1、2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)高頻詞匯必背及訓(xùn)練81.optimistic adj.樂(lè)觀的We are still optimistic, whatever the result may be.我們?nèi)匀粯?lè)觀，不論結(jié)果如何。The stockholders are optimistic about the panys future.股東對(duì)公司的前景很樂(lè)觀。反義詞：pessimistic adj.悲觀的Her pessimistic attitude turns him off.她那悲觀的態(tài)度令他很不高興。_，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine t

2、o people through her smile.AShy and cautious BSensitive and thoughtfulCHonest and confident DLighthearted and optimistic2.climate n.(1)氣候She is not used to living in a cold climate.她不習(xí)慣寒帶生活。(2)(某一社會(huì)、時(shí)代的)風(fēng)氣，趨勢(shì)；氣氛，環(huán)境氣氛social climate 社會(huì)風(fēng)氣political climate政治氣候the current climate of opinion目前的輿論環(huán)境After t

3、he revolution，the climate of the country remained tense.革命以后，那個(gè)國(guó)家的氣氛依然緊張。 climate/weather辨析climate：氣候，指一個(gè)地區(qū)氣候的總情況，如氣溫、降雨量等，還可指(社會(huì))風(fēng)氣。weather：天氣，指特定的一天或某個(gè)時(shí)節(jié)的天氣的具體情況，如冷暖陰晴等。What will the weather be like tomorrow?明天天氣怎樣？I would rather live in France because of the climate.由于氣候原因，我寧愿住在法國(guó)。單項(xiàng)填空(1)For the

4、sake of her daughters health，she decided to move to a warm_.Aweather Btemperature Cseason Dclimate(2)Although farmers there mainly grow wheat，the_is also warm enough to grow rice.Acriminal Bclimate Cair Dsky3.flood(1)n.洪水，水災(zāi)(可數(shù))The town was destroyed by the floods after the storm.暴風(fēng)雨過(guò)后，小鎮(zhèn)被洪水淹沒(méi)了。(2)n

5、.大批，大量流入There was a flood of plaints about the poor service at the restaurant.許多人投訴這家餐館服務(wù)質(zhì)量差勁?？键c(diǎn)提示：a flood of words口若懸河a flood of tears淚如泉涌a flood of anger 勃然大怒(3)vt.& vi.淹沒(méi)；大量涌到The river flooded the village.河水淹沒(méi)了村莊。Workers continue to flood into neighbouring cities to look for jobs.工人們不斷涌進(jìn)鄰近的城市找工作。

6、完成句子(1)大批感謝信像潮水般涌來(lái)。Letters of thanks_.(2)大批的人涌進(jìn)大廳。_crowded into the hall.(3)辦公室堆滿了應(yīng)聘這個(gè)職位的求職信。The office was_applications for the job.（4）When we visited my old family home，memory came _ back.Aflooding Bto flood Cflood Dflooded4.reality n現(xiàn)實(shí)，實(shí)際；真實(shí)，實(shí)際存在His hope has bee a reality.他的希望已變成現(xiàn)實(shí)?？键c(diǎn)提示：bring sb

7、back to reality使某人面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，不再抱有幻想in realityin fact事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上，其實(shí)turn sth into reality使變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)escape from reality逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)face up to reality面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)real adj.真實(shí)的really adv.真實(shí)/正地realistic adj.現(xiàn)實(shí)的，實(shí)際的realize v實(shí)現(xiàn)realize ones dream實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想單項(xiàng)填空I am saving my money，so my dream of travelling to Europe will_.Ae true Brealize Cbe e t

8、rue Dturn into a reality 5.affect(1)vt.影響Smoking affects health.吸煙影響健康。(2)使感動(dòng)，被打動(dòng)(一般用被動(dòng))All the girls were deeply affected by the sad movie.那部悲傷的電影深深地打動(dòng)了所有的姑娘。His speech affected the audience deeply.她的演講深深地打動(dòng)了聽(tīng)眾。(3)(指疾病)侵襲，使感染The left lung is affected by cancer.左肺受到癌癥侵蝕?？键c(diǎn)提示：(1)affected adj.做作的，不自然的

9、affecting(moving，touching)adj.使人感動(dòng)的affection n(C，U)感情；慈愛(ài)；摯愛(ài)Hearing the affecting story，all the children present were affected to tears.聽(tīng)了這感人的故事，所有在場(chǎng)的孩子都感動(dòng)得流下了熱淚。He felt great affection for his sister.他很疼他的妹妹。(2)effect n影響；結(jié)果；作用side effect副作用have an/no effect on.對(duì)有(無(wú))影響cause and effect因果完成句子(1)The wh

10、ole munity_(受影響)by the terrible accident.(2)Smoking can_(對(duì)有壞影響) your health.單項(xiàng)填空(3)If taken in the wrong way，the medicine will have some side_and_your health.Aeffect；affect Baffects；effectCeffects；affect Deffects；affects（4） With the governments aid，those_by the earthquake have moved to the new settl

11、ements.Aaffect Baffecting Caffected Dwere affected6.offer(1)vt.(主動(dòng))提供/給予，出(價(jià))，提出向某人提供某物offer sb money for sth開(kāi)/出價(jià)給某人買某物offer sb sth for money以價(jià)格賣給某人offer to do sth主動(dòng)提出要做什么offer oneself as.毛遂自薦She offered to carry the box for her mother.她提出要幫她母親搬箱子。I offered him a glass of wine.我敬了他一杯酒。We offered him

