1、Unit 3 Topic Sentence,Objectives,Students are expected to be able to (1) Understand the functions and the basic elements of a topic sentence for a paragraph (2) Write an appropriate topic sentence for a paragraph,Warm-up Activity,1,Now, we have done enough preparation for this topic, lets move on th

2、e Warm-up activity in Unit 3. Lets practice the oral exercise “How did you spend your summer holiday?” and note down your classmates answer.,Warm-up : How was your summer holiday (Oral, 5 mins),How did you spend your summer holiday? Go travelling Preview for college study Do sports Read novels Do pa

3、rt-time job Surf the net Play computer game Sleep all day long ,Warm-up : My summer holiday,Do you want to know how your classmates spent their summer holiday? 1. Interview at least 10 classmates about their summer holiday. 2. Discuss and analyze the figures and facts you have got. 3. Write a short

4、report according to the findings of your survey and present it to your class. (writing assignment, 10 mins),Summer Holiday - Example,The classmates I interviewed had enjoyed their summer holiday very much with different activities. Some of them paid a visit to the 2010 Shanghai Expo to broaden their

5、 vision, while some classmates preferred to stay at home reading novels, watching movies or surfing the net to relax themselves. On the other hand, some classmates went to do some part-time job to earn some pocket money and working experience. On the whole, my classmates took different activities to

6、 make good use of their happy summer holiday.,Basic Information about Topic sentence,2,Questions: (5 mins),1. What is a topic sentence ? How many parts are there in the topic sentence? 2. Where can a topic sentence appear? 3. What are the characteristics of a good topic sentence ?,1. What is a topic

7、 sentence ? How many parts are there in the topic sentence?,Topic sentence the sentence expresses the main idea or point of the whole paragraph. It usually consists of two parts: a subject and a controlling idea.,Example on 18,More Examples:,a) Convenience foods are easy to prepare. _ _ topic contro

8、lling idea b) Alcoholic beverages should be banned from college campuses for two reasons.,The topic sentence should be neither too general nor too specific.,Have a discussion about the following topics. a) American food is terrible. (too general) b) American food is tasteless and greasy because Amer

9、icans use too many canned, frozen, and packaged foods and because everything is fried in oil or butter. (too specific) c) American food is tasteless and greasy. (suitable),2. Where can a topic sentence appear?,At the beginning of a paragraph In the end of a paragraph In the middle of a paragraph,Exa

10、mple on 18 lack of mobility is the mark of the customs and morality of New Englanders. Topic sentence: But they are very different in their ways of life.,- Topic Sentence in the Middle,Albert Einstein, one of the worlds geniuses, failed in his university entrance examination on his first attempt. Wi

11、lliam Faulkner, one of Americas noted writers, never finished college because he could not pass his English courses. Sir Winston Churchill, who is considered one of the masters of the English language, had to have special tutoring in English during elementary school. These few examples show that fai

12、lure in school does not always predict failure in life. Topic sentence: These few examples show that failure in school does not always predict failure in life.,- Topic Sentence at the End,學(xué)生主題句作業(yè)講評(píng),3. What are the characteristics of a good topic sentence ?,Three characteristics of a topic sentence:

13、1. It includes a subject and a controlling idea (key ideas on the subject). 2.It is limited enough to be developed in one paragraph. 3.It lends itself to development (there is more to say on the topic).,Memorizing the key words Analysis of some examples,Discussion and analysis (10 mins),1. Nonverbal

14、 language is interesting. 2.The English Writing class is filled with aspiring writers. 3. The guinea pig ini pi 天竺鼠；試驗(yàn)品 is a member of the rat family. a Subject: b Controlling Idea: c Limited: d Development:,analysis,1. Nonverbal language is interesting. a Subject: nonverbal language b Controlling I

15、dea: interesting c Limited: No, this is a very broad statement d Development: This sentence is not well focused, so it is not as clear what information should come next. This sentence simply states an attitude. The reader doesnt know what will come next.,analysis,2. The English Writing class is fill

16、ed with aspiring writers. a Subject: English Writing class. b Controlling Idea: filled with aspiring writers c Limited: Yes d Development: Examples of individuals and their writing dreams and goals or discussion about the contests they have entered and prizes they have won.,analysis,3. The guinea pi

17、g is a member of the rat family. a Subject: Guinea pigs b Controlling Idea: member of the rat family. c Limited: Yes d Development: It is just a statement of fact. This sentence doesnt leave much more to say on the subject. This might be useful to know, and it could be followed with other facts abou

