2025TOEFL閱讀真題試卷考試時長：120分鐘滿分：100分試卷名稱：2025TOEFL閱讀真題試卷考核對象：TOEFL考試備考者題型分值分布：-判斷題（總共10題，每題2分）總分20分-單選題（總共10題，每題2分）總分20分-多選題（總共10題，每題2分）總分20分-案例分析（總共3題，每題6分）總分18分-論述題（總共2題，每題11分）總分22分總分：100分---一、判斷題（每題2分，共20分）請判斷下列陳述是否正確（正確填T，錯誤填F）。1.ThepassageexplicitlystatesthattheGreatBarrierReefisfacingamoreseverethreatthananyothercoralreefsystemintheworld.2.Accordingtothepassage,scientistshavebeenabletocompletelyreversethedamagecausedbycoralbleaching.3.Theterm"acidification"inthepassagereferstotheincreaseinoceanwatertemperatureduetoglobalwarming.4.Coralreefsareprimarilyfoundintropicalregionsbecausetheseareasprovidetheidealtemperaturerangeforcoralgrowth.5.Thepassagesuggeststhathumanactivitiesarethesolecauseofcoralreefdegradation.6.Astudymentionedinthepassageindicatesthatcertainfishspeciescanadapttochangingoceanconditionsbyalteringtheirmigrationpatterns.7.Thepassageimpliesthatwithoutimmediateintervention,coralreefswilldisappearentirelywithinthenextdecade.8.Theauthorofthepassageadvocatesforasingle,globalsolutiontoprotectcoralreefs,suchasacompletebanoncoastaldevelopment.9.Thepassagementionsthatcoralreefscanrecoverfrombleachingeventsiftheunderlyingcausesareaddressed.10.Thepassagehighlightsthatcoralreefsareonlyimportantformarinebiodiversityandhavenoeconomicvalue.標準參考答案：1.F2.F3.F4.T5.F6.T7.F8.F9.T10.F---二、單選題（每題2分，共20分）請選擇最符合題意的選項。1.Whatistheprimarycauseofcoralbleachingaccordingtothepassage?A.NaturalclimatevariabilityB.IncreasedoceanacidityC.OverfishingincoralreefareasD.Pollutionfromagriculturalrunoff2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTathreattocoralreefs?A.RisingsealevelsB.OveruseofsunscreenbytouristsC.ReducedfishpopulationsD.Increasedcoastaltourism3.Thepassagesuggeststhatcoralreefsaremostvulnerabletodamageduringwhichseason?A.WinterB.SpringC.SummerD.Autumn4.Whatdoesthepassageimplyaboutthefutureofcoralreefsifcurrenttrendscontinue?A.TheywillthriveduetotechnologicaladvancementsB.TheywilldeclinebutnotdisappearentirelyC.TheywillrecoverontheirownwithouthumaninterventionD.Theywillbecompletelyeradicatedbytheendofthecentury5.Thepassagementionsthatsomefishspeciescanadapttochangingoceanconditionsby:A.DevelopingthickerskinB.AlteringtheirmigrationpatternsC.ReducingtheirpopulationsizeD.Movingtodeeperwaters6.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TopromotethedevelopmentofcoastaltourismB.ToargueforacompletebanoncoastalconstructionC.ToinformreadersaboutthethreatstocoralreefsandpotentialsolutionsD.Tohighlighttheeconomicbenefitsofcoralreefs7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisapotentialsolutiontocoralreefdegradation?A.IncreasingthenumberoffishincoralreefareasB.ReducingcarbonemissionstoloweroceanacidityC.EncouragingmorepeopletovisitcoralreefdestinationsD.Developingnewtypesofsunscreenfortourists8.Thepassagementionsthatcoralreefsarehometo:A.OnlyfishandinvertebratesB.Awidevarietyofmarinelife,includingplantsC.PrimarilyhumansandmarinemammalsD.Onlycoralspeciesandtheirrelatives9.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheroleofscientistsinaddressingcoralreefissues?A.TheyarecompletelyhelplessinthefaceofthesechallengesB.TheyareactivelyresearchingsolutionsbutlackfundingC.TheyhavealreadyfoundapermanentsolutiontocoralbleachingD.Theyareprimarilyfocusedonstudyingcoralbiologyratherthanconservation10.Thepassageimpliesthatcoralreefsareimportantfor:A.OnlyscientistsandresearchersB.CoastalcommunitiesandthetourismindustryC.OnlymarinelifeandnothumansD.Theglobaleconomyandfoodsecurity標準參考答案：1.B2.C3.C4.B5.B6.C7.B8.B9.B10.B---三、多選題（每題2分，共20分）請選擇所有符合題意的選項。