1、英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)題,完形填空,一、考綱要求與說(shuō)明,完形填空題型考查考生語(yǔ)篇中靈活運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的能力。這種題型既可以測(cè)試詞匯、句法等語(yǔ)言方面的知識(shí)，又可以考查學(xué)生的理解、聯(lián)想、判斷、推理等方面的思維能力，具有較強(qiáng)的區(qū)分度，對(duì)考生的能力要求較高 。,二、完形填空的命題原理,一篇文章有其主題思想，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，行文邏輯關(guān)系及語(yǔ)言特色，即使挖去一些詞語(yǔ)，仍可通過(guò)對(duì)剩余部分的內(nèi)容所作的分析與判斷，準(zhǔn)確推知空去的詞語(yǔ)。,三、NMET完形填空試題特點(diǎn),1、所選文章題材廣泛如日常生活、文史知識(shí)、科技小品、政治經(jīng)濟(jì)、人物、社會(huì)、故事等，體裁主要是記敘文說(shuō)明文甚至于夾敘夾議。但總的看來(lái)，所選文章行文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊層次分明，邏輯性

2、強(qiáng)，難度稍低于閱讀理解。,2、文章長(zhǎng)度一般300詞左右，空距15詞左右；選項(xiàng)為單個(gè)詞匯為主，詞匯考查以信息詞匯為主（如名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等）尤其以動(dòng)詞和名詞為主，文章第一句往往不挖空，保留提示句。,3、難度逐年穩(wěn)步增加：一、NMET完形填空立足語(yǔ)篇的試題數(shù)量在逐年增加；二、干擾項(xiàng)的干擾性也在逐年增加，干擾項(xiàng)一般與正確選項(xiàng)都屬于同等詞性或同等范疇，與空前空后的詞語(yǔ)也大多構(gòu)成搭配，因而極具迷惑性、干擾性。,四、試題類(lèi)型,按照試題層次可分為四個(gè)類(lèi)型：,1、單詞層次（用于考查單詞拼寫(xiě)或詞形變換）,2、詞組層次（考查詞組的固定搭配）,3、句子層次（考查句法內(nèi)容）,4、語(yǔ)篇層次（考查對(duì)全文的把握）,

3、五、完形填空解題技巧,主要失分原因,1、不善于抓住文中的主旨大意，片面理解，具體表現(xiàn)是邊看邊填； 2、不善于邏輯推理，容易受思維定勢(shì)的干擾，忽視特定語(yǔ)境中知識(shí)的應(yīng)用； 3、對(duì)完形填空懷有厭倦、恐懼心理，對(duì)完形填空處于應(yīng)付狀態(tài)，解題能力得不到提高。,解題技巧：,1、要首先把握文章的主題思想，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，行文邏輯甚至語(yǔ)言特色，克服只從語(yǔ)法角度推理思考的不良習(xí)慣。 2、要善于把握文中的關(guān)鍵信息，信息句（往往就是文章或自然段的首尾句）和信息詞（上文伏筆、下文呼應(yīng)）。 3、采用正確的解題步驟： （1）跳空猜讀，領(lǐng)悟大意。 （2）準(zhǔn)確推理，逐空選填。 （3）及時(shí)復(fù)讀，驗(yàn)證選項(xiàng)。,解題時(shí)應(yīng)遵循的原則： 立足語(yǔ)

4、篇原則 前后貫通原則 先易后難原則,跳過(guò)空格，通讀全文， 把握大意,再讀全文，反復(fù)檢查,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，綜合考慮，初定答案,瞻前顧后，先易后難， 個(gè)個(gè)擊破,完形填空的解題步驟,把握整體,具體分析,1. 跳讀首尾句進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè),一般來(lái)講，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳讀這兩句，便可判斷體裁，猜想它要講什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四個(gè)W，那么就是記敘文，很可能就是一個(gè)故事，為了測(cè)試語(yǔ)篇的理解能力，出題者特別注意選材的趣味性，其結(jié)尾往往出人意料，耐人尋味；若首句是提出或解釋說(shuō)明某事物，一般來(lái)說(shuō)是說(shuō)明文；若首句提出一個(gè)論點(diǎn)，那么就是議論文. 首句往往開(kāi)宗明義，是

