1、unit 5first aid,單詞注釋,難句剖析,導讀誘思,看到老人或小孩摔倒在地時,你知道該如何救助嗎? dealing with falls falls are common in young children and old people.although most falls result in slight bumps and bruises,some falls can cause serious injuries that require immediate medical attention. do not move the person and call for emerg

2、ency help if the person: has seriously injured the head,neck,or back is unconscious or briefly unconscious is having difficulty breathing isnt breathing has clear liquid or blood coming from the nose,ears or mouth,單詞注釋,難句剖析,導讀誘思,call a doctor or seek medical attention if the person: becomes very sle

3、epy and is difficult to wake up vomits more than two or three times complains of neck or back pain complains of increasing pain anywhere on the body isnt walking normally doesnt seem to be focusing his or her eyes normally has any behavior or symptoms that worry you if you think its safe to move the

4、 person: place an ice pack on any bumps or bruises let the person rest,as needed,for the next few hours watch the person closely for the next 24 hours for any unusual symptoms or behavior,單詞注釋,難句剖析,導讀誘思,think prevention! never leave young children on any bed or other furniture alone.always fasten ch

5、ildren into high chairs or shopping carts.always fasten kids into safety seats when riding in motor vehicles,and make sure they always wear helmets when biking or skating or when using skateboards. note: all information is for educational purposes only.for specific medical advice,consult a doctor.,單

6、詞注釋,難句剖析,導讀誘思,bump /bmp/ n.腫塊 unconscious /nkns/ adj.失去知覺的 vomit /vmit/ v.嘔吐 helmet /helmit/ n.頭盔,難句剖析,導讀誘思,單詞注釋,although most falls result in slight bumps and bruises,some falls can cause serious injuries that require immediate medical attention. 譯文:盡管大多數(shù)摔跤只會造成輕微腫脹和瘀青,但有些摔跤會造成嚴重傷害,需要立即進行醫(yī)療救治。 剖析:本句

7、是復合句,although引導讓步狀語從句。在主句中that require.attention是定語從句,修飾先行詞injuries。,難句剖析,導讀誘思,單詞注釋,1.what should you do if you find a person falling down and having trouble breathing? 答案:call for emergency help. 2.what should you do if the person complains of neck or back pain? 答案:call a doctor or seek medical att

8、ention.,section warming up,pre-reading,reading 起作用,阻止做某事,觸覺,被燒傷,多種多樣,一,二,三,四,b.知新:從文中找出與下列釋義相對應的英文 1.生病 2.在適當?shù)奈恢?3.觸電;電休克 4.急救 5.榨出;擠出 6.反復;多次,fall ill,in place,electric shock,first aid,squeeze out,over and over again,一,二,三,四,三、閱讀課文first aid for burns,回答下列問題 1.what is your bodys largest organ? a.the

9、 head.b.the skin. c.the leg.d.the arm. 2.how many types of burns are there altogether? a.one.b.two. c.three.d.four.,答案:b,答案:c,一,二,三,四,3.burns caused by hot liquids are usually thought to be . a.first degree burns b.second degree burns c.third degree burns d.the most severe burns 4.what are character

10、istics of first degree burns? a.black and white and charred. b.rough,red and swollen. c.rough,red and dry. d.dry,red and mildly swollen.,答案:b,答案:d,一,二,三,四,5.when someone is burned,what should be done first? a.remove clothing. b.dry the burned area gently. c.cool burns immediately. d.get the victim t

11、o the doctor or hospital.,答案:a,一,二,三,四,四、根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容填空 first aid is a temporary form of help 1.(give)to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets 2. (injure)before a doctor can 3. (find).in this passage,we have studied the first aid for burns.the skin is an essential part of your body.it keeps you warm or c

12、ool.it prevents your body 4.(lose)too much water.you can get burned 5. hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation and so on.there are three types of burns 6.(call)first,second and third degree burns.when someone gets burned,we will carry out first aid 7. (treat)by different degrees.remove clothing from the bu