1.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethemainthreatstocoralreefs?A.IncreasedoceanacidityB.RisingsealevelsC.OverfishingD.CoastaldevelopmentE.Naturalclimatevariability2.Thepassagesuggeststhatcoralreefscanrecoverfrombleachingeventsif:A.TheunderlyingcausesareaddressedB.ThetemperatureoftheoceanwaterincreasesC.FishpopulationsintheareaincreaseD.ScientistsdevelopanewtypeofcoralE.Humanactivitiesarereduced3.Whatdoesthepassageimplyaboutthefutureofcoralreefsifcurrenttrendscontinue?A.TheywilldeclinebutnotdisappearentirelyB.TheywillthriveduetotechnologicaladvancementsC.TheywillrecoverontheirownwithouthumaninterventionD.TheywillbecompletelyeradicatedbytheendofthecenturyE.Theywillbecomemorediverseduetoadaptation4.Thepassagementionsthatcoralreefsareimportantfor:A.MarinebiodiversityB.CoastalprotectionC.EconomicactivitiessuchastourismD.GlobalfoodsecurityE.Scientificresearch5.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheroleofhumansinprotectingcoralreefs?A.HumansaretheprimarycauseofcoralreefdegradationB.HumanscansignificantlycontributetotheprotectionofcoralreefsC.HumanshavenoimpactoncoralreefhealthD.HumansshouldfocusonotherenvironmentalissuesratherthancoralreefsE.Humansarehelplessinthefaceofthesechallenges6.Thepassagementionsthatsomefishspeciescanadapttochangingoceanconditionsby:A.DevelopingthickerskinB.AlteringtheirmigrationpatternsC.ReducingtheirpopulationsizeD.MovingtodeeperwatersE.Developingnewreproductivestrategies7.Whatarethepotentialsolutionstocoralreefdegradationmentionedinthepassage?A.ReducingcarbonemissionstoloweroceanacidityB.EncouragingmorepeopletovisitcoralreefdestinationsC.DevelopingnewtypesofsunscreenfortouristsD.IncreasingthenumberoffishincoralreefareasE.Reducingcoastaldevelopmentandpollution8.Thepassagesuggeststhatcoralreefsaremostvulnerabletodamageduringwhichseason?A.WinterB.SpringC.SummerD.AutumnE.Anyseasonduetoconsistentthreats9.Whatdoesthepassageimplyaboutthefutureofcoralreefsifcurrenttrendscontinue?A.TheywilldeclinebutnotdisappearentirelyB.TheywillthriveduetotechnologicaladvancementsC.TheywillrecoverontheirownwithouthumaninterventionD.TheywillbecompletelyeradicatedbytheendofthecenturyE.Theywillbecomemorediverseduetoadaptation10.Thepassagementionsthatcoralreefsarehometo:A.OnlyfishandinvertebratesB.Awidevarietyofmarinelife,includingplantsC.PrimarilyhumansandmarinemammalsD.OnlycoralspeciesandtheirrelativesE.Adiverseecosystemincludingmicroorganisms標準參考答案：1.A,B,C,D2.A,E3.A4.A,B,C5.A,B6.B,D7.A,E8.C9.A10.B---四、案例分析（每題6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy:AscientistisstudyingtheeffectsofoceanacidificationoncoralreefsintheGreatBarrierReef.Thescientistobservesthatcoralbleachinghasincreasedinrecentyears,andmanyfishspecieshavemigratedtodeeperwaters.Thescientistsuggeststhatreducingcarbonemissionscouldhelpmitigatetheproblem.Questions:a.Whatistheprimaryproblemthescientistisstudying?b.Whataretheobservedeffectsofoceanacidificationoncoralreefs?c.Whatsolutiondoesthescientistproposetoaddresstheproblem?2.CaseStudy:Acoastalcommunityisconsideringbuildinganewresortnearacoralreef.Environmentalistsarguethattheconstructionwillleadtoincreasedpollutionanddamagethereef,whilethecommunityarguesthattheresortwillbringeconomicbenefits.Astudyshowsthatsimilarresortshavecausedsignificantcoralbleachinginotherareas.Questions:a.Whatarethemainargumentsforandagainstbuildingtheresort?b.Whatdoesthestudysuggestaboutthepotentialimpactoftheresortonthecoralreef?c.Whatwouldbeamoresustainableapproachtodevelopmentinthisarea?3.CaseStudy:Agovernmentagencyisimplementingaprogramtoprotectcoralreefsbyreducingcoastaldevelopmentandpollution.Theprogramincludesmeasuressuchasbanningcertaintypesofsunscreen,promotingsustainabletourism,andinvestinginresearchtofindwaystohelpcoralreefsrecoverfrombleaching.Questions:a.Whatarethemaingoalsoftheprogram?b.Whatspecificmeasuresareincludedintheprogram?c.Howmightthisprogramimpactthelocaleconomyandcommunity?標準答案及解析：1.a.Theprimaryproblemthescientistisstudyingistheeffectsofoceanacidificationoncoralreefs.b.Theobservedeffectsincludeincreasedcoralbleachingandfishspeciesmigratingtodeeperwaters.c.Thescientistproposesreducingcarbonemissionstomitigatetheproblem.2.a.Theargumentsforbuildingtheresortincludeeconomicbenefits,whiletheargumentsagainstincludeincreasedpollutionanddamagetothereef.b.Thestudysuggeststhattheresortcouldcausesignificantcoralbleaching.c.Amoresustainableapproachwouldbetoconductathoroughenvironmentalimpactassessmentandimplementmeasurestominimizedamagetothereef.3.a.Themaingoalsoftheprogramaretoprotectcoralreefsbyreducingcoastaldevelopmentandpollution.b.Thespecificmeasuresincludebanningcertaintypesofsunscreen,promotingsustainabletourism,andinvestinginresearch.c.Thisprogrammightimpactthelocaleconomyandcommunitybyreducingtourismintheshorttermbutcouldleadtolong-termbenefitssuchasahealthierreefandmoresustainabletourism.---五、論述題（每題11分，共22分）1.Discusstheimportanceofcoralreefsformarinebiodiversityandthepotentialconsequencesoftheirdegradation.Providespecificexamplesofhowcoralreefssupportawidevarietyofmarinelifeandexplainwhyprotectingthemiscrucialforthehealthoftheoceans.2.Analyzetheroleofhumanactivitiesincontributingtocoralreefdegradation.Discussatleastthreemajorhuman-inducedthreatstocoralreefsandproposerealisticsolutionstomitigatethesethreats.Explainhowthesesolutionscouldbenefitboththeenvironmentandlocalcommunities.標準答案及解析：1.ImportanceofCoralReefsforMarineBiodiversity:Coralreefsareoftenreferredtoasthe"rainforestsofthesea"duetotheirhighbiodiversity.Theyprovidehabitatsforavastarrayofmarinespecies,includingfish,invertebrates,plants,andmicroorganisms.Forexample,theGreatBarrierReefsupportsover1,500fishspecies,411coralspecies,andnumerousothermarineorganisms.Coralreefsalsoplayacrucialroleinthefoodchain,servingasnurseriesformanyfishspeciesthatarecommerciallyimportant.Additionally,theyhelpmaintainthebalanceofmarineecosystemsbyprovidingshelterandfoodforvariousspecies.ConsequencesofDegradation:Thedegradationofcoralreefscanhavesevereconsequencesformarinebiodiversity.Ifcoralreefsdisappear,manyspeciesthatdependonthemwilllosetheirhabitats,leadingtoadeclineintheirpopulations.Thiscandisruptthefoodchainandhavecascadingeffectsonothermarineecosystems.Forinstance,thelossofcoralreefscanleadtoadecreaseinfishpopulations,whichcanimpactthelivelihoodsoffishingcommunities.Moreover,coralreefsprotectcoastlinesfromstormsanderosion,sotheirdegradationcanincreasethevulnerabilityofcoastalareastonaturaldisasters.WhyProtectingCoralReefsisCrucial:Protectingcoralreefsisessentialforthehealthoftheoceansbecausetheyprovidenumerousecosystemservices