedmygrandmother'sstrongmotions，thrilledbythewildseaandherfearlessness.Iadmiredhowsheseemedborntothewater，emerginglikeaqueen—proud，radiant，andbenevolent.SummermadeourBlackbodiesmorevisibleandvulnerableagainstnarrowculturalideals，butmygrandmothernevernoticed.Shefocusedonteachingmetoswim—askillthatseemedunnecessarytosome，asthepopularmedianeverportrayedthe"greatoutdoors"asawelcomingplaceforBlackpeople.Itwasseenasaspacewherewemightfeeluncomfortableoreventhreatened.Buttome，thoseperceptionsdidn'tmatter.WhenIfinallylearnedtoswim，itfeltlikeIhadunlockedaprofoundandpersonalsecretofstrengthandfreedom.IoncewonderedwhyenslavedAfricansdidn'tjumpfromshipsnearshoreandswimtofreedom.LaterIlearnedthatmostcoastalwatersinWestAfricawerefilledwithpoisonousfish，makingswimminguncommonanddangerous.Now，wheneverIentertheocean，Iremembermyancestorsforwhomtheseawasaplaceofterrorratherthanfreedom.Onlyaftermygrandmother'sdeathdidIlearnshewasn'tastrongswimmerherself.Shehadbeenbrushingtheoceanfloorwithherfeetallalong，keepingusafloatwhileteachingmerhythmandtrust.Herquietdeceptionwasnotaliebutaprofoundactofbraveryandcourage.Thoughshehadn'tmastereditherself，mygrandmotherwasdeterminedtoteachmetoswim—notforthestrokes，butforthestrengthandself﹣beliefthatwouldkeepmeafloatinlife.4.Howwasthegrandmotherdifferentfromotherwomenatthebeach？CA.ShestayedwithBlackfamiliesonly.B.Sheavoidedgettingherhairandsuitswet.C.Sheseemedtoswimwitheaseandstrength.D.Shestoodoutsideoftheswimmingsection.5.WhatdoestheauthorrealizeaboutAfricanslaves？CA.Theywerepoisonousbyseacreatures.B.Theydidn'tenjoyoutdooractivities.C.Theyrarelyswamduetonaturaldangers.D.Theycouldhaveeasilyescapedbyswimming.6.Whydidthegrandmotherteachtheauthortoswim？BA.Tochallengeherlimits.B.Tobuildherconfidence.C.Toprepare