1、Grammar 狀語(yǔ)的分類 1. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) After taking my name and address, he asked me a lot of questions. 2. 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) There are plenty of unusual plants and animals in the forest. 3. 表達(dá)在某方面的狀語(yǔ) About your requests, we cant assist you in this matter. 4. 原因狀語(yǔ) He was unable to finish the task because of his poor health.,5. 結(jié)

2、果狀語(yǔ) He is too young to go to school. 6.目的狀語(yǔ) In order to improve our pronunciation, we often listen to English Broadcast. 7. 條件狀語(yǔ) If you study hard, you will make great progress. 8. 讓步狀語(yǔ) Despite the difficulties, they finished the job. 9.程度狀語(yǔ) To my great joy, the manager told me that I would have a r

3、ise in pay.,10. 方式狀語(yǔ) She looked with great doubt. 11. 伴隨狀語(yǔ) He sat in the corner, tears in eyes. 狀語(yǔ)從句 狀語(yǔ)從句是狀語(yǔ)的特殊形式。根據(jù)含義可分為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、行為方式、比較、讓步等9種。狀語(yǔ)從句通常由一個(gè)連詞或起連詞作用的詞組引起。例如： Dont be afraid of asking for help when it is needed. Now that youve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.

4、,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,when, while, as, before, after, until/till, since, ever since, as soon as, whenever, no sooner than, hardly / scarcely when 等,1). 常見(jiàn)的連接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有:,1) when/while/as 的用法 when表示從句和主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,或先于主句動(dòng)作;while表示從句的動(dòng)作與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,并且有延續(xù)的含義;as從句與主句動(dòng)作相并發(fā)生,常譯為“邊邊”,1. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句注意點(diǎn),When I was walking down the str

5、eet, I saw some policemen. 當(dāng)我沿著街道走的時(shí)候看到一些警察。 While the child was playing with his toys, his parents were watching TV. 這個(gè)孩子玩玩具的時(shí)候他的父母在看電視。,They shouted slogans as they passed the square. 他們一邊穿過(guò)廣場(chǎng)一邊呼喊口號(hào)。,2) 含有關(guān)聯(lián)詞組hardly, when和no soonerthan的兩種句子結(jié)構(gòu)表示“一就”。當(dāng)hardly 或no sooner為于句首時(shí)，要到裝。 He had Hardly arrive

6、d when it began to snow. Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow. 他剛到天就開始下雪了。,The boy had no sooner reached the door than he came back. No sooner had the boy reached the door than he came back. 這個(gè)孩子剛一走到門邊就回來(lái)了。,3) 一些表示時(shí)間的名詞詞組, 如the moment, each time, every time, the first time, the year 等,也用于引導(dǎo)時(shí)間

7、狀語(yǔ)從句,這是他們擔(dān)當(dāng)著連接詞的功能。 Each time he came, he would bring us a lot of flowers. 他每次來(lái)都給我們帶很多花。,The first time he went to Shanghai, he paid a visit to his former teacher . 他第一次去上海時(shí)去拜訪了他的老師。 The moment I saw him, I thought of his father. 我一看到他就想起了他的父親。,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換成分詞短語(yǔ)。如: After studying music in Vienna , Hay

8、dn went to work at the court of a prince in eastern Austria After Haydn studied music in Vienna , he went to work at the court of a prince in eastern Austria Having worked there for 30 years, Haydn moved to London After Haydn had worked there for 30 years , he moved to London,注意: 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換成分詞短語(yǔ)時(shí), 時(shí)間狀

9、語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)必須一致才可以。,2. 條件狀語(yǔ)從句注意點(diǎn) 1) if 和unless是最常用的條件從句連接詞, unless在意義上等于ifnot,并且語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)。if 可用于虛擬條件句, unless 則一般不用于虛擬條件句。,You will improve your oral English if you keep on practising. 如果你堅(jiān)持練習(xí), 你的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)將會(huì)提高。 He will never make progress unless he works hard. （if he doesnt work hard ） 如果不努力他將不會(huì)取得進(jìn)步。,If I wer

10、e you . I would give up smoking at once. 如果我是你我會(huì)立刻戒煙。,2) in case “以防”后接一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),一般過(guò)去時(shí)或should,它所引導(dǎo)的從句為主句的動(dòng)作提供理由。 Please take your raincoat along with you in case it rains. 請(qǐng)帶把雨傘以防下雨。 Dont go out tomorrow in case Mr. Li should come to visit you. 明天不要出去以防李先生來(lái)訪。,3. 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句注意點(diǎn),1) whatever (whenever, however)

11、 和no matter what( when, how)這兩種形式都可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句, 意義無(wú)差異。 Whatever (=No matter what) happens, we will not change our mind. 無(wú)論發(fā)生什么,我們都不會(huì)改變主意。,However difficult (=No matter how difficult ) the work is, we will try our best to finish it in time. 無(wú)論這項(xiàng)工作多難, 我們都會(huì)盡力按時(shí)完成。,2) 形容詞/副詞/名詞+as/ though可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。

12、 Yong as/though she is, she knows so much about life. 她雖然年輕卻很有生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 Child as/though he is, he can speaks three languages. 雖然還是個(gè)孩子,他卻能說(shuō)三種語(yǔ)言。,3) even if / even though/ although/ though 都作“雖然”,“盡管”解釋,但是even if 和 even though 所表示的讓步語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng), although次之, though最弱。,He will never tell you the truth even if he k

13、nows it. 即使知道這個(gè)秘密他也不會(huì)告訴你。 The old woman was unhappy though she has a lot of money. 這個(gè)老太太不快樂(lè)雖然她很有錢。,Grammar exercises,I was persuaded to do the job, _ I didnt want to. 2) I talked to Henry _ the football players were resting in the middle of the game. ( “而” 對(duì)比關(guān)系),在下面的空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞。,while,though,3) The

14、students listened carefully _ they should fail to follow the speaker. 4) _ she got anything to eat, she would save it for her children. 5) They promised to wait _ the clock struck twelve.,in case,Each time,until,6) Hard _ the task is, he is determined to finish it. 7) _ she may have told you, I still think she is not to be trusted. 8) I will not buy it _ the price is fair.,