12、 the house for 5,000 dollars.我們以5 000美元的價(jià)賣給他那所房子。I offered him 5,000 dollars for the house.我出價(jià)5 000美元買他那所房子。He offered himself as a guide.他毛遂自薦作一名向?qū)А?2)n.出價(jià)，提議，意圖accept/take an offer(of sth/to do sth)接受(做的)提議make an offer to do sth主動(dòng)要做You ought to accept the offer.你應(yīng)該接受別人主動(dòng)提出的幫助。Thank you for your o

13、ffer of help/your offer to help.感謝你提供的幫助。單項(xiàng)填空 (1)I have been_a large sum of money to go away，but I am determined to stay here.Asuffered Bforced Callowed Doffered(2)Why did you leave that position?I_a better position at IBM.Aoffer Boffered Cam offered Dwas offered(3)Can I help you with it?I appreciat

14、e your_，but I can manage it myself.Aadvice Bquestion Coffer Didea7.harm(1)n.傷害，損害，危害對(duì)有害do no harm無(wú)害mean no harm(to.)(對(duì))沒(méi)有惡意，無(wú)意傷害別人do more harm than good弊多利少，壞處大于好處e to no harm沒(méi)有受到傷害He meant no harm；he was just joking.他并無(wú)惡意，僅僅是開(kāi)玩笑。The heavy rain did a lot of harm to the crops.大雨對(duì)莊稼造成很大的損害。(2)v.損害，傷害，

15、危害Dont harm your eyes by reading in the dim light.別在昏暗的光線下看書(shū)，這樣會(huì)傷害你的眼睛。Getting up early wont harm you!早起對(duì)你無(wú)害。harmful adj.有害的，傷害的be harmful to sb/sth對(duì)有害harmless adj.無(wú)害的，無(wú)惡意的hurt/wound/injure/harm辨析hurt：傷害，可指肉體上的輕傷，也可指感情上的挫傷。還可指人身體部位疼痛、刺痛。wound：刺傷，常指在打斗中，由外來(lái)暴力造成的刀傷、槍傷、劍傷，程度較重。injure：傷害，受傷，多指意外事故對(duì)肉體、健康

16、造成的傷害。harm：傷害，多指給人的肉體或精神帶來(lái)的傷害、不安或不便，尤指對(duì)健康造成損害。完成句子(1)The child fell over but_(沒(méi)有傷著).(2)I hurt her feelings，but_(我并無(wú)惡意)單項(xiàng)填空(3)Giving children whatever they want_.Ado them harm Bharm them Cdoes harm for them Dis harmful to them(4)Mrs.Greens car ran into a large tree and she_in the accident.Agot badly

17、hurt Bwas injured badlyCgot badly wounded Dwas wounded badly(5)My chest _when I make a deep breath，doctor.Aharms Bwounds Churts Dinjures8.fashion n流行，時(shí)尚，時(shí)髦be in/out of fashion正在/不再流行e into fashion流行起來(lái)go out of fashion漸漸過(guò)時(shí)follow the fashion趕時(shí)髦a fashion show時(shí)裝表演The skirt is out of fashion.這件裙子過(guò)時(shí)了。翻譯句子

18、(1)這些歌曲已經(jīng)不流行了。_單項(xiàng)填空(2)G3 mobile phones have e into_.Many young people love to use it.Apower Bfashion Ceffect Dview9.fancy vt.想像；想要做；幻想n.幻想，愛(ài)好，設(shè)想take the fancy of.引起的喜愛(ài)fancy doing.想像做，想要做fancy ones doing想像某人做fancy sb to be/as.想像某人是I cant fancy his doing such a thing.我真無(wú)法想像他會(huì)做這樣一件事。Fancy meeting so ma

19、ny old friends here!真想不到在這里遇到這么多老朋友。完成句子(2)我從未想到他會(huì)成為歌手。I have never_a singer.(3)今晚我不想呆在家里。I dont_tonight.10.suggestion n建議，提議reject ones suggestion拒絕某人的建議make a suggestion提出/做出建議open to suggestions歡迎提建議at/on sbs suggestion按照某人的建議考點(diǎn)提示：suggestion(建議，提議)對(duì)應(yīng)的主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。

20、My suggestion is that we(should)prepare for the examination tonight.我的提議是今晚為考試作準(zhǔn)備。The suggestion that we (should)hold an English evening is so great.我們將舉行一個(gè)英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)的建議真是太好了。suggest v.(1)vt.建議，提議suggestShe suggested a visit to the park this afternoon.她建議今天下午去參觀那個(gè)公園。My mother suggested our/us going to the

21、 cinema.我母親建議我們?nèi)タ措娪?。We suggested that we (should)finish the work ahead of time.我們建議提前完成工作。(2)vt.暗示，表明suggestHer suntanned face suggests excellent health.她那被太陽(yáng)曬黑的臉表明她非常健康。What the boy said suggested that he was honest.這個(gè)男孩所說(shuō)的話表明他很誠(chéng)實(shí)。注意：suggest不能用于suggest sb(not)to do sth。(1)Bill suggested_a meeting o

22、n what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.Ahaving held Bto hold Cholding Dhold(2)The fact that so many people still smoke in public place_that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the riks of smoking.Asuggest Bsuggests Csuggested Dsuggesting答案：1.句意：豁達(dá)而樂(lè)觀使她成為了能用自己的微笑把陽(yáng)光傳遞給他人的那種女人。A項(xiàng)意思是“害羞而小心”，B項(xiàng)是“敏感而多慮”，C項(xiàng)是“誠(chéng)實(shí)而自信”，D項(xiàng)是“豁達(dá)而樂(lè)觀”。根據(jù)句意和語(yǔ)法應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。答案D2.(1)D(2)B3.(1)flooded in(2)A flood of people(3)flooded with（4.）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)我們參觀我的老家時(shí)， 記憶涌上心頭。flooding back