1、四級作文,考試大綱對寫作的要求： 詳細規(guī)定了考試時間、作文長度、題目類型和寫作內(nèi)容: 第一部分：寫作，共一題，考試時間30分鐘。要求學生寫出一篇不少于120詞的短文。試卷上一般給出題目或規(guī)定場景、或給出段首句要求續(xù)寫、或要求看圖作文、或給出關鍵詞，要求寫成短文。要求能夠正確表達思想、意義連貫、無重大語法錯誤。寫作內(nèi)容包括日常生活和一般常識。 短文寫作部分的目的是“測試學生用英語書面表達思想的初步能力”,四級作文,四級作文題型： 現(xiàn)象解釋型： 對比分析型； 問題解決型； 觀點論證型； 應用文。,四級作文現(xiàn)象解釋型,這類作文多為提綱式作文或圖表式作文，說明文體裁。這類命題要求考生對某一社會現(xiàn)象進行

2、解釋，并加以評論。這類作文的基本模式是： 第一段：解釋現(xiàn)象； 第二段：解釋或闡述這種現(xiàn)象或存在的原因； 第三段：提出建議或總結觀點。 例：2007.12 Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short passage entitled What Electives to Choose. You should write at least 120 words following he outline given below: 1. 各大學為學生開設了多種多樣的選修課 2. 學生出于各種原因選擇不同的選修課

3、 3. 以我自己為例,四級作文現(xiàn)象解釋型,范文 What Electives to Choose Nowadays, there exist a wide range of selective courses in college which are ready for the undergraduates to choose from. These courses make the students college life more colorful. However, as for the purpose of choosing the selective courses, differ

4、ent students have different opinions. Some students choose more selective courses just to get more knowledge, so that they could be well-prepared for the future job hunting, and find a satisfactory job. Some students just want to extend their interests. Some students believe that the knowledge in th

5、e text book is limited, thus they should choose more course in order that they can enjoy,四級作文現(xiàn)象解釋型,a more colorful college life. And the others have no definite aim but to finish their studies. As far as I am concerned, I just want to learn more knowledge for my future life and job. And I dont care

6、about the scores or the grade I would have got. I just want to be a man with sharp, vivid and imaginative mind with different knowledge which is not limited to my major. So I think more knowledge can make my future life easier and more interesting.,四級作文現(xiàn)象解釋型,a more colorful college life. And the oth

7、ers have no definite aim but to finish their studies. As far as I am concerned, I just want to learn more knowledge for my future life and job. And I dont care about the scores or the grade I would have got. I just want to be a man with sharp, vivid and imaginative mind with different knowledge whic

8、h is not limited to my major. So I think more knowledge can make my future life easier and more interesting.,四級作文現(xiàn)象解釋型寫作模板, Recently, . 描述現(xiàn)象，引起話題 What amazes us most is 表現(xiàn)較為典型的一個方面 It is true that . 對于現(xiàn)象做出的評論 There are many reasons explaining 承上啟下,解釋這一現(xiàn)象的原因 The main reason is 說明原因一 What is more, 原因二

9、,四級作文現(xiàn)象解釋型寫作模板,Thirdly, 原因三 As a result, . 講述導致的結果 Considering all these, . 作者的態(tài)度 For one thing, . 觀點一 11For another, . 11觀點二 12In conclusion, . 12總結全文,四級作文現(xiàn)象解釋型,Writing Exercise: Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short passage entitled On Self-employment of College Gra

10、duates. You should write at least 120 words following he outline given below: 1. 政府鼓勵大學畢業(yè)生自主創(chuàng)業(yè)，對具有創(chuàng)新意識的開發(fā)項目給予一定的經(jīng)濟支持。 2. 產(chǎn)生這一現(xiàn)象的原因。 3. 我的觀點。,四級作文對比選擇型,這類作文多為提綱式作文，議論文體裁。通常首先論述相反的兩個觀點，或分析評論某一社會現(xiàn)象的優(yōu)缺點，然后給出自己的見解和看法，是四級考試中最常見的一種作文形式。這類作文的基本模式是：分三個自然段來論述。 第一段：論述一些人對某一事物或現(xiàn)象的看法，或某一事物的優(yōu)點； 第二段：論述另一些人對此事物或現(xiàn)象的

11、看法，或某一事物的缺點； 第三段：表明自己的觀點。 在寫這類作文時，特別要注意在對比的段落之間使用一些表示轉折關系的詞匯或句子，如：however，on the other hand，in contrast with/to等，使文章看起來流暢自然。,四級作文對比選擇型,例：2006.12 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay entitled Spring Festival Gala on CCTV. You should write at least 120 words foll

12、owing the outline given bellow: 1. 許多人喜歡在除夕觀看春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會 2. 有些人卻提出取消春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會 3. 在我看來,四級作文對比選擇型,范文： The Spring Festival Gala performed on CCTV on New Years Eve, as a form of celebration of Chinese lunar New Year, has been considered indispensable by all Chinese people for over two decades. People are accust