5、文章的主題。細(xì)讀首句可啟示全文。而尾句又往往是對(duì)文章主題的總結(jié)。所以，它們是了解文章大意的一個(gè)窗口，對(duì)我們理解全文有著重要的啟示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，尋找文章的脈絡(luò)與線索。,Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打擊樂(lè)器獨(dú)奏演員) in spite of her disability. 本文主要講述的是蘇格蘭第一位女打擊樂(lè)器獨(dú)奏演員E

6、velyn Glennie在耳聾的情況下成功學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂(lè)器的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)首句給出的信息，下面我們可以猜想Evelyn Glennie學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂(lè)器過(guò)程必然充滿(mǎn)困難，而能夠在耳聾的情況下學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂(lè)器，Evelyn Glennie對(duì)音樂(lè)肯定也是充滿(mǎn)熱情的。,2. 利用語(yǔ)法分析解題,完形填空雖然以語(yǔ)境填空為主，但也有部分考查語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目的題目。對(duì)于這類(lèi)題，考生可以利用平時(shí)所學(xué)的詞匯知識(shí)，分析單詞(組)的使用范圍、動(dòng)詞的及物和不及物，并利用句子結(jié)構(gòu)、句式特點(diǎn)等知識(shí)全面衡量所有選項(xiàng)排除干擾。如： 51 do you suppose he asked for them? A. What B. How C. Who

7、D. Which,【解析】本題中，do you suppose為插入成分。he asked for them是一個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立和完整的句子，因此空格處應(yīng)該用副詞How來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞asked，而不能用代詞What, Who或 Which。,B,_8_ I had been born in the 16th century, I would have had no job. A. Because B. While C. If D. Since,【解析】根據(jù)后面的I had been born in the 16th century可知這只是個(gè)假設(shè)，是一個(gè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件句。故前面要用if引導(dǎo)。,C,I

8、 went into a caf and asked for a coffee. 21 I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place , but I sensed 22 (loneliness). ABefore BSince CAlthough DWhile,3. 利用固定搭配解題,完形填空題中對(duì)詞匯知識(shí)的考查，主要體現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣用法和同義詞、近義詞的辨析兩方面。習(xí)慣用法是英語(yǔ)中某種固定的結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)，即所謂的“習(xí)語(yǔ)”，不能隨意改動(dòng)。所以，考生平時(shí)應(yīng)掌握好習(xí)慣用法。對(duì)詞義辨析題的考查有

9、加大力度的趨勢(shì)。要做好這類(lèi)題，需要有較大的詞匯量和詞語(yǔ)搭配能力、詞語(yǔ)辨析能力，特別是在特定的語(yǔ)境中能靈活運(yùn)用的能力。如： They couldnt read or write. They didnt like to work and they never 12 baths. A. took B. washed C. ran D. covered,A,【解析】本題考查的是固定搭配take a bath，意為“洗澡”。,I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was useless and when I was 14 he said,

10、 “Youre never going to be 2 but a failure. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing,【解析】本題考查習(xí)語(yǔ)anything but，意為“決不”“根本不”，即校長(zhǎng)認(rèn)為我肯定是一個(gè)失敗的人,A,1) He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming_1_.So he shouldnt have gone into that place. 1.A.after all B. in all C.at all D. for all 2) So I trie

11、d hard with my writing and went to college . My first novel 45 while I was at college. 45. A. came on B. came in C. came out D. came back,從詞匯辨析和固定搭配方面來(lái)解題,4. 利用固定句型解題,完形填空雖然注重考查語(yǔ)境理解，但同時(shí)也會(huì)考到一些固定句型，考生掌握好這些句型，對(duì)確定題目的答案很有幫助。如 I havent had a phone in the house for three weeks now, and its several days 19 I

12、 used a phone box A. as B. when C. if D. since,【解析】本題考查的是itssince句型，意為“自從已(多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了)”。這句話的意思是“自從我上次打投幣電話已經(jīng)有好幾天了”。,D,It wasnt long 18 the police caught the thief. A. after B. when C. before D. until “Why 14 you take a big man with you? You have to fight the sailor who is drunk.” A. dont B. couldnt C. ca