13、rned area 8. it is stuck 9. the burn.cover the burned area with a dry,clean bandage 10. will not stick to the skin.then immediately take him or her to the hospital.,given,injured,be found,from losing,by,called,treatment,unless,to,that,1,2,3,4,1.first aid is a temporary form of help given to someone

14、who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. 急救是在找到醫(yī)生之前,對突然病倒或受傷人員的一種臨時救助。 剖析本句的主干是first aid is a temporary form of help,before引導的是一個時間狀語從句;在主句中還包含了一個由who引導的定語從句,修飾先行詞someone;given to someone是過去分詞短語作后置定語修飾a temporary form of help。,5,6,7,8,9,1,2,3,4,考點一 aid n.詞組aid sb with sth

15、的含義是:在某方面幫助某人。,5,6,7,8,9,1,2,3,4,aid的其他常用短語: do/give first aid(對傷患者)進行急救 with the aid/help of sb=with sbs aid/help 在某人的幫助下 aid sb to do sth幫助某人去做某事 aid sb in doing sth幫助某人做某事,5,6,7,8,9,1,2,3,4,考點二 fall ill生病 the famous actor fell ill because of that long journey. 那位著名的演員由于那次漫長的旅行生病了。 注意:fall在這里是連系動詞

16、,在短語中意為“變得,變成”。類似的短語還有: fall asleep 入睡 fall silent 沉默 fall in love 相愛 辨析:fall ill和be ill fall ill表示動作,不和一段時間連用。 be ill表示生病的狀態(tài),常和一段時間連用。,5,6,7,8,9,1,2,3,4,考點三 injure用作及物動詞,意為“使受傷”。 in the traffic accident sixteen people were killed and twenty-three people were injured. 在那次交通事故中,16人死亡,23人受傷。 1)injury

17、n.損傷;傷害 in the accident he suffered severe injuries to the head and arms. 在事故中他的頭部和雙臂受了重傷。 2)injured adj.受傷的 the injured受傷的人們 the injured in this accident were sent to the nearest hospital. 這次事故中受傷的人們被送往最近的醫(yī)院。,5,6,7,8,9,1,2,3,4,活學活用 語法填空 1)when we meet these injuries,we should do first aid to the (i

18、njure) or call the first aid center. 2)i havent seen tom recently.whats wrong with him? oh,im sorry to tell you he has (fall) ill. 句子翻譯 3)他在踢足球的時候傷了膝蓋。(injure) 4)我打算幫助她學習英語。(aid) 5)他什么時候生病的?(fall ill),injured,fallen,答案:he injured his knee while(he was) playing football.,答案:im going to aid her to lea

19、rn english./im going to aid her in learning english./im going to aid her with english.,答案:when did he fall ill?,5,6,7,8,9,1,2,3,4,2.if possible,discuss what kind of first aid you should give in these situations. 如果可能的話,討論一下在這些情況下你們應該實施哪種急救。 剖析 if possible為省略句結(jié)構(gòu),完整的句子是if it is possible。 call me tonig

20、ht if (it is) possible. 如果可能的話,今晚給我打個電話。 whenever (it is) possible,he will come to my aid. 他一有可能就來幫助我。 when(i was) waiting for a bus,i met tom. 我在等公交車時碰到了湯姆。 注意:從句結(jié)構(gòu)為連詞+it is (was)+形容詞時,其從句結(jié)構(gòu)可省略為連詞加形容詞;另外,由once,if,as,unless,though,when等引導的狀語從句,如果主句主語和從句主語一致,且從句中謂語動詞是be+v.-ed或v.-ing時,其從句結(jié)構(gòu)可省略為連詞加v.-e

