專(zhuān)題一名詞

名詞分類(lèi)一、普通名詞和專(zhuān)有名詞；可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞普通名詞可數(shù)名詞book，

flower等集合名詞family，

police，

people等不可數(shù)名詞tea，

snow等專(zhuān)有名詞表示具體特定的人、地點(diǎn)、

山、海、河、湖、月份、星

期、組織、事件等Li

Bai，

Beijing，

the

Pacific

Ocean，

March，

Sunday，

Red

Cross，

World

War

Ⅱ飲食milk，

water，

tea，

wine，

juice，

bread，

rice，

salt，

meat，

beef，

pork，

soup，

butter材料glass，

wood，

cotton，

gold，

silver自然air，

light，

ice，

weather，

snow其他money，

fun，

paper（指紙、紙張時(shí)），news，

information，

knowledge，

advice，

music，

work（指工作時(shí)），

homework，

housework補(bǔ)充：初中階段常見(jiàn)不可數(shù)名詞二、有些名詞既可作可數(shù)名詞，也可作不可數(shù)名詞，但詞義不同單詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)單詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)chicken雞雞肉exercise練習(xí)；習(xí)題運(yùn)動(dòng)beauty美人美麗glass玻璃杯玻璃experience（一次）經(jīng)歷經(jīng)驗(yàn)life一段生活經(jīng)歷生命fish魚(yú)；魚(yú)的種類(lèi)魚(yú)肉orange橙子橙汁paper試卷；論文紙room房間空間iron熨斗鐵light電燈光三、有些單詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式代表的詞義不同名詞單數(shù)形式名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式work工作works作品good好處goods商品；貨品cloth布clothes衣服time時(shí)間times時(shí)代；倍數(shù)wood木頭woods樹(shù)林glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯；眼鏡

用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.

In

the

Nanjing

Art

Museum，

visitors

can

see

various

（work）

of

art

by

local

artists，

including

oil

paintings

and

sculptures.2.

The

amount

of

air

（pollute）

has

decreased

in

recent

years

because

of

the

city’s

strict

environmental

measures.3.

My

（family）

is

planning

a

trip

to

Europe.4.

In

the

countryside，

the

house

was

surrounded

by

（wood）

which

provide

a

peaceful

and

natural

environment.5.

Can

you

get

me

some

（juice）？

I’m

thirsty.works

pollution

family

woods

juice

可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)一、可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化方法1.

名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)律變化情況構(gòu)成方法示例一般情況加-smap—maps，

bag—bags以-s，-x，-

ch，-sh結(jié)尾加-esbus—buses，

box—boxes，

watch—watches，

wish—wishes以輔音字母加y

結(jié)尾將y變?yōu)閕再加-esfactory—factories，

country—countries情況構(gòu)成方法示例以元音字母加y結(jié)尾只加-sboy—boys，

day—days以o結(jié)尾（有生命的）

加-eshero—heroes，

tomato—tomatoespotato—potatoes（巧記：英雄喜歡吃西紅柿和馬鈴薯。）（無(wú)生命的）

加-sradio—radios，

photo—photos，

piano—pianos情況構(gòu)成方法示例以f或fe結(jié)尾將f或fe變?yōu)関

再加-eswife—wives，

thief—thieves，

shelf—

shelvesknife—knives，

half—halves，

leaf—leaveswolf—wolves，

life—lives直接加-sroof—roofs，

proof—proofs易錯(cuò)：month—months

mouth—mouths

2.

名詞復(fù)數(shù)的特殊變化（1）單復(fù)數(shù)不同形單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)childchildrenfootfeetmanmentoothteethwomanwomenmousemice（2）單復(fù)數(shù)同形單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)sheepsheepdeerdeerfish（魚(yú)的條數(shù)）fishSwissSwiss（3）某國(guó)人變復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)ChineseChineseJapaneseJapaneseEnglishmanEnglishmenFrenchmanFrenchmenAmericanAmericansAustralianAustralians易錯(cuò)：