13、nt D. do,【解析】It wasnt long before是常用句型，意為“不久就”。這里說(shuō)的是不久警察就把小偷捉到了。,【解析】Why dont you do sth?是表示建議的固定句型，意為“為何不？”。,C,A,5. 利用復(fù)現(xiàn)信息解題,語(yǔ)篇復(fù)現(xiàn)的信息包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞和反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、上義詞和下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。語(yǔ)篇中有詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，如與語(yǔ)篇話題相關(guān)、意義相關(guān)的詞匯同時(shí)出現(xiàn)，結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)，同義同現(xiàn)，修飾同現(xiàn)，因果同現(xiàn)等。因此，利用上下文尋找解題信息，確定正確答案。,利用詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)解題 許多詞匯在上下文中以不同形式反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，如： (1) 同一詞上下文復(fù)現(xiàn)：很多正

14、確選項(xiàng)常是上文或下文中出現(xiàn)的詞。 (2) 同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)：如and連接兩同義的詞或句子。happy and gay； unhappy and disappointed. (3) 反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)： but 連接兩個(gè)含義相對(duì)的詞：small but neat； expensive but tasty (4) 詞匯鏈即不同詞類(lèi)的聯(lián)想：如：believe和belief；think和thought；repairman 和fix ones car.,First of all, I respected his 3 to teaching. Because his lectures were always well-

15、prepared and clearly delivered, students crowded into his classroom. A. attention B. introduction C. relation D. devotion,【解析】空格后面的句子說(shuō)到教授的講座準(zhǔn)備充分、講解清楚（well-prepared and clearly delivered），由此可知教授為教育做出了很大的貢獻(xiàn)，devotion to sth意為“對(duì)貢獻(xiàn)”，與下文相通。,D,I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the

16、room wasnt empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new 44 , dressed neatly. A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbor D. companion,【分析】名詞同現(xiàn)，空格前出現(xiàn)了room, furniture, curtains, a TV等同現(xiàn)信息可知坐在鋪好的床上的是“我”的室友。,A,6. 利用跳讀法解題,一般而言，完形填空

17、要填的20空中總有一些空是相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的。 對(duì)于這類(lèi)空格考生可以先將其確定下來(lái)，之后再逐個(gè)去突破其他空。跳過(guò)那些不太容易得出答案的題。切忌做題時(shí)循規(guī)蹈矩地一個(gè)順著一個(gè)地去完成。如：,“Visitors!” repeated Josh, wide-awake at once. He 1 up and looked around. A short distance away, a group of 2 stood quietly watching us. One of them 3 walking towards us. We both jumped to our 4 not knowing what

18、 to expect. 1. A. sat B. stayed C. thought D. put 2. A. pilots B. natives C. editors D. assistants 3. A. avoided B. delayed C. began D. desired 4. A. boat B. car C. horses D. feet,D,C,A,B,【解析】在通讀全文的第一遍中，我們可以很容易地將第四空填出來(lái)，這是固定搭配jump to ones feet (跳起來(lái))；由此也可推出第三空的答案，因?yàn)橛腥碎_(kāi)始向“我們”走了過(guò)來(lái)，所以“我們”才跳了起來(lái)；再根據(jù)第一空前面的w

19、ide-awake可知，此處指的應(yīng)該是“我和Josh完全清醒，坐起來(lái)，環(huán)顧四周”，所以第一空的答案為A；最后，根據(jù)句首Visitors可推知第二空的答案為B。,7. 巧用排除法解題,在有些情況下，考生如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道題的答案，可以把排除法和詞匯、語(yǔ)法分析結(jié)合起來(lái)運(yùn)用，縮小選擇的范圍，提高正確率。如： The woman looked carefully at me _5_ through her glasses, and then questioned me in a low voice. A. as usual B. for a while C. in a minute D.

