1、,初 三 語(yǔ) 法 復(fù) 習(xí) 課 件,賓 語(yǔ) 從 句 The Object Clause,I know him . 2. I know who he is .,主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),（簡(jiǎn)單句）,主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ),賓 語(yǔ) 從 句,引導(dǎo)詞,從句主語(yǔ),從句謂語(yǔ),主 句,（復(fù)合句）,賓語(yǔ)從句的概念： 賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。,句子結(jié)構(gòu)： 主句 + 引導(dǎo)詞（連詞）+ 賓語(yǔ)從句,一、引導(dǎo)詞（連詞） 1. 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是陳述句時(shí)（包括肯定句和否定 句）, 連詞由that引導(dǎo), 因?yàn)閠hat在從句中不作 任何成分，也沒(méi)有任何具體意思，因此在口語(yǔ) 或非正式文體中常省略。,1. He said, “You are you

2、nger than I ”. 2. He says, “Tom is a good student ”.,He said (that) I was younger than him.,He says (that) Tom is a good student.,在主句為動(dòng)詞be加某些形容詞（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面所跟的省略that的從句也可算是賓語(yǔ)從句。,Im sorry (that) I dont know . Were sure (that) our team will win . Im afraid (that) he wont pass t

3、he exam .,注意:當(dāng)句末為or not時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而 不能用if.如: I dont know whether it is going to rain or not.,2. 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)（口語(yǔ)中常用if），if/whether翻譯為：“是否”，具有一定的意義，不能省略。,1. She said, “ Do you often come here early? ” 2. “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked.,She asked if/whether I often

4、came here early.,He asked if/whether they would go visit the Great Wall.,3. 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，由原特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)，因?yàn)樘厥庖蓡?wèn)詞在從句中擔(dān)任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意義，所以不可以省略。,1. He asked, “Where do you live?” 2. “How can we get to the post-office?” he asked.,He asked where I lived.,He asked how they could get to the post-office.,陳 述 句,t

5、hat,一般疑問(wèn)句,if (whether),特殊疑問(wèn)句,特殊疑問(wèn)詞,祈使句,肯定句,to+動(dòng)詞原形,否定句,not to+ 動(dòng)詞原形,He said to me, “Open the door, please!” He asked/told me to open the door.,二、時(shí)態(tài) 1. 如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)(包括：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)， 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）,從句的時(shí)態(tài)一般保 持不變。,he will ask Jim a question. I am a good friend. He says he isnt feeling well now. he came back last n

6、ight. he has been here twice before.,2.如果主句是過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)），那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要一致。,I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .,主句時(shí)態(tài),從 句 時(shí) 態(tài),連 接 前,連 接 后,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)保持不變,一般過(guò)去時(shí),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),一般過(guò)去時(shí),一般過(guò)去時(shí),一般過(guò)去時(shí),一般將來(lái)時(shí),過(guò)

7、去將來(lái)時(shí),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),過(guò)去完成時(shí),注意：當(dāng)從句是客觀真理、定義、公理、 定理時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。,The teacher said that the sun goes/travels around the earth . 2. The teacher said the sun rises from the east and sets in the west . 3. The teacher said the light travels/runs faster than the sound. 4. The teacher said Japan is in the east

8、of Asia .,三、語(yǔ)序 賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序用陳述語(yǔ)序： 主句+引導(dǎo)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他,1.陳述句基本不變,He said, “You are younger than I ”.,He said (that) I was younger than him.,He says (that) Tom is a good student.,He says, “ Tom is a good student.”,2. 問(wèn)句還原為陳述語(yǔ)序 be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞及助動(dòng)詞(包括have/has)放到從句主語(yǔ)之后; 2)助動(dòng)詞do /does/ did 應(yīng)刪去, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而變。 1. Who is J

9、im waiting for ? I know 2.Can Lily carry the basket ? I know 3. Where did Anna go yesterday? I know,Jim is waiting for.,Lily can carry the basket.,Anna went the day before.,who,whether/if,where,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when

10、 will he go to the library .,2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what he wants to buy . I dont know what does he want to buy .,3. Who are we going to meet ? Can you tell me who we are going to meet ? Can you tell me who are we going to meet ?,4. Does he know French ? We want to know if/whether

11、 he knows French . We want to know if/whether does he know French.,5. Will they go to Canada in summer ? They re not sure if /whether they will go to Canada in summer . They re not sure if /whether will they go to Canada in summer .,1. Did the students have a picnic last Sunday? Do you know ? 2. Mr.

