1、初中定語(yǔ)從句基礎(chǔ)講解,什么是定語(yǔ)從句呢？,修飾前面某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。,結(jié)構(gòu)： 先行詞 + 關(guān)系詞 + 句子,I love singers who write their own music.,先行詞,關(guān)系詞,定語(yǔ)從句,The man who lives next to us is a policeman.,先行詞,_,_,關(guān)系詞,_,定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系詞,關(guān)系代詞: that, which, who, whom, whose 關(guān)系副詞: when, where, why,人 (n.) + who /that+ 從句 物 (n.) + that / which+ 從句,關(guān)系代詞的作用：

2、 a. 做代詞，代替先行詞 b. 在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分：主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) c. 做連詞，把主句和從句連接起來(lái),I love singers who write their own music.,關(guān)系代詞:,1. who指人,作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) (作賓語(yǔ)可省略）,The man who I talked with is our teacher.,A person who steals things is called a thief.,2. whom指人,作賓語(yǔ) (作賓語(yǔ)可省略,如介詞提前則不能省),The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.,The man to w

3、hom I nodded is Professor Li.,3. which 指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) (作賓語(yǔ)可省 略, 如介詞提前則不能省),These are the trees which were planted last year.,This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan.,Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?,Is this the library from which you borrow books?,4. that 指人/物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) (作賓語(yǔ)可省略）

4、,A plane is a machine. It can fly.,A plane is a machine that can fly.,He is the man. I told you about him.,He is the man (that) I told you about.,I have an apple.,An apple is red.,I have an apple,that is red.,修飾先行詞 an apple,主語(yǔ),主語(yǔ),關(guān)系詞that在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不能省掉。,I have some friends.,Some friends like sports.,

5、I have some friends,who like sports.,修飾先行詞 friends,主語(yǔ),主語(yǔ),/ that,關(guān)系詞who /that 在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不能省掉。,關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。 I prefer shoes that are cool. I have a friend who plays sports.,I like the music.,I can dance to the music.,I like the music,that I can dance to .,賓語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省掉。,I

6、like the girl.,You are talking to the girl.,I like the girl,who(m) you are talking to .,賓語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),/that,關(guān)系詞who /that在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省掉。,歸納：that,即指人又指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。 which,指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。 who, whom指人,who作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),whom作賓語(yǔ)。 關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可省去。,1) A plane is a machine _ can fly. 2) The car _ my uncle bought last week was stol

7、en. 3) The students _ dont study hard will not pass the exam. 4) The woman _ you saw in the park is our English teacher.,which/that,which/that,who/that,whom/that/ who,任務(wù)I. 閱讀下列句子，再用who/that 填空。 1.I have a brother _ likes soccer. 2.Tom doesnt like movies _are too long and too scary. 3. We prefer grou

8、ps _ play loud and energetic songs. 4.He likes friends _ often help each other.,who/that,that,that,who/that,任務(wù)II. 請(qǐng)將下列題中的兩個(gè)句子合并成一個(gè)句子。 1I like music. The music is loud and exciting. _. 2. She loves movies. The movies are romantic. _. 3. Tony likes music. He can dance to the music. _.,I like music tha

9、t is loud and exciting.,She loves movies that are romantic.,Tony likes music that he can dance to.,Match the two sentences 1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _ 2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese. _ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking. _ 4.Where is the picture? You bou

10、ght it last week. _,Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.,He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.,I dont like the man who is smoking.,Where is the picture that you bought last week?,whose 作定語(yǔ),表示所屬關(guān)系。,The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.,The boy whose father is a

11、 policeman is my classmate.,A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤兒). A. who B. whose C. whos D. which Look at the girl _name is Lucy. A. who B. that C. whos D. whose,Ill never forget the day when I joined the army,on which,This is the house where I lived two years ago.,in which,=,=,關(guān)系副詞,

12、Do you know the reason why she was late.,for which,=,1. I still remember the day _ we spent in the forest. 2. I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing. 3. Ill never forget the year _ I came to this school. 4. The factory _ we will visit is large. 5. The factory _ his father works is large. 6. This is the house _ we lived last year. 7.This is the house _we