20、 once again,【解析】這篇文章講述的是沒(méi)有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的作者找到工作的故事。此題的解題關(guān)鍵詞是carefully，既然是“認(rèn)真地看”，就不會(huì)是in a minute (立刻、馬上)；既然互不相識(shí)，作者也未曾去找過(guò)工作，不會(huì)是as usual(像往常一樣)；前面沒(méi)說(shuō)已經(jīng)打量過(guò)作者一次了，所以用once again(再一次)是不合理的。,B,He put the books into the return box. And after a brief _6_ in the toilet, he would be on his way to the playground to meet Eri

21、c. 6. A. rest B. break C. walk D. stop When I started playing _19_ him, he told me I needed to relax because I looked nervous. 19. A. at B. by C. for D. around,【解析】此題答案為D。人不可能在廁所里休息（rest, break）或是散步（walk），由此排除另外三個(gè)選項(xiàng)。,【解析】此題用排除法，by 和around都有“在旁邊”的意思，要選都要選，故排除這兩個(gè)答案，play at后接游戲名，是“做游戲”的意思，也可排除。故答案為C。,D

22、,C,8 句際間的邏輯推理關(guān)系,完形填空中的任何一句話往往都不是孤立存在的，而是要靠上下問(wèn)作依托，看前因后果才能確立的。它涉及到文章的起承轉(zhuǎn)合、上下連貫。這類(lèi)題主要考查考生對(duì)上下文邏輯關(guān)系的理解，如轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、讓步關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系、增補(bǔ)關(guān)系、比較關(guān)系以及對(duì)比關(guān)系等。,例1： It has been many years since I was last in London, _ I still remember something that happened during that visit. A. and B. for C. but D. as,例2： A transistor ra

23、dio半導(dǎo)體收音機(jī) is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry 48 , radio broadcasts are better for blind people. 48. A. Besides B. However C. Yet D. Sometimes,and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange_37_quite pleasant taste. 37. A. besides B. but C.

24、and D. or,Students generally appreciate these special 50 opportunities. They are almost always fun and interesting, and professors 51 them too because students learn so much in just a few short months. 50. A. working B. living C. teaching D. learning 51. A. hold B. like C. dislike D. discover,Practi

25、ce,9. 巧用背景常識(shí)解題,解答完形填空題時(shí)，有時(shí)文章中提供的信息還不夠，還需要把讀者頭腦中儲(chǔ)存的一般知識(shí)信息結(jié)合起來(lái)考慮，最后作出符合常識(shí)的最佳答案。因此，考生的知識(shí)范圍越廣，則對(duì)文章的理解會(huì)更容易，整體上知道所選短文在說(shuō)什么，那么局部上的每一個(gè)空填起來(lái)也會(huì)得心應(yīng)手。因此解答完形填空題時(shí)，考生的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和有關(guān)世界的知識(shí)，都發(fā)揮著重要的作用。當(dāng)對(duì)語(yǔ)言的把握不很準(zhǔn)確時(shí)，可充分利用自己已掌握的文化背景和生活常識(shí)，巧妙地加以運(yùn)用，先找出并理解文章主題和主線，并根據(jù)主題猜測(cè)細(xì)節(jié)，注意從重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語(yǔ)中尋找、體會(huì)文章表達(dá)的氛圍。這樣將會(huì)大大簡(jiǎn)化復(fù)雜的分析與判斷過(guò)程，節(jié)省寶貴的時(shí)間，順利地沿作者的思

26、路閱讀下去。如：,After _2_ the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they started the 950-mile journey back. A. growing B. putting C. planting D. laying 。 Salina Joe began to _2_ when she was one-year old. 2. A. say B. cry C. sing D. talk,【解析】根據(jù)常識(shí)，南極地區(qū)冰雪覆蓋，須費(fèi)好大的勁將旗插進(jìn)極地，plant在

27、這里的意思是“安插”“插牢”，故答案為plant,【解析】根據(jù)常識(shí)判斷，嬰兒在一歲的時(shí)候應(yīng)該是開(kāi)始學(xué)說(shuō)話，而不是學(xué)哭或?qū)W唱歌，故答案只能在A、D之間選出。又因?yàn)閟ay是及物動(dòng)詞，其后面需接賓語(yǔ)，而talk是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后不需要接賓語(yǔ)，故正確答案為D。,C,D,Every morning she would give him breakfast in bed and bring him the paper to 30 . A. check B.read C. keep D.sign Owning springs and streams sometimes means control, part

