1、Whats the theme of this text?,Theme of the text,For Mandela, gardening is the source of spiritual fulfillment. Gardening gives Mandela inspiration for his revolutionary cause. Political leaders are like gardeners,refuse作為名詞時的意思是“廢料、廢物、垃圾”，以及“廚房里、花園里、家里的垃圾袋、堆、箱等”，如refuse disposal廢料的處理。 refuse作為動詞時的意思

2、是“拒絕，回絕”、“不同意、不愿意幫助、不允許”、“拒絕接受一件禮物、建議、邀請”。,Exercises Page217, Three Phrases and Idioms: as much as possible ask for permission at first at great length at heart at the time be empty of behind bars drive back eitheror from the beginning of,Phrases and Idioms:,give in give up in order to neither nor p

3、rovide with read into remove from spend time on supply with take pride in through trial and error,page219, exercise 1,improve-improvement endure-endurance succeed-success allow-allowance supply-supply provide-provision cultivate-cultivation nourish-nourishment fulfill-fulfillment attempt-attempt eli

4、minate-elimination refuse-refusal,page219, exercise 1,gardening-garden fertilizer-fertilize mixture-mix liberation-liberate requirement-require failure-fail enduring-endure alternative-alternate result- result satisfaction-satisfy,動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別：,eg: sleeping baby and reading room 這里sleeping是現(xiàn)在分詞，因為sle

5、eping=baby is sleeping, sleeping顯然是個分詞；而reading room不等同于room is reading,所以reading是動名詞,Vocabulary,1.一家建筑公司（gerund) 2. 缺少的一個環(huán)節(jié)（present participle) 3. 一個動人的故事（ present participle) 4. 閱讀技能（gerund) 5. 一件泳衣（gerund) 6. 落日（present participle) 7. 起居室（gerund) 8. 睡美人（present participle) 9. 安眠藥片（gerund) 10.乏味的演

6、講/報告（present participle),Vocabulary,11.飲用水（gerund) 12.流血的鼻（ present participle) 13. 藏身之處（gerund) 14.太籠統(tǒng)/絕對的話（ present participle) 15.狩獵的季節(jié)（gerund) 16.最后的潤色（gerund) 17.指導(dǎo)原則（ present participle) 18.下個星期（ present participle) 19.顫抖的雙腿（ present participle) 20.一張漁網(wǎng)（gerund),Vocabulary,21.一根手杖（gerund) 22.現(xiàn)有

7、的制度（ present participle) 23.飲食習(xí)慣（gerund) 24.（比薩）斜塔（gerund) 25.一個有前途的學(xué)生（ present participle) 26.正在增長的人口（ present participle),Vocabulary,The Leaning Tower of Pisa 鐘樓始建于1173年，設(shè)計為垂直建造， 但是在工程開始后不久（1178），便由于地基不均勻和土層松軟而傾斜，1372年完工，塔身傾斜向東南。 比薩斜塔是比薩城的標(biāo)志，1987年它和相鄰的大教堂、洗禮堂、墓園一起因其對11世紀(jì)至14世紀(jì)意大利建筑藝術(shù)的巨大影響，而被聯(lián)合國教育科學(xué)

8、文化組織評選為世界遺產(chǎn)。 比薩斜塔從地基到塔頂高58.36米，從地面到塔頂高55米，鐘樓墻體在地面上的寬度是4.09米，在塔頂寬2.48米，總重約14453噸，重心在地基上方22.6米處。圓形地基面積為285平方米，對地面的平均壓強(qiáng)為497千帕。目前的傾斜約10%，即5.5度，偏離地基外沿2.3米，頂層突出4.5米。 1178年首次發(fā)現(xiàn)傾斜。,Picture of the Leaning tower of Pisa,Picture of the Leaning tower of Pisa,Picture of the Leaning tower of Pisa,Vocabulary 2,hav

9、e, get, show, produce, achieve have, take, accept, show, bear, assume discuss, debate, raise, settle, confuse, avoid pursue, have, develop have, make, lose, avoid face, lives, time, money, trouble roots, chairs, hats, coats, gloves, shoes, bandages, make-up, doubts land enemies, rivals, opponents, s

10、uspects, errors oil, cars, cotton, results, a movie care, time, money, experience, patience, courage the dead, treasure, past, head plants, children, animals, relationship meetings, appointments, time, place, books, flowers, business affairs,Vocabulary 3,cut out(停止； 裁剪； 剪下； 取代), cut out/ remove, fro

11、m 2. provides/supplies , with 表示“向某人提供某物” supply / provide sb. with sth. supply / provide sth. for sb. supply sth. to sb 3. brought back Reservoir 蓄水池；貯液器；儲藏；蓄積 4. ask, permission. 5. empty of 6. take, in, through trial and error at great length, providing, with in some ways, at heart,Vocabulary 4,1

12、.in 2. up 3. away give sb away 暴露（自己的真實情況或身份）；出賣 give sth away to sb 贈送某人某物 4. way give way讓路；撤退；倒塌；失去控制 5. out give out 分發(fā)，散發(fā)，公布（消息） up give sb up認(rèn)為（某人）沒有救了； 宣告無法治好； 表示對沒有希望； 引渡罪犯,投案 7.out 8. up 9. with,Vocabulary 5,1, If they refused to give back these small inlands, the two countries would not be

