初中階段是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法體系構(gòu)建的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，特殊疑問(wèn)句作為“精準(zhǔn)提問(wèn)”的核心語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)，既是日常交流的實(shí)用工具，也是各類考試的高頻考點(diǎn)。從詢問(wèn)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)表達(dá)，到辨析事物、原因的復(fù)雜語(yǔ)境，特殊疑問(wèn)句的靈活運(yùn)用直接反映了語(yǔ)言邏輯的清晰度。本次專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練將從核心知識(shí)梳理、分題型突破、綜合能力提升三個(gè)維度展開(kāi)，幫助同學(xué)們系統(tǒng)掌握這一語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)。一、特殊疑問(wèn)句核心知識(shí)回顧特殊疑問(wèn)句是對(duì)句子中某一成分（如主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等）進(jìn)行提問(wèn)的疑問(wèn)句，不能用“yes/no”回答，需根據(jù)提問(wèn)內(nèi)容選擇對(duì)應(yīng)的疑問(wèn)詞，并調(diào)整句子語(yǔ)序。1.疑問(wèn)詞分類（初中階段重點(diǎn)）疑問(wèn)代詞：what（事物/職業(yè)）、who（人，主格）、whom（人，賓格）、whose（所屬關(guān)系）、which（選擇/限定范圍內(nèi)的事物）疑問(wèn)副詞：when（時(shí)間）、where（地點(diǎn)）、why（原因）、how（方式/程度），以及how衍生的疑問(wèn)短語(yǔ)（howold年齡、howlong時(shí)長(zhǎng)/長(zhǎng)度、howfar距離、howoften頻率、howsoon多久之后等）2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)主語(yǔ)/主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：疑問(wèn)詞（+定語(yǔ)）+謂語(yǔ)+其他？（例：*Whobrokethewindow?*/*Whosebookisonthedesk?*）對(duì)其他成分提問(wèn)：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？（例：*Whatdidyoubuyyesterday?*/*Howdoesshegotoschool?*）二、分類型專項(xiàng)突破訓(xùn)練（一）疑問(wèn)詞“精準(zhǔn)匹配”訓(xùn)練→核心邏輯：根據(jù)答語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容類型（事物、人、時(shí)間、方式等）選擇疑問(wèn)詞?！纠}1】—______isyournewclassmatefrom?—She’sfromCanada.解析：答語(yǔ)“fromCanada”是地點(diǎn)，對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問(wèn)用*where*，故填*Where*?！纠}2】—______doyouvisityourgrandparents?—Twiceamonth.解析：答語(yǔ)“Twiceamonth”是頻率，對(duì)頻率提問(wèn)用*howoften*，故填*Howoften*。練習(xí)題1：根據(jù)答語(yǔ)補(bǔ)全疑問(wèn)詞（每空一詞）1.—______isyourEnglishteacher?—MissLi.（答語(yǔ)是人，主格，用*Who*）2.—______isyourschoolbag?—It’sblack.（答語(yǔ)是顏色，用*Whatcolor*）3.—______didyoustayinBeijing?—Foraweek.（答語(yǔ)是時(shí)長(zhǎng)，用*Howlong*）4.—______seasondoyoulikebest?—Autumn.（限定范圍內(nèi)選擇，用*Which*）5.—______isthelibrary?—It’snexttotheplayground.（地點(diǎn)，用*Where*）（二）語(yǔ)序轉(zhuǎn)換與句式改寫(xiě)訓(xùn)練→核心邏輯：將陳述句改為特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，需先確定疑問(wèn)詞，再將剩余部分變?yōu)椤耙话阋蓡?wèn)句語(yǔ)序”（注意時(shí)態(tài)、助動(dòng)詞的使用）?！纠}3】原句：*Tomplaysbasketballafterschool.*（對(duì)“afterschool”提問(wèn)）步驟：①確定疑問(wèn)詞：afterschool是時(shí)間，用*when*；②原句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)Tom是三單，變一般疑問(wèn)句需加助動(dòng)詞*does*，動(dòng)詞*plays*還原為*play*；③組合：*WhendoesTomplaybasketball?*【例題4】原句：*Thebluedressis100yuan.*（對(duì)“100yuan”提問(wèn)）步驟：①疑問(wèn)詞：價(jià)格用*howmuch*；②原句是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，變一般疑問(wèn)句將*is*提前；③組合：*Howmuchisthebluedress?*練習(xí)題2：將下列陳述句改為特殊疑問(wèn)句1.Myfathergoestoworkbycar.