28、icularly in the 37 areas like the desert. A. dry B. distant C. deserted D. wild,【解析】外國(guó)人早上有讀報(bào)的習(xí)慣，題中的paper指的是報(bào)紙，這是理解本文細(xì)節(jié)的關(guān)鍵，有了這些文化背景知識(shí)，可迅速推斷出正確答案為B。,【解析】我們知道，沙漠以“干旱”著稱(chēng)，有了這點(diǎn)常識(shí)，不難得出本題的答案為A。,B,A,10. 利用對(duì)比結(jié)構(gòu)解題,對(duì)比結(jié)構(gòu)常把兩種對(duì)立的事物或同一事物的兩個(gè)不同方面并列出來(lái)加以比較或?qū)Ρ?。高考完形填空題常常利用句子之間的對(duì)比關(guān)系或者同一個(gè)句子的不同部分之間的對(duì)比關(guān)系設(shè)計(jì)題目。如,A pupil who ca

29、n do his homework in a quiet and_59_room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable,【分析】本題利用相似短語(yǔ)之間的對(duì)比關(guān)系來(lái)命題。設(shè)空部分與下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在對(duì)比關(guān)系。作者想借此說(shuō)明“相同的作業(yè)”對(duì)

30、于“不同家庭背景的學(xué)生”所表現(xiàn)出的事實(shí)上的不公平。答案為C。,If he did not know them, he would greet them with a few words about the weather, 15 he did, he would ask about their families or make 16 , always cutting his cloth 17 his customers. 15. A. and then B. and so C. even if D. but if,【解析】本題考查了相似句型的對(duì)比關(guān)系。空格處要填的部分與前部分if he did

31、 not know them形成對(duì)比，這句話的大意是說(shuō)：如果店主認(rèn)識(shí)那些顧客了，就會(huì)詢(xún)問(wèn)他們的家庭或是開(kāi)些玩笑。,D,11. 利用平行結(jié)構(gòu)解題,平行結(jié)構(gòu)指的是結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似，意思密切關(guān)聯(lián)，語(yǔ)法一致的句子或詞組成串排列的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象。這些結(jié)構(gòu)的形式整齊勻稱(chēng)，內(nèi)容聯(lián)系緊密。命題者常從平行結(jié)構(gòu)的句式相同或相似這一角度，利用其表現(xiàn)意義的關(guān)聯(lián)或?qū)Ρ冗@一特點(diǎn)來(lái)設(shè)空。高考完形填空短文常常會(huì)出現(xiàn)這樣一些平行結(jié)構(gòu)，掌握這些結(jié)構(gòu)極為相似的句子可大大提高我們的解題效率。如：,Many people now think that teachers give pupils too much homework. They s

32、ay that it is_51_for children to work at home in their free time. _52_, they argue that most teachers do not_53_ plan the homework tasks they give to pupils. 51. A. unnecessary B. uninteresting C. unfortunate D. unimportant 52. A. Nevertheless B. however C. Therefore D. Moreover 53. A. considerably

33、B. favorably C. properly D. pleasantly,A,D,C,【解析】排比結(jié)構(gòu)由Many people think that.They say that.they argue that.所組成。在意義上表現(xiàn)了人們（學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)）對(duì)學(xué)生課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)過(guò)重的抱怨。該結(jié)構(gòu)中所設(shè)置的三個(gè)空格的正確填入，要求考生首先把握結(jié)構(gòu)所體現(xiàn)的“主題” 抱怨作業(yè)太多。其次，要求考生理解三句之間在表達(dá)意義上的遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。即：作業(yè)過(guò)多“too much homework”；所以，課余學(xué)生在家做作業(yè)是沒(méi)必要的“unnecessary”；不僅如此，教師對(duì)作業(yè)的設(shè)計(jì)也不合適“not properly”。故答案

34、分別為A、D、C。,Companies with low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them _42_ and active. 42. A. alive B. vivid C. mobile D. diverse,【解析】因空格處與and后面的active是平行的，所以答案為與active意思相近的alive。,12. 利用暗示和對(duì)應(yīng)解題,完形填空題中雖然也穿插了對(duì)語(yǔ)法、短語(yǔ)和詞的辨析、句子結(jié)構(gòu)的考查等，但對(duì)文章故事情節(jié)發(fā)