13、omed to enjoying the grand sight and sound it presents as a brilliant feast. However, there are more and more people claiming to cancel it in recent years. With the roaring development of economy, various mass media come out like the bamboo shoots after spring rain. As a result, more fascinating pro

14、grams are available in the daily life. Moreover, the program at Spring Festival Gala has remained nearly the same from since it was born.,四級作文對比選擇型,As far as I am concerned, I prefer the program to stay. Because it serves not only as entertainment but an occasion for the families to gather, chat and

15、 laugh. Of course it is supposed to be improved to draw attention, with more diverse forms. In a word, the Spring Festival Gala is a tradition and treasure of the Chinese people, and we still need it, maybe a better one.,四級作文對比選擇型作文模板,Topic: 1.When it comes to , different people hold different views

16、 . 兩種觀點的爭論焦點 2.Some contend that . 觀點一 3.For one thing, . 觀點一的理由1 4.For another, . 觀點二的理由2 5.In spite of all these claims, others maintain that 與觀點一對立的觀點二,四級作文對比選擇型作文模板,6. They point out that . 觀點二的理由1 7.Another instance often cited is that . 觀點二的理由2 8.Its no easy task to find a satisfactory answer

17、to the issue. 小結論 9.As for me, theres some truth to both arguments . 引入自己的觀點 10.Its advisable to . 個人的結論,四級作文對比選擇型,Writing Exercise: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short passage entitled Recreational Activities. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given be

18、low: 1.娛樂活動多種多樣 2.娛樂活動可以使人們受益，也可能帶來危害 3.作為大學生，我認為,四級作文對比選擇型,It goes without saying that there are a wide variety of recreational activities nowadays, which may cater to the needs of different people. Those who love sports can play football, basketball or tennis as they like; meanwhile, others may fi

19、nd more pleasure in playing cards or mahjong.,四級作文對比選擇型,While some recreational activities are beneficial, other activities can do harm to people. A case in point for the former situation is sports and games. These activities can help improve peoples health and mental well-being. Whats more, they ca

20、n enhance friendship among people, just as the Beijing Olympics will do. On the other hand, if people prefer bad activities, they will have to suffer. For example, many people prefer gambling, and when they lose money, some of them will commit crimes.,四級作文對比選擇型,As a college student, I hold to the be

21、lief that we should engage in healthy and useful recreational activities and stay away from the harmful ones. Only in this way are we able to build a harmonious society in our country.,四級作文問題解決型,這類作文一般為提綱式作文，多為說明文。 通常首先提出一個有待解決的問題，然后要求考生就該問題提出解決方法、途徑，有時還要求考生最后談論適合自己的方法。 這類題型的基本模式是： 第一段：提出問題或闡述某件事情的重

22、要性或意義； 第二段：列舉說明處理某事的方式或解決某個問題的途徑； 第三段：針對第二段所闡述的方法給予簡要的評論，也可提出個人建議或選擇，并闡述理由。 此題型的寫作重點在How，即解決問題的辦法。,四級作文問題解決型,例：2001、1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Succeed in a Job Interview? You should write at least 100 words, and base your co

23、mposition on the outline given in Chinese below: 1. 面試在求職過程中的作用 2. 取得面試成功的因素：儀表、舉止談吐、能力、專業(yè)知識、自信、實事求是,四級作文問題解決型,范文： How to Succeed in a Job Interview There has been a discussion recently about the interview. It is true to the present situation that the interview becomes indispensable in seeking a job

24、. For one thing, if a job seeker can make the best use of the interview and leaves a good impression on the mind of the interviewer, he may be lucky enough to get the job competed for by many applicants. For another, if the job hunter gives a poor performance during the interview, he is unlikely to

25、stand a chance. As is known to all, there are many ways to make an excellent performance in an interview. First of all, the applicant ought to pay attention to his appearance and manner of speaking. Furthermore, he is supposed to display his ability, especially,四級作文問題解決型,his grasp of professional kn

26、owledge required by the position for which he is applying. The last but not the least, a really impressive job seeker must convey a sense of self-confidence and a practical attitude toward the cause concerned. In brief, if the interviewee displays these characteristics and presents his most attracti

27、ve qualities during the interview, the interviewer might make an on-the-spot decision to take him on. In conclusion, the job interview is indeed important. Wed better pay attention to the skills. Accordingly, if the interviewee has made full preparations for it and given a fairly confident and hones

28、t performance, his or her success can be ensured.,四級作文問題解決型作文模板,Topic: 1.With the of ， . 問題出現(xiàn)的背景 2.So it is of great importance for us to . 提出問題 3.On the one hand, . 問題的后果一 4.On the other hand, . 問題的后果二 5.However, we have figured out many ways to . 提出解決這一問題的方法,四級作文問題解決型作文模板,6.Firstly, . 解決方法一 7.So l