18、t guinea pigs, but there is no controlling idea to bring the facts together. Without a controlling idea, and number of unrelated facts could be included in any order. This is not a topic sentence.,More examples on p 19 3A college; beautiful; good place; Sentences can be made: 1. XXX Polytechnic is a

19、 3A college. 2. XXX Polytechnic is beautiful. 3. XXX Polytechnic is a good place. ,Writing Practice 1,Analysis of Sentence 1: XXX College is a 3A college. a. Subject: XXX College b. Controlling Idea: 3A college c. Limited: Yes d. Development: This sentence tells us a fact, which leaves us little to

20、develop. Thus, this is not a good topic sentence.,Writing Practice 1,Analysis of Sentence 2: XXX Polytechnic is beautiful. a. Subject: XXX College b. Controlling Idea: beautiful c. Limited: Yes d. Development: It is easy to develop this topic sentence. Beautiful environment of the college can be des

21、cribed to support the topic.,Writing Practice 1,Analysis of Sentence 3: XXX Polytechnic is a good place. a. Subject: XXX College b. Controlling Idea: good place c. Limited: No, this is a broad statement, which is not easy to be developed in a certain direction. d. Development: We can narrow the sent

22、ence into “XXX College is a good place to study.” , then we can focus on “good to study”.,Writing Practice,2. Choose the best topic sentences and share your ideas within groups. 3. Write down a topic sentence based on the topic given. Discuss your answers with peers and classmates,Writing Task : Sho

23、pping online and shopping in a store, which do you prefer?,Write a short paragraph. Please remember your paragraph should include a topic sentence and supporting details. Guidelines: Step 1: Brainstorming: Work in a group of four, and discuss the topic together. Write down the main ideas your partne

24、rs have contributed. Step 2: Decide on the ideas you would like to include in your writing and get ready for the writing task. Step 3: Write your first draft. Step 4: Peer Correcting. Step 5: Revise your first draft and hand in your assignment.,序列號(hào)：19573 注意：本次分?jǐn)?shù)記入平時(shí)成績(jī)，請(qǐng)大家認(rèn)真完成。,辨認(rèn)主題句,1. A Each of us

25、inherits a culture made up，in part，of commonly accepted knowledge. B We may also learn that eating too much candy will decay our teeth. C We may learn from others that the earth revolves around the sun. D These are the things that everybody knows. Your choice: _,A,2. A. There are different types of

26、social worker careers. B. A social worker can help a child find a home. C. A mental health social worker helps people deal with depression. D. A medical social worker helps people with diseases. Answer:_,A,3. A. There are some differences in the behavior of rock and classical music audiences. B. At

27、a rock concert, the audience members yell, whistle, sing along, and even stamp their feet. C. Members of the classical music audience are so highly disciplined that they refrain from even clearing their throats or coughing. D. With rock music, the better the performance, the more active the audience

28、 will be; with classical music, the better the performance, the more still the audience will be. Answer:_,A,Read the following paragraphs carefully and write a topic sentence for each paragraph in the space provided.,(1) . Famous inventor Thomas Edison, for instance, did so poorly in his first years

29、 of school that his teacher warned his parents that he would never be a success at anything. Similarly, Henry Ford, the father of the auto industry, had trouble in school with both reading and writing. But perhaps the best example is Albert Einstein, whose parents and teachers suspected that he was

30、retarded because he responded to questions so slowly and in a stuttering voice. Einsteins high school record was poor in everything but math, and he failed his college entrance exams the first time. Even out of school the man had trouble holding a job- until he announced the theory of relativity. Ma

31、ny scientists had very bad proficiency records in their school days,(2) . Indians with distinctive physical characteristics might be given names such as Big Foot or Crooked Leg. If there had been a big storm on the day of a babys birth, the baby might have been named Thunder Cloud, Grey Eagle, Red D

32、og, Big Bear, and Spotted Wolf are examples of Indians named after animals. There is an interesting tradition of naming people in the Indian culture.,(3) . Americans relaxing at home, for example, may put on kimonos, which is a Japanese word. Americans who live in a warm climate may take an afternoo

33、n siesta on an outdoor patio without even realizing that these are Spanish words. In their gardens, they may enjoy the fragrance of jasmine flowers, a word that came into English from Persian. They may even relax on a chalse longue while sipping a drink with vodka, words of French and Russian origin, respectively. (3) Many loan words have en