1、時(shí)態(tài)的基本判定方式：一、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)同時(shí)態(tài)的關(guān)系：一般情況下，簡(jiǎn)單句可根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。其判定方式如下：1、句中含有yesterday; last year（last + 具體時(shí)間）; two days ago（一段時(shí)間 + ago）; just now; this morning; in 2008（in + 過(guò)去的年代）; the other day; over the weekend等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；2、句中含有tomorrow; next week（next +具體時(shí)間）; in two hours（in +一段時(shí)間）; (how) soon; from

2、 now on; 10 years from now（一段時(shí)間+from now）; in the future; in 2012（in +將來(lái)的年代）; by (the end of) next month（by+將來(lái)時(shí)間）; for the weekend; this afternoon; this evening; tonight; this weekend等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般將來(lái)時(shí)；3、句中既有yesterday等過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，又有一個(gè)具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)（at 5:00; this time; at that time）時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)；4、句中含有recently; in t

3、he last/past two years（in the last/past+一段時(shí)間）; over the years（over the+一段時(shí)間）; since 2005（since+具體時(shí)間或從句）; for two years（for+一段時(shí)間，句中無(wú)其它時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）; before（單獨(dú)用于句尾）等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；5、by (the end of) last year（by+過(guò)去時(shí)間）; two days before（一段時(shí)間+before）; for和since說(shuō)明的時(shí)間同時(shí)用于句中;by the time + 從句（過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)）等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)

4、；6、簡(jiǎn)單句中如不含上述時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或有含說(shuō)話時(shí)間在內(nèi)的表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間關(guān)系的詞語(yǔ)時(shí)（如now; today; these days等詞），其時(shí)態(tài)的判定一般按以下步驟進(jìn)行： - 句中是否含有表示頻率關(guān)系的詞。如有，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)； - 句子是否說(shuō)明客觀規(guī)律。如是，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)； - 句中動(dòng)詞是否表示狀況。如是，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)； - 句中動(dòng)詞是否為延續(xù)性動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞。如是，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)； - 句中動(dòng)詞是否為完成性動(dòng)詞（瞬間動(dòng)詞）。如是，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。二、主從句時(shí)態(tài)的一致性原則：主從復(fù)合句可根據(jù)其時(shí)態(tài)一致性原則，通過(guò)主從句中任意一個(gè)句子的時(shí)態(tài)確定另外一個(gè)句子的時(shí)態(tài)；含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主從句還可通過(guò)其引導(dǎo)詞所表示的

5、不同時(shí)間關(guān)系，確定主句和從句的時(shí)態(tài)。三、通過(guò)上下文關(guān)系判定時(shí)態(tài)：另外我們還可以根據(jù)并列謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)一致性原則、問(wèn)句和答語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)一致關(guān)系、無(wú)轉(zhuǎn)折時(shí)間的短文時(shí)態(tài)一致原則等上下文時(shí)態(tài)的關(guān)聯(lián)以及句子的邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)判定句子中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。exercise( )1. what _ you _ over the weekend? a. will; do b. does; do c. did; do d. were,; doing( )2. xiao li usually _ to school by bike last year.a. goes b. went c. will go d. is going(

6、)3. what _ in our town 100 years from now? a. happened b. is happened c. has happened d. will happen( )4. mr. smith _ to see you in an hour. a. came b. has come c. will come d. comes( )5. _ you _ from your parents recently? a. did; hear b. have; heard c. do; hear d. will; hear( )6. we _ tv at home t

7、his time last night.a. were watching b. watched c. have watched d. would watch( )7. we _ over 1500 english words by the end of last month. a. have learned b. had learned c. will learn d. learnt( )8. she _ in shanghai for ten years since 1992.a. has lived b. had lived c. lived d. will live( )9. she _

8、 in shanghai for ten years. a. has lived b. had lived c. lived d. will live( )10. we all know that the earth _ round the sun.a. goes b. went c. is going d. will go( )11. “where are the boys?” “they _ soccer on the playground.”a. play b. are playing c. were playing d. played( )12. look! lucy _ under

9、the tree.a. reads b. is reading c. was reading d. read( )13. he _ more than 200 model cars in the last five years.a. has collected b. had collected c. collected d. will collect( )14. jim _ a letter to his parents at 7:30 last night.a. had written b. wrote c. would write d. was writing( )15. the smit

10、hs _ in beijing since two weeks ago.a. stayed b. were staying c. would stay d. have stayed( )16. “when _ you _ the bike?” “l(fā)ast monday.”a. have; bought b. did; buy c. will; buy d. do; buy( )17. look! the boy _english now.a. likes b. liked c. is liking d. was liking( )18. most students in our class _

11、 tv twice a week.a. watch b. watched c. will watch d. are watching( )19. how soon _ they _ back from work?a. do; come b. did; come c. have; come d. will; come( )20. “where _ you _ mr. li?” “in his office, half an hour ago.”a. will; see b. did; see c. have, seen d. do; see( )21. i _ a new dictionary.