21、d或v.-ing。,5,6,7,8,9,1,2,3,4,if any 如果有的話(表示數(shù)量) if ever 如果曾經(jīng)的話(表示頻率) if so 如果是的話 if not 如果不是的話 errors should be corrected,if any. 如果有什么錯誤,就應該改正。 i seldom see him,if ever. 即使我見過他,次數(shù)也不多。 it sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine.if so,wed better take it to the garage immediately. 聽起來車的發(fā)動機出

22、問題了,如果這樣的話,我們最好送去修車廠。,5,6,7,8,9,1,2,3,4,活學活用 語法填空 1)how are they getting on with their work? all goes well as (plan). 2)i will come to your birthday party possible. 句子翻譯 3)如果有必要的話,我們可以向他求助。 把下面的句子補充完整 4)the actor threw himself off the horse as if shot.,planned,if,答案:if necessary,we may/can turn to h

23、im for help.,he was,5,6,7,8,9,1,2,3,4,3.so as you can imagine,if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. 因此,你可以想象到,如果你的皮膚燒傷了,就可能非常嚴重。 剖析1)本句是一個復合句,as you can imagine是一個插入語。 2)if引導的是一個條件狀語從句,其中g(shù)et burned是“系動詞+過去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)。 “get+過去分詞”的用法:get被用來代替助動詞be和過去分詞連用,構(gòu)成被動結(jié)構(gòu),表示某一事件或事故的發(fā)生,著重強調(diào)動作的發(fā)生。 the dog go

24、t killed when it was crossing the road. 那條狗過馬路時被車撞死了。,5,6,7,8,9,1,2,3,4,his money got stolen while he was shopping. 他在購物的時候錢被偷了。 she got (herself) paid before she went on a holiday. 她在休假前(設法)領(lǐng)到了工資。 3)表示狀態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)化 get married 結(jié)婚 get dressed 穿衣服 get changed 換衣服,5,6,7,8,9,1,2,3,4,活學活用 語法填空 1)construction wo

25、rkers usually get (pay) by the day. 2)jane,hurry up.im afraid you wont have time to get (change) before the party. 3)he got (hit) by a ball when he passed the playground. 4)his finger got (catch) in the door.,paid,changed,hit,caught,5,6,7,8,9,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,4.you can get burned by a variety of th

26、ings:hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation(by being close to high heat or fire,etc),the sun,electricity or chemicals. 你可能由于各種原因而燒傷:灼熱的液體、水蒸氣、火、輻射(由于靠近高溫或大火等)、陽光、電或化學物品。 考點一variety n.變化;多樣(化);多變(性) his writing lacks variety. 他的寫作風格單調(diào)。 at school we learn varieties of things. 在學校我們學習各種東西。 we should give var

27、iety to this program. 我們應該使這個節(jié)目豐富多彩。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,1)a variety of=varieties of各種各樣的 【高考典句】(2015安徽高考)the presenter will show how students can use prezi to confidently present on a variety of topics,including introducing family,friends,and hobbies. 演示者向?qū)W生展示怎么能用prezi自信地展示不同的話題,包括介紹家人、朋友和愛好。 2)vario

28、us adj.各種各樣的 vary vt.使多樣化vi.變化,不同,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,考點二close to靠近;接近 he got close to me. 他靠近了我。 i live close to the post office. 我住的地方離郵局近。 歸納:close to常與get,live,be等動詞連用,其中close可以是形容詞,也可以是副詞。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,close to還有以下含義: 接近于;差不多 the cost was close to $1 million. 成本將近100萬美元。 he came close to dea

29、th in the accident. 在那次事故中,他與死神擦肩而過。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,活學活用 語法填空 1)(2015福建高考改編)teams of four,dressed in a variety strange and funny clothes,roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. 2)our diets need (variety). 3)it was raining heavily.little mary felt cold so she stood close her mother.,of,var

