1、動詞ing形式作狀語 知識講解,my hobby is playing basketball. the boy playing basketball on the playground is our monitor. i saw him playing basketball when i passed the playground. the glass fell to the ground. it broke into pieces. = the glass fell to the ground, _.,動詞的ing形式作狀語時，通常都表示主語正在進(jìn)行的另一動作，用來對謂語動詞表示的動作加以修

2、飾或作為陪襯。它可表示時間、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨動作，相當(dāng)于相應(yīng)的狀語從句。,一、表示時間（置于句首或句末）,-ing形式作狀語，其動作可能發(fā)生在謂語動作之前或之后，也可能和謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生。例如：,1. hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.,=when they heard the news, they all jumped with joy.,2. seeing its mother, the baby smiled.,=when the baby saw its mother, it smiled.,注：為強調(diào)與謂語動詞的動

3、作同時發(fā)生，在 -ing形式之前可用連詞when或while.如：be careful when crossing the street.,另外：-ing形式的完成式having done 表示其動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞的動作之前，一般作時間或原因狀語。例如：,having finished the homework, she went shopping,二、表示原因（多置于句首）例如：1.being ill (= ), he went home.,2. not having received any news from home for a long time, she is becoming m

4、ore and more homesick.,3. hoping to get our support(=as they hoped to get our support), they sent us their statement.,as he was ill,(= as she hasnt received any news from home for a long time, she is),三、表示條件（多置于句首）例如：,1. working hard(=if you work hard), you will succeed.,1. the snow lasted a week, l

5、eading to a serious traffic jam in the whole area.,四、表示結(jié)果（多置于句末）例如：,=the snow lasted a week, so it led to a serious traffic jam in the whole area.,2. his parents died, leaving him a lot of money.,五、表示方式和伴隨（多置于句末）,-ing形式作方式狀語或伴隨狀語，用來對謂語動詞表示的動作或狀態(tài)加以說明。一般來說，-ing形式表示的動作和謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生。它沒有相應(yīng)的狀語從句可以代替。例如：

6、,1. she sat at the desk reading a newspaper.,=she was sitting at the desk and read a newspaper.,2. many people come to the parks, looking for relaxations and entertainment.,3. a second disneyland was opened on the east coast, costing between $500 and $600 million.,4. they walked on the way home, sin

7、ging and laughing.,1、the secretary worked late into the night, _a long speech for the president. a. to prepare b. preparing c. prepared d. was preparing 2. the visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. a. having added b. to add c. adding d. add

8、ed,3、european football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. making b. makes c. made d. to make 4、_ up at his father, he asked what was the matter with him. a. having looked b. looking c. to look d. look,5、_ from his clothes, he is not so poor. a. judged b. judging c.

9、to judge d.judge 6、_ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean the river. a. having suffered b. suffering c. to suffer d. suffered,-ing 形式作狀語考點及應(yīng)對方法,-ing形式作狀語是高考經(jīng)?？疾榈目键c，其熱點考查內(nèi)容如下：,一、考查-ing形式作狀語的類型,考點說明 -ing形式常作時間、原因、結(jié)果、或伴隨狀語，可放句首或句末。,典型例題 1. european football is played in 80 coun

10、tries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. a. making b. makes c. made d. to make,析：分析語境邏輯可知該空應(yīng)填making作狀語，空檔前面的逗號是個驗證。,2. the secretary worked late into the night, _a long speech for the president. a. to prepare b. preparing c. prepared d. was preparing,析：語境邏輯表明為董事長準(zhǔn)備一篇長篇講稿是秘書工作到深夜的伴隨性狀況，所以應(yīng)選b作

11、伴隨狀語。,方法揭秘 分析語境邏輯，弄清空格是否作時間、原因或伴隨狀語，從而確定空格的非謂語性質(zhì)；分析動作是主動還是被動，從而確定空格的-ing形式的語態(tài)；空格設(shè)置在句子后半部時逗號是一個重要的提示。,二、考查-ing形式作狀語與邏輯主語間的關(guān)系,考點說明 -ing形式作狀語時其邏輯主語是句子的主語，此時應(yīng)注意人稱、時態(tài)、和語態(tài)的一致性。,例題 1. finding her car stolen, _.,a policeman was asked to help the area was searched thoroughly it was looked for everywhere d.sh

12、e hurried to a policeman for help,2. _ his key, he couldnt enter the room. a. having lost b. losing c. to loss d. lost,析：分析語境邏輯可知丟鑰匙動作應(yīng)發(fā)生在進(jìn)房間的動作之前，所以該空應(yīng)選a。本題說明-ing形式作狀語時應(yīng)注意時態(tài)的一致性。,三、考查-ing形式作狀語的創(chuàng)新形式,考點說明名詞、代詞+ -ing形式可構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作時間、條件、原因、或伴隨狀語，此時-ing形式的邏輯主語為前面的名詞或代詞。,（一） -ing形式獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語,典型例題 1. the moo

13、n _, we came to the foot of the mountain. a. appeared b. appears c. appearing,析：c。該句意為：月亮出來時，我們在山腳下。appearing 和 the moon構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作時間狀語。,2.weather_, well go swimming this afternoon. a. permitting b. permit c. permitted d. to permit,析：a。 該句意為：如果天氣允許，我們今天下午去游泳。 permitting 與其邏輯主語weather構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作條件狀語。,方法揭

14、秘解題時應(yīng)牢記-ing形式獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語與-ing形式作狀語用法完全相同，只不過獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中-ing形式邏輯主語為前面的名詞或代詞。而-ing形式作狀語時其邏輯主語是句子的主語。,（二）考查when/while+ -ing形式作時間狀語,考點說明 when/while+ -ing形式可作時間狀語，謂語動詞動作常發(fā)生在-ing形式所表示的動作的過程中。 例如：,_riding a bike he fell down to the ground. a. as b. while c. as soon as d. immediately,析：b。分析語境邏輯可知跌到在地的動作發(fā)生在騎自行車的過程

15、中，因此應(yīng)用while,（三）考查on/upon+ -ing形式作時間狀語,考點說明 on/upon+ -ing形式作時間狀語，-ing形式所表示的動作與謂語動詞動作同時發(fā)生。,典型例題 _my arriving in beijing, ill write to you. a. in b. at c. on d. with,析:c.語境邏輯制約該空表“一 就”應(yīng)填on,方法揭秘分析ing形式所表示的動作與謂語動詞動作是否同時發(fā)生從而確定前面是否加on,高考鏈接：,1.night_, we hurried home. a. falls b. fall c. fell d. falling,命題目

16、的：本題考查分詞用法。 深度講解：分詞做狀語，其邏輯主語必須是句子的主語，否則就必須在分詞的前面另加分詞的主語（名詞或主格代詞），這種結(jié)構(gòu)叫獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。其作用相當(dāng)于狀語從句:as night fell, we hurried home. 也可用并列句表示：night fell, so we hurried home.,2. nobody _ any more to say, the meeting was closed. a. having b. have c. had d. has,3. _, mary had to ask for leave to tend her. her mother was ill b. her mother to be ill c. her mother being ill d. her mother be ill,4. there was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. followed b. following c. to be follo