（對(duì)*bycar*提問(wèn)）→*Howdoesyourfathergotowork?*2.WewillhaveapartyonFridayevening.（對(duì)*onFridayevening*提問(wèn)）→*Whenwillyouhaveaparty?*3.Theredpenismine.（對(duì)*mine*提問(wèn)）→*Whoseistheredpen?*（或*Whoseredpenisthis?*，需結(jié)合語(yǔ)境）4.Shehaslunchatschool.（對(duì)*atschool*提問(wèn)）→*Wheredoesshehavelunch?*5.Theyplantedfivetreesyesterday.（對(duì)*five*提問(wèn)）→*Howmanytreesdidtheyplantyesterday?*（數(shù)量，可數(shù)名詞，用*howmany*）（三）語(yǔ)境化綜合運(yùn)用訓(xùn)練→核心邏輯：結(jié)合對(duì)話、短文等語(yǔ)境，根據(jù)上下文邏輯補(bǔ)全或選擇特殊疑問(wèn)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)“語(yǔ)義匹配”與“語(yǔ)法正確”的結(jié)合。【例題5】補(bǔ)全對(duì)話（每空一詞）：A:____________isyourlittlesister?B:She’ssixyearsold.（答語(yǔ)是年齡，用*Howold*）A:____________doesshegotoschool?B:Shegoestoschoolonfoot.（方式，用*How*）A:____________shegotoschool?B:At7:30everymorning.（時(shí)間，用*Whendoes*，注意時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)*she*，助動(dòng)詞*does*）練習(xí)題3：閱讀短文，根據(jù)答語(yǔ)（或上下文）寫(xiě)出對(duì)應(yīng)的特殊疑問(wèn)句短文：*MynameisLucy.I’m13yearsold.Iliveinasmalltown.Igotoschoolbybike.Ihavelunchatschool.Ilikereadinganddrawing.*1.____________________?（答語(yǔ)：*Lucy*）→*What’syourname?*2.____________________?（答語(yǔ)：*13yearsold*）→*Howoldareyou?*3.____________________?（答語(yǔ)：*Inasmalltown*）→*Wheredoyoulive?*4.____________________?（答語(yǔ)：*Bybike*）→*Howdoyougotoschool?*5.____________________?（答語(yǔ)：*Readinganddrawing*）→*Whatdoyoulikedoing?*三、綜合能力提升練習(xí)（附答案與解析）（一）單項(xiàng)選擇1.—______isyourartteacher?—Mr.Wang.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhomD.Whose解析：答語(yǔ)是人，且作主語(yǔ)，選B（*Who*）。*Whom*是賓格，需作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用。2.—______didyoufinishyourhomework?—At9:00lastnight.A.WhenB.WhereC.WhyD.How解析：答語(yǔ)是時(shí)間點(diǎn)，選A（*When*）。3.—______istheriver?—About500meters.A.HowoldB.HowlongC.HowfarD.Howoften解析：答語(yǔ)是長(zhǎng)度，選B（*Howlong*）。*Howfar*問(wèn)距離，*Howoften*問(wèn)頻率。（二）按要求改寫(xiě)句子1.Peterdoeshishomeworkathome.（對(duì)*athome*提問(wèn)）→*WheredoesPeterdohishomework?*解析：地點(diǎn)用*where*，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，三單加*does*，動(dòng)詞*does*還原為*do*。2.ThebookonthedeskisJack’s.（對(duì)*Jack’s*提問(wèn)）→*Whoseisthebookonthedesk?*（或*Whosebookisonthedesk?*）解析：所屬關(guān)系用*whose*，注意語(yǔ)序。（三）補(bǔ)全對(duì)話（每空一詞）A:____________aretheseshoes?B:They’re80yuan.（價(jià)格，用*Howmuch*）A:____________yougotothepark?B:Bybus.（方式，用*Howdo*，主語(yǔ)*you*，助動(dòng)詞*do*）A:____________thefilmstart?B:At7:00p.m.（時(shí)間，用*Whendoes*，主語(yǔ)*thefilm*，三單，助動(dòng)詞*does*）答案與解析（一）1.B（解析：?jiǎn)柸饲易髦髡Z(yǔ)，用*Who*）；2.A（解析：?jiǎn)枙r(shí)間點(diǎn)，用*When*）；3.B（解析：?jiǎn)栭L(zhǎng)度，用*Howlong*）（二）1.*WheredoesPeterdohishomework?*（解析：地點(diǎn)提問(wèn)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)三單，助動(dòng)詞*does*）；2.*Whoseisthebookonthedesk?*（解析：所屬提問(wèn)，*whose*后可接名詞或直接作表語(yǔ)）（三）*Howmuc