German—Germans【口訣】中日不變英法變，其余-s加后面。（4）集體名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)隨句子意義而定。如：My

family

is

a

big

one.我家是個(gè)大家庭。His

family

enjoy

watching

TV

together

at

weekends.他家人喜歡在周末一起

看電視。（5）表示由兩部分構(gòu)成的東西，如glasses（眼鏡），trousers（褲子），

shorts（短褲），scissors（剪刀）等，若表達(dá)具體數(shù)目，要借助數(shù)量詞pair

（對(duì)，雙）等，如：a

pair

of

glasses，

two

pairs

of

trousers。二、名詞作定語(yǔ)（1）名詞作定語(yǔ)修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞的時(shí)候，前面的名詞一般不改成復(fù)數(shù)。如：a

boy

student—boy

students

an

apple

tree—apple

trees（2）man和woman作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí)，復(fù)數(shù)要把被修飾名詞和man/woman

同時(shí)變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。如：a

woman

teacher—women

teachers

a

man

lawyer—men

lawyers

用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.

I

have

visited

many

（country）

around

the

world，

including

France，

Italy

and

Spain.2.

Two

（Frenchman）

walked

into

the

café

and

ordered

two

cups

of

coffee.3.

My

grandpa

needs

to

wear

（glass）

to

read

the

newspaper

because

his

vision

is

not

good.4.

The

mountain

is

over

10，000

（foot）

high.5.

All

the

（boy

student）

in

our

class

are

required

to

participate

in

the

sports

meet.countries

Frenchmen

glasses

feet

boy

students

名詞所有格1.

’s所有格情況所有格形式示例一般情況的單

數(shù)名詞在詞尾加’sthe

old

woman’s

daughter這位老婦人的女兒Mother’s

Day母親節(jié)以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)

名詞在詞尾加’Teachers’

Day教師節(jié)以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)

名詞在詞尾加’sChildren’s

Day兒童節(jié)International

Women’s

Day國(guó)際婦女節(jié)情況所有格形式示例表示兩者共有A

and

B’sTom

and

Tony’s

mother湯姆和托尼共同的媽媽表示各自所有A’s

and

B’sTom’s

and

Tony’s

mothers湯姆和托尼各自的

媽媽表示時(shí)間、距

離或度量衡單

位的名詞單數(shù)加’s；

復(fù)數(shù)加’today’s

homework今天的家庭作業(yè)ten

days’

holiday十天的假期補(bǔ)充：表示在住宅、診所、醫(yī)院、店鋪等時(shí)，名詞所有格的后面經(jīng)常省略它

所修飾的名詞。如：at

Lily’s在莉莉家at

the

doctor’s在診所at

the

barber’s在理發(fā)店2.

of所有格：主要用于無(wú)生命名詞的所有關(guān)系，常用“名詞＋

of

＋名詞”

來(lái)表示。如：the

name

of

the

film電影的名字the

cover

of

the

book書(shū)的封面3.

雙重所有格：用“名詞＋

of

＋名詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格”表示雙重所

有格。如：a

friend

of

hers她的一個(gè)朋友a(bǔ)

relative

of

Tom’s湯姆的一個(gè)親戚4.

一些特別的用法（1）“名詞＋to＋名詞”短語(yǔ)：the

answer

to

the

question問(wèn)題的答案the

key

to

the

door門(mén)的鑰匙the

way

to

the

theater去劇院的路（2）復(fù)合形容詞的兩種構(gòu)成方式：①數(shù)詞＋名詞單數(shù)＋形容詞（各單詞間

用連字符連接）②數(shù)詞＋名詞單數(shù)（單詞間用連字符連接）an

eight-year-old

boy一個(gè)8歲的男孩a

200-metre

race一場(chǎng)200米賽跑

用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.

（Smith）

decision

to

donate

all

savings

to

charity

was

truly

admirable.2.

（Lucy

and

Mary）room

is

very

tidy.3.

—I

heard

you

went

to

the

（bake）

last

weekend.

How

was

it？—It

was

fantastic！

I

loved

the

atmosphere

there.Smith’s

Lucy

and

Mary’s

baker’s

4.

Can

you

help

me

with

（today）

homework？

It’s

a

little

difficult.5.

The

（student）

books

are

on

the

desks.6.

I

need

（two

week）

holiday.today’s

students’

two

weeks’

一、單項(xiàng)選擇（

A

）1.

（2025·云南中考）Alice，

you

must

wear

a

uniform

because

it

builds

school

.A.spiritB.chanceC.peaceD.knowledge（

D

）2.