12、 look! its very useful. a. bought b. will buy c. have bought d. would buy( )22. i wont watch the movie tonight. i _ it before.a. will see b. have seen c. saw d. had seen( )23. hello! i _ know you _ in chengdu. how long have you been here?a. didnt; were b. dont are c. didnt; are d. dont; were( )24. h

13、e _ a fire and then cooked a meal.a. had made b. was making c. made d. has made( )25. if i _ time tomorrow, i will go to visit my grandfather.a. have b. will have c. would have d. am having( )26. im going to be a doctor when i _ up.a. grow b. will grow c. grew d. am growing( )27. the film _ on for f

14、ive minutes when i got to the cinema.a. has been b. had been c. was d. is( )28. she _ dinner when her son came in.a. has cooked b. had cooked c. was cooking d. would cook( )29. the train _ when we got to the station. we had to wait for the next one.a. has left b. had left c. left d. was leaving( )30

15、. he said that he _ to the barbers tomorrow morning.a. will go b. went c. is going d. would go( )31. in the last years i _ a lot of friends.a. have madeb. madec. will maked. was making( )32. the boys _ for about two hours.a. are playing soccerb. have been playing soccerc. were playingd. play soccer(

16、 )33. he _ so quickly that he could win the race.a. is runningb. will runc. rand. had run( )34. he didnt go there with us because he _ there before.a. has beenb. had beenc. wentd. would go( )35. i dont know if he _ tomorrow. if he _, i will tell you.a. will come; will comeb. comes; comesc. will come

17、; comesd. comes; will come( )36. when i was young, my mother told me that the sun _ in the east.a. riseb. risesc. rosed. had risen( )37. “_ you _ your work?” “yes. i finished it an hour ago.”a. did; finishb. have; finishedc. will; finishd. had; finished( )38. hurry up, or you _ the early bus.a. will

18、 missb. has missedc. would missd. missed( )39. i _ mr. green while i _ along the street last sunday.a. met; walkedb. was meeting; walkedc. met; was walkingd. was meeting; was walking( )40. tom is strong and he _ to school every day.a. walkedb. walksc. will walkd. has walked( )41. he said that he _ w

19、ith mr. black at that time.a. talkedb. was talkingc. is talkingd. would talk( )42. we _ english in this school since we came here.a. have studiedb. studiedc. had studiedd. were studying( )43. she _ at home until her mother came back.a. has stayedb. stayedc. had stayedd. will stay( )44. there will be

20、 an interesting movie _ two days.a. forb. inc. afterd. since( )45. she _ there until i came back.a. didnt leaveb. has stayedc. leftd. was staying( )46. it has been raining _ two hours ago.a. untilb. forc. sinced. by( )47. his father _ since he was two years old.a. has diedb. diedc. has deathd. has b

21、een dead( )48. the meeting _ for ten minutes when i got there yesterday.a. has begunb. had begunc. has been ond. had been on( )49. he had collected over 500 stamps _ he was twelve years old.a. sinceb. forc. untild. by the time( )50. i was doing my homework _ she rang me up last night.a. whenb. while

22、c. sinced. before( )51. “where is john?” “he _ the library.”a. has been tob. has gone toc. has been ind. has been at( )52. how long _ you _ the computer?a. have; boughtb. did; buyc. have ; hadd. will; buy( )53. she _ shanghai for two days.a. leftb. has leftc. will leaved. has been away from( )54. he

23、 didnt tell me anything about it _ he left.a. sinceb. untilc. by the timed. while( )55. she _ china since she was five years old.a. has come tob. has arrived atc. has arrived ind. has been in( )56. i had finished my homework _ i watched tv last night.a. beforeb. afterc. whend. until( )57. miss white

24、 has been _ the music club for 4 years.a. joiningb. joinc. joinedd. in( )58. what do you think he will _ ten years?a. be forb. be atc. be tod. be in( )59. there _ two football games in our school next week.a. is going to beb. will havec. will bed. is going to have( )60. they _ a birthday party next

25、friday afternoon.a. is going to beb. will bec. will haved. is going to have( )61. how long have you _ the pen?a. keptb. boughtc. borrowedd. got( )62. i _ mr. brown since i left shanghai in 2004.a. have seenb. sawc. havent seend. didnt see( )63. you dont have to describe her. i _ her several times.a.

26、 had metb. have metc. metd. meet( )64. i _ a cold for five days. i still cant get rid of it.a. caughtb. hadc. have caughtd. have had( )65. what _ you _ at nine oclock that morning?a. are; doingb. did; doc. were; doingd. had; done( )66. what _ you _ by nine oclock that morning?a. are; doingb. did; do

27、c. were; doingd. had; done( )67. the sign _, “ no parking!”a. readsb. was readc. is readingd. read( )68. “_ you _ your lunch?” “yes. i _ it at school.”a. did; have; have hadb. have; had; hadc. did; have; hadd. have; had; have( )69. lily _ for her mother until she _ home.a. will wait; will comeb. won

28、t wait; comesc. will wait; comesd. waits; will come( )70. “mr. brown is leaving for a trip.” “really? where _ he _?”a. has; goneb. will; goc. did; god. does; go( )71. tom, you _ the book for two weeks. you have to return it now.a. borrowedb. have borrowedc. keptd. have kept( )72. “have you mended your shoes?” “yes. i _ it twenty minutes ago.”a. have mendedb. mendedc. had mendedd. will mend( )73. mr. smith _ to china last year and _ in love with her.a. goes; falls