35、展線索的邏輯考查仍是重點(diǎn)。暗示與上下對(duì)應(yīng)的思維方法，是突破此類(lèi)完形填空最關(guān)鍵的思維方式。考生在做題時(shí)要有全局觀念，進(jìn)行連貫性思維，做題時(shí)要把每個(gè)空白處的含義與前后句的意思聯(lián)系起來(lái)理解，進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷。難選之處前后通常多有暗示，這種暗示多為后面暗示前面。如：,.he would join student groups to discuss a variety of _47_: agriculture, diving and mathematics. questions B. subjects C. matters D. contents Everybody moved quickly i

36、n order to 6 the seats they wanted. I was 7 to get a seat near the tail, but 6. A. fetch B. hold C. keep D. get,【解析】此題后面的冒號(hào)部分有提示：agriculture，diving and mathematics是他們談話討論的話題，由此可得出本題的答案為B。,【解析】本題的答案可由后面的get a seat得出。,.I raised the pistol and fired. The animal fell backwards with an angry cry. Father

37、took the _38_ smoking pistol from my hand , and fired another shot, which killed the gorilla. 38. A. still B. yet C. even D. already,14.利用語(yǔ)氣副詞的情景解題,15. 綜合利用各種線索解題,完形填空題主要考查短文閱讀理解的能力。因此考生必須閱讀全文，弄清句子與句子之間的關(guān)系，準(zhǔn)確理解全文。為了答好題，考生必須從字里行間尋找能夠利用的線索。如書(shū)寫(xiě)和形態(tài)變化線索(graphic and morphological clues)、詞匯線索(lexical clues

38、)、句法線索(syntactical clues)、社會(huì)文化線索(socio-cultural clues)，并根據(jù)有關(guān)的線索進(jìn)行猜測(cè)，作出合理的判斷。如： 有時(shí)題目的答案在短文中就有出現(xiàn)，如能找出線索，解題就易如反掌。如：,And the clerk confirmed that his plane was leaving at nine oclock three days from that day Since he was _44_ in three days, Andy didnt lose anytime. 44. A. moving B. returning C. staying

39、D. leaving,【解析】單從這句來(lái)看，考生實(shí)難判斷出正確答案，但如果結(jié)合前文，就可以找到設(shè)空部分的解題線索上文中出現(xiàn)的詞匯leaving。故本題答案為D。,D,Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their 12 . exercises B. defects C. mistakes D. tests,【解析】許多專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)簡(jiǎn)單地看看孩子的作業(yè)，并讓他們自己重新思考自己做的練習(xí)。能與句中work照應(yīng)的只有選項(xiàng)A。

40、,A,Four methods(四種常用的方法)：,1、context 上下文語(yǔ)境 2、word distinctions or collocations 詞語(yǔ)辨析和固定搭配 3、information given in the passage 利用文章中的信息（原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞和反義詞等） 4、cultural background and common sense 文化背景和常識(shí),例 His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43

41、about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight. （2003年全國(guó)） 43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked 44. A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker,1) 根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境來(lái)確定最佳選項(xiàng) 近年來(lái)的完形填空試題在選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置上越來(lái)越淡化語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，重在文意的干擾，即把具體的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)溶進(jìn)具體的語(yǔ)言情景中去，考查考生通過(guò)上下文的前后提示或暗示，對(duì)整體文意進(jìn)行把握的能力。這種考查方式所占的比例較大。,例1the mother was h

42、olding their baby daughter, Ally. The little girl had some food stuck in her throat, and could hardly breathe. Mr. White drove them to the 2 hospital. The ambulance was running very fast along the road. 2. A. best B. biggest C. nearest D. Childrens,例2 But we ran so fast that, afterwards, we had trou

43、ble _. A. speaking B. sleeping C. breathing D. moving,2) 根據(jù)生活常識(shí)及文化背景知識(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯推理,The other day I was sitting in a small restaurant 1(having) a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 2 me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking. It wasnt long 3 the whole room was filled wit

44、h smoke. 2. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed 3. A. ago B. after C. before D. now,例,3) 根據(jù)詞語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣用法和固定句型結(jié)構(gòu)等來(lái)選擇答案。 ,例1 When the papers were _, she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test. A. examined B. completed C. marked D. answered,例2：She noticed how nervous he was and suggested he should stand near the stage where he could watch and follow the play.It was a good 1 of getting rid of his nervousness, she said. She was right, it seemed to 2 . A. idea B. way C. path D. plan A. do B. win