12、 Smith have been in China for about three years . Jim told Lin Tao .,Do you know if/whether the students had a picnic last Sunday ?,Jim told Lin Tao (that) Mr. Smith had been in China for about three years .,3. Which book should I read first ? Please tell me . 4. Light travels faster than sound . Ou

13、r teacher told us in yesterdays class.,Please tell me which book I should read first .,Our teacher told us (that) light travels faster than sound in yesterdays class .,1could / would是委婉語(yǔ)氣，而不是過(guò)去式，因此賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況用不同時(shí)態(tài)。,注意事項(xiàng),Could you please tell me where we show our tickets ? Could you tell us which g

14、ate we have to go to ? Would you like to know when he will come back ?,2. 如果從句中含有or或or not時(shí)，只能 用whether而不用if.,Could you tell me whether thats a fast train or not ? Do you know whether he is right or not ? I dont care whether hell stay here or not .,1). Do you know if _back next week ? If he _ back ,

15、 please let me know . A. he comes , will come B. will he come , comes C. he will come , comes D. he will come , will come,3. 連詞 if 和 when 在不同從句中的區(qū)別：,C,2). I dont know when he _ (come) . I cant wait here any more . When he _ (come) , would you please ask him to call me ?,will come,comes,if 如果, 假如,whe

16、n 當(dāng)時(shí),if 是否 when 何時(shí) 不影響句子時(shí)態(tài),4. 連詞+賓語(yǔ)從句 連詞+to do,I dont know what I shall do next . I dont know what to do next . She didnt decide which one she would choose . She didnt decide which one to choose . Please tell me whom youll give the letter to . Please tell me whom to give the letter to .,1. The young

17、 man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether 2. We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not .

18、 A. if B. where C. whether D. that,D,A,B,C,5. I wonder _ he is crying now . A. that B. why C. how D. when 6. Have you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island ? A. what B. how C. if D. whether 7. Lily said _ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where 8. I dont know _ he still li

19、ves here . A. where B. what C. when D. whether,B,A,B,D,1. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station 2. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like 3.

20、My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live,C,B,D,4. Could you tell me where we _ next week . A. would go B. to go C. had to go D. will go 5. Could you tell me how much _to fly to Hainan ? A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it

21、 costs 6. The small children dont know _. A.what is their stockings in B.what is in their stockings C.where is their stockings in D.what in their stockings,D,B,D,7. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 8. Could you tell me how long _ ?

22、A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China 9. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing . A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt go C. rains , wont go D. rain , will go,B,C,D,1. Could you tell me if

23、 they _ (work) in the factory so far . 2. Did your parents tell you that the sun _ (rise) in east ? 3. - What _ he _ (say) just now ? I _ (not can hear) him . - He _ (say) that he _ (plant) trees with his parents yesterday . 4. Can you tell me when _ (leave) tomorrow?,have worked,rises,did,say,could

24、nt hear,said,planted,to leave,5. Did he say that their parents _ (come) here tomorrow . 6. He told me two weeks _(be) enough. 7. The teacher told us that the sun _(be) bigger than the moon . 8. I think I _ (tell) you what _ (do) next . Dont just stay here!,to do,will tell / have told,is,was,would co

25、me,9. A: What are you standing here for ? B: Im waiting here to ask Mr. Johnson if he _ (give) us a talk on American history . If he _ (have) no time , Ill ask Mr. Smith instead . 10. A: Do you know when Mr. Green _ (come) to see us next month ? B: Dont worry . I _ (tell) you when he really _ (come)

26、 here .,will give,has,will come,will tell,comes,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)

27、He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do) The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel) I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk) I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be),will be,goes,were playing,have returned,had been,travels,are talking,were,were doing,10. I didn

28、t know what time he _ the letter. (write) 11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take) 13. Ling Feng told me he _ to several times. (be) 14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise) 15. Can you tell me what

29、they _ yesterday? (do),wrote,moves,has taken,has been,rises,did,將下列句子合并為一句: 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me? 3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 5. “I will come back.” Tom said. 6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?,He asked if they liked to make friends with them.,He said that he was doing his homework.