13、 able to normalize their diplomatic relations completely. 2. I know that it is stupid to give up this opportunity, but I have no other choice/ alternative. 3. For lack of public support，the White House had to give in at last. 4. It may not be possible to eliminate drugs all at once/immediately/ at o

14、ne go, but now there are millions of people throughout the world who succeed in kicking the habit of cigarette smoking every year. 5. We have already made contact with the representatives of the other side and arranged to meet in Xiamen before long to discuss important issues we are both interested

15、in. before long 的意思是“不久，很快”。,Vocabulary 5,6. One day, that new building suddenly give way/collapsed/fell down, burying many people under it. 7. Love requires nourishment from both sides, and true love is in the giving, not in the taking. 8. As soon as Grandmas health improved, she began to give out

16、her belongings to her folks and friends. 9. It requires perfect honesty on both sides to cultivate a lasting/ an enduring friendly relationship. 10. It is announced that our economic plan this year has been fulfilled and our domestic/ home market has also been flourishing.,Vocabulary 6,the prison au

17、thorities informed/ announced us, manual labor would end, arrange. pursue my two favorite hobbies If you want to survive the prison, try to develop ways to take satisfaction fulfilled asked them for permission to , refused, offering a reason a miner at heart provided/ supplied me with seeds, regret

18、giving me permission to, once, garden begin to flourish, provided, warders with not until I was behind bars, tend at great length, what she read into hardy plants, My favorite,Vocabulary 7,缺水已經(jīng)成了一個大問題，我們的鋼廠可能得搬到遠(yuǎn)處去。 在沙漠里往往只有那些根很深，葉子很少的植物才能存活。 你看了這本雜志的最新一期了嗎？一位著名的科學(xué)家相信我們將在今后兩年里在外太空找到某種生物 她問我有沒有政府頒發(fā)的關(guān)

19、于干細(xì)胞研究的法律文件，我說我不知道。 牢房里除了一張小床和一張書桌，幾乎沒什么空間放其他任何東西了。 我得去為我的手機(jī)弄一個干電池來。 在鎮(zhèn)上他給女兒買了一塊巧克力，然后他在離學(xué)校不遠(yuǎn)的酒吧喝了幾杯啤酒。 那些犯罪分子被關(guān)進(jìn)鐵窗以后，老百姓感覺如此安全，以至于晚上都不插門閂了。 有些人說過，這個年輕人適當(dāng)律師的料，誰也沒想到他會進(jìn)班房去。 杰克遜在戰(zhàn)爭期間曾今是有意安插在非洲的一個美國間諜。,Vocabulary 7,plant n.植物，草木；設(shè)備；工廠；莊稼 vt.種植；安，插；建設(shè)，布置；移民于 Cell n.細(xì)胞；小牢房；電池；墓穴 vi.住在牢房或小室中 vt.囚禁 Issue n

20、.問題；（報刊的）期，號；發(fā)行物；流出 vt.發(fā)行；發(fā)布；流出 vi.發(fā)行；造成結(jié)果；在上挑起爭論 Bar n.條，棒；（門、窗等的）閂；障礙；酒吧間 vt.閂（門等）；阻礙，封鎖；排除，去除 prep.除之外 Space n.空間，太空；空白，間隔；空隙；片刻 vt.把分隔開，留間隔于之間 vi.以一定間隔排列,Grammar 3,He said again and again that he had come to China to broaden his horizons. Julia says she has neither the time nor the energy for sp

21、orts after a days hard work. Sometimes it takes courage to disagree openly with ones immediate boss. Neither the teachers nor the students here believe there is any shortcut in learning English. Upon graduation, most college students have two opinions: either to find a job or to go to graduate schoo

22、l. To see all the flood victims properly housed is the relief workers number one task at present. During my stay in China, I would like you to arrange for me to see some of my old friends. In order to prevent the price of houses from going up too fast, the government promised to adopt/launch a serie

23、s of policies. Such interviews are generally conducted either in a hotel or in a caf, never in offices. They opened a shelter for the citys homeless to stay overnight in extreme weather conditions.,Grammar 1,To improve their skills, table tennis players had better go to China for training. ( In orde

24、r ) To stay in alive in the wild, the mountaineers trapped in the mountains had to eat whatever they could find- grass, tree leaves, and even ants. To live close to nature, the family moved to the countryside. It is human to long for what they dont have, and not to value what they have. It takes two

25、 to make a quarrel. It gives/offers Professors Chen deep satisfaction to hear of her former students achievements. Could you arrange for to meet the chairman of the department sometime this week? Ive brought a detective story for you to read during your trip to Nanjing. They finally realize that to

26、raise wages and salaries means increasing purchasing power. It is not hard to find the truth; what is hard is not to run away from it when you have found it .,Grammar 2,He spends most of his time in the lab or in his office. Either shes changed a lot, or you never really knew her! The residents rece

27、ived the news calmly; they were neither depressed nor delighted. The class was so boring that the children were either asleep or entirely absorbed / employed in play or other activities . My grandparents could neither read nor write, but they were both well respected for their community spirit. The

28、New Jersey Nets was not the first choice either of Tim himself or his team manager. During the war, every family lost either the father, or the husband, or a brother, or a son, and sometimes four people in one family were killed. He has neither the leadership qualities nor the personal charm to inspire people. Im sorry I cant help you. Ive neither known nor heard of such a person. Whenever the garbage man greeted