（2025·甘肅金昌中考）Qian

Xuesen，

father

of

China’s

space

program，

is

one

of

the

greatest

in

the

world.A.farmersB.astronautsC.directorsD.scientistsAD（

C

）3.

（2025·天津中考）Daming

often

asks

his

teacher

for

about

how

to

improve

his

English.A.noiseB.shapeC.adviceD.life（

D

）4.

（2025·江蘇連云港中考）The

use

of

China’s

first

home-built

ocean

drilling（鉆探）

ship

shows

a

big

forward

in

China’s

deep

sea

exploring.A.holeB.flagC.bridgeD.stepCD（

B

）5.

（2025·黑龍江綏化中考）They

all

think

my

eyes

look

bigger

than

.A.my

brotherB.my

brother’sC.my

brothersD.my

brothers’（

C

）6.

（2025·安徽中考）David

left

the

school

pop

group.

Then

I

took

over

his

as

lead

singer.A.farmB.partC.roleD.saleBC（

A

）7.

（2025·黑龍江中考）You

had

better

take

a

compass（指南針）

when

you

are

travelling

in

the

forest.

It

is

difficult

to

find

the

correct

in

it.A.directionB.conditionC.informationD.situationA（

C

）8.

（2024·山東濱州中考）—On

April

25th，

2024，

China’s

Shenzhou－18

spacecraft（宇宙飛船）

flew

to

space

successfully.—Wow，

China’s

space

technology

has

reached

a

new

.A.methodB.energyC.heightD.industryC（

B

）9.

（2024·江蘇揚(yáng)州中考）—Do

you

know

why

zebrafish

are

taken

to

Shenzhou－18？—They

have

like

small

size

and

short

development

cycle.A.stagesB.advantagesC.messagesD.passages（

D

）10.

（2024·安徽中考）—Art

serves

as

a

between

different

nations.—Yes.

It

really

helps

cross-cultural

communication.A.riverB.wallC.palaceD.bridgeBD二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.

“Learn

through

use”

is

a

good

piece

of

（advise）

for

those

who

are

studying

a

new

language.2.

There

was

a

worried

（express）

on

her

face.3.

I

can’t

thank

you

enough

for

your

（kind）.4.

The

scientists

found

out

that

the

river

was

orange

because

of

the

（pollute）.5.

Thank

you

very

much

for

the

（invite），

Lily.6.

Start

building

a

strong

（connect）.7.

It

might

mean

the

（differ）

between

life

and

death.advice

expression

kindness

pollution

invitation

connection

difference

8.

Are

you

taking

piano

（lesson）？9.

After

several

（discuss），

we

decided

to

give

the

toys

to

the

children

in

hospital.10.

I

feed

the

pigs

after

getting

some

food

from

the

fields

and

then

collect

（tomato）

in

the

vegetable

garden.11.

—Whose

book

is

it？—It’s

my

（brother）.Look！His

name

is

on

it.12.

This

is

（Lily

and

Mary）

bedroom.They

like

it

a

lot

because

it’s

big

and

clean.lessons

discussions

tomatoes

brother’s

Lily

and

Mary’s

13.

Tomorrow

I’m

going

to

my

（aunt）.It’s

five

?

（minute）

walk.14.

There

are

fifty-two

（woman）

teachers

and

seven

hundred

girl

（student）

in

our

school.15.

The

apples

are

divided

into

two

（half）.One

is

for

my

sister，

and

the

other

is

for

me.16.

How

many

（Canada）

are

there

in

the

international

village？17.

We

should

brush

（tooth）

before

sleeping.aunt’s

minutes’

women

students

halves

Canadians

teeth

18.

In

those

（story），

there

are

many

brave

?

（hero）.19.

Mr.Li

is

one

of

the

most

popular

（teacher）

in

our

school.20.

She

collected

some

beautiful

（leaf）

on

the

mountain.21.

The

injured

baby

swan

stayed

under

the

mother

swan’s

feathers

to

get

comfort

and

（warm）.

22.

I

often

eat

some

（strawberry）

and

?

（chicken）

after

lunch.23.

Is

your

（father）

favorite

sport

ping-pong？stories

heroes

teachers

leaves

warmth

strawberries

chicken

father’s

24.

These

are

the

（read）

letters

to

express

love

to

their

favorite

writer.25.

Can

you

g