30、iety,to,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,5.burns are called first,second or third degree burns,depending on which layers of the skin are burned. 根據(jù)皮膚燒傷的層次分為一度燒傷、二度燒傷和三度燒傷。 剖析本句中的名詞詞組first,second or third degree burns作主語(burns)的補足語;depending on which layers of the skin are burned在句中作狀語。 被動語態(tài)的主語補足語與主動語態(tài)的賓語補足語是密切相關(guān)的。

31、 he named his son tom.(主動語態(tài)的賓語補足語) 在本句中his son為賓語,tom為賓語補足語。 his son was named tom.(被動語態(tài)的主語補足語) 在本句中his son為主語,tom為主語補足語。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,含有主語補足語的句子一般是被動語態(tài),并且謂語動詞或詞組應該能夠接復合賓語(賓語+賓語補足語),常見的這類動詞有elect,call,name,make,find,leave,consider等。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,活學活用 語法填空 1)this coastal area (name) a natio

32、nal wildlife reserve last year. 將下列句子改為被動結(jié)構(gòu) 2)we call him mr wang. 3)they made their workers work day and night.,was named,he is called mr wang (by us).,their workers were made to work day and night (by them).,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,6.examples include burns caused by electric shocks,burning clothes,or se

33、vere petrol fires. 例如由電擊引起的燒傷,因衣服起火引起的燒傷,或因汽油起火引起的燒傷。 考點electric shock 觸電;電休克 his burn was caused by an electric shock. 他的燒傷是由觸電引起的。 i got an electric shock from the wire. 我被這根電線電擊了一下。 注意:electric shock指電流流經(jīng)人體,造成生理傷害的事故,可指觸電、雷擊等傷害。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,活學活用 完成句子 觸電奪走了他的生命。 killed him.,an electric shock

34、,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,7.dry,red and mildly swollen 干燥、發(fā)紅、微腫 剖析 副詞mildly作狀語修飾形容詞swollen 考點swollen adj. 腫脹的 his face was swollen with insect bites. 他的臉因為昆蟲的叮咬而腫起來了。 歸納:swell常與介詞with連用。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,swell vi.腫脹 swell up 腫脹;膨脹 his ankles began to swell. 他的腳踝開始腫了起來。 his face swelled up with the toothac

35、he. 他的臉因為牙疼而腫起來了。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,活學活用 語法填空 1)when he fell over his own feet,his left ankle was sprained(扭傷),his right hand became (swell) and his nose bleeding. 2)some insects bit her face and soon it began (swell).,swollen,to swell,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,8.for second degree burns,keep cloths cool by

36、putting them back in a basin of cold water,squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad. 對于二度燒傷,要保持濕布清涼,需要把濕布放回冷水盆中,擰出水后再放在燒傷面上,這樣要反反復復地做一個小時左右,直到不太痛時為止。 考點一squeeze out 榨出;擠出 he took off his wet clothes and squeezed the wat

37、er out. 他脫下濕衣服,擰干了水。 you should squeeze out some time to visit your old friends. 你應該擠出點時間去拜訪你的老朋友。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,1)閱讀下列句子,體會squeeze的詞性、搭配及意義 he squeezed the tube hard and the last bit of toothpaste came out. 他使勁擠牙膏管,擠出了最后一點牙膏。 詞性:及物動詞含義:擠壓,壓榨 the dog squeezed through the small hole in the wall.

38、那條狗擠過了小小的墻洞。 搭配:squeeze through意義:擠過 i want to squeeze the juice out of/from the lemon. 我想從這個檸檬中榨出檸檬汁。 搭配:squeeze.out of/from.意義:從中榨出,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,there were already five people in the car,but i managed to squeeze in. 車里已經(jīng)坐了5個人,我還是努力擠了進去。 搭配:squeeze in意義:擠入;塞入 2)與squeeze相關(guān)的常用短語: squeeze from從榨取 squeeze up (使)擠攏些;使擠在一起,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,考點二over and over again 反復;多次 the reporters asked her the same question over and over again.記者們反復問她同一個問題。 he mentioned that rumor over and over again. 同義詞組:over and over,again and again,