.Theysupportbiodiversity,regulatetheclimate,andprotectcoastlines.Bypreservingcoralreefs,wecanmaintainthebalanceofmarineecosystems,ensurethesustainabilityoffisheries,andreducetheimpactofclimatechange.Additionally,coralreefshavesignificanteconomicvalue,providingtourismopportunitiesandsupportinglocalcommunities.Therefore,conservingcoralreefsisnotonlyimportantforenvironmentalreasonsbutalsoforeconomicandsocialreasons.2.RoleofHumanActivitiesinContributingtoCoralReefDegradation:Humanactivitiesaremajorcontributorstocoralreefdegradation.Oneoftheprimarythreatsispollution,includingrunofffromagriculturalandurbanareas,whichcarriesharmfulchemicalsandnutrientsthatcancauseeutrophicationanddamagecoralreefs.Anothersignificantthreatisoverfishing,whichdisruptstheecologicalbalanceofreefsystems.Forexample,theremovalofherbivorousfishcanleadtoalgalbloomsthatsmothercorals.Additionally,coastaldevelopment,suchastheconstructionofresortsandports,canleadtophysicaldamagetoreefsandincreasedpollution.RealisticSolutionstoMitigateThreats:Onesolutionistoimplementstricterregulationsonpollution,suchasreducingagriculturalrunoffandbanningharmfulchemicals.Anothersolutionistoestablishmarineprotectedareas(MPAs)wherefishingandotheractivitiesthatharmcoralreefsarerestricted.MPAscanhelpallowcoralreefstorecoverandthrive.Additionally,promotingsustainabletourismpracticescanreducetheimpactoftourismoncoralreefs.Forexample,touristscanbeeducatedabouttheimportanceofnottouchingcoralsorusingreef-safesunscreen.BenefitsofTheseSolutions:Thesesolutionscanbenefitboththeenvironmentandlocalcommunities.Byreducingpollutionandoverfishing,coralreefscanrecover,whichsupportsbiodiversityandprovidesecosystemservicessuchascoastalprotection.Marineprotectedareascanalsocreateeconomicopportunitiesthroughsustainabletourism,whichcanprovideincomeforlocalcommunitieswhilepreservingtheenvironment.Moreover,educatingtouristsaboutsustainablepracticescanhelpreducethenegativeimpactoftourismoncoralreefs.Insummary,addressinghuman-inducedthreatstocoralreefsiscrucialfortheirsurvivalandcanleadtopositiveoutcomesforboththeenvironmentandlocalcommunities.---標準答案及解析（補充）一、判斷題1.F(Thepassagementionsthreatsbutdoesnotexplicitlystateitisthemostsevere.)2.F(Thepassagesuggestsongoingresearchbutnocompletereversal.)3.F(Acidificationreferstoincreasedoceanacidity,nottemperature.)4.T(Thepassagestatesthattropicalregionsprovideidealconditions.)5.F(Thepassagementionsmultiplecauses,notjusthumanactivities.)6.T(Thepassagementionsastudyonfishadaptingtochangingconditions.)7.F(Thepassagesuggestsrecoveryispossiblewithintervention.)8.F(Thepassagementionsmultiplesolutions,notjustasingleone.)9.T(Thepassageimpliesrecoveryispossibleifcausesareaddressed.)10.F(Thepassagehighlightseconomicandecologicalvalue.)二、單選題1.B(Increasedoceanacidityisaprimarycause.)2.C(Reducedfishpopulationsarenotadirectthreat.)3.C(Summeriswhencoralbleachingismostcommon.)4.B(Thepassagesuggestsdeclinebutnotcompleteeradication.)5.B(Alteringmigrationpatternsismentionedasanadaptation.)6.C(Themainpurposeistoinformaboutthreatsandsolutions.)7.B(Reducingcarbonemissionsisapotentialsolution.)8.B(Thepassagementionsawidevarietyofmarinelife.)9.B(Thepassagesuggestsscientistsareactivelyresearchingsolutions.)10.B(Thepassageimpliesimportanceforcoastalcommunitiesandtourism.)三、多選題1.A,B,C,D(Thesearementionedasthreats.)2.A,E(Addressingcausesandreducinghumanactiviti