29、ong as . 進一步說明方法一 8.Secondly, . 方法二 9.Thirdly, . 方法三 10.In fact, . 提出解決問題的根本途徑 11. That is because . 11支持句的理由 12. In a word, . 12總結全文,四級作文問題解決型,Writing Exercise: How Can Laid-off Workers Find New Jobs? 1. 很多下崗工人很難找到新的工作。 2. 如何幫助他們。,四級作文問題解決型,The market economy has brought China both benefits and hea

30、daches, one of which is the problem of finding new jobs for laid-off workers. There is no denying that serious social problems will arise unless this problem is properly solved. As a result, it is essential to explore ways to get laid-off workers back to work.,四級作文問題解決型,Serious as the problem seems,

31、 we can find some solutions to it. To begin with, priority should be given to the expansion of tertiary industry (第三產(chǎn)業(yè)) because tertiary industry can create a great number of positions with few restrictions on age, education, skill, etc. Also, little capital is needed to set up enterprises in this f

32、ield. In addition, the laid-off workers have to update their skills to meet the demands of the society, just as the old saying goes, “God helps those who help themselves.”,四級作文問題解決型,Last but not least, they should stop relying on the state and throw away any worries about their “face” while doing “l(fā)

33、ow” jobs such as washing dishes at restaurants or sending newspapers to households. Once the habit of dependency is cracked, then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving their living standards.,四級作文觀點論證型,這一類作文多為提綱式作文，議論文體裁，通常是圍繞某一事物或觀點進行論證，有時以格言或諺語為議論對象，要求考生提供論據(jù)加以說明。(近十年四級考試中觀點論

34、證型作文共出現(xiàn)一次 ) 第一段：提出論點 第二段：例證論點 第三段：得出結論或表明個人看法或做法 注意表明自己觀點的時候要清楚明白，不能含含糊糊。 例：2003、1 For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic It Pays to Be Honest. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 當前社會上存在許多不誠實的現(xiàn)象 2. 誠實利人利已

35、，做人應該誠實,四級作文觀點論證型,范文 It is well-known that nowadays dishonesty is a common phenomenon in society. For example, many people would spend a lot of money on a fake diploma in order to get a good job. And poor students tend to cheat on exams. Whats more, greedy advertisers may lure customers into buying

36、fake commodities. Even such “decent” and famous figure as Liu Xiaoqing, once considered as Chinas movie queen, has cheated the government on income taxes. However, honesty is always seen as an important part of the human character. First of all, if you treat others fairly, those associating with you

37、 will certainly profit from your sincerity. Meanwhile, a sense of trust builds up in their hearts, which, in turn, will earn you more true friends. And that will,四級作文觀點論證型,benefit you in the long run. Therefore, it is essential for everyone to maintain an honest attitude towards the whole society. I

38、n a word, honesty wins trust, respect and honor. It pays to be honest.,四級作文觀點論證型寫作模板,觀點論證型模板一： It is well known that (2) The truth of it is self-evident. (3) No one can deny . (4) Therefore . (5) Many examples can be found to prove .(6) Take as a typical example. (7) People _ . (8) Further more . (9

39、) It goes without saying that .(10) Then .(11) There is no doubt that.(12) In conclusion .,四級作文觀點論證型寫作模板,觀點論證型模板二： (1) It is believed that . (2) The truth is deep and profound. (3) As we know . (4) Conse-quently . (5) A case in point is .(6) This is close to suggest . (7) It is true that _.(8) In ad

40、dition . (9) All mentioned above tells us .(10) As a matter of fact . (11) There is no denying that,四級作文圖表類,圖表作文是四級寫作中難度較大的一種寫作題型。這類作文可綜合提供題目、數(shù)據(jù)、圖像、提綱，形式多樣 。寫作類型來看，文體多以說明文和議論文為主。 涉及5個方面：描述圖表、指明寓意、分析原因、聯(lián)系實際、給出建議。而每次考試只是從這5個方面的內(nèi)容中選出3個結合在一起。 寫圖表作文時對圖表和數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)容不必全部描述，只需重點引用能支持觀點的一些數(shù)據(jù)。分析圖表時切不可憑空想象，要善于抓住總的規(guī)律和

41、趨勢。 第一段：描述圖表中的基本信息，即數(shù)據(jù)的變化。 第二段: 論述導致數(shù)值變化的原因。 第三段：描述對未來趨勢的預測。,四級作文圖表類,圖表作文常用句型 As is shown in the graph 如圖所示The graph shows that 圖表顯示As can be seen from the table, 從表格中可以看出From the chart, we know that 從這張表中,我們可知All these data clearly prove the fact that所有這些數(shù)據(jù)明顯證明這一事實,即The increase of . in the city ha

42、s reached to 20%.這個城市的.增長已達到20%.In 1985, the number remained the same.1985年,這個數(shù)字保持不變.There was a gradual decline in 1989.1989年,出現(xiàn)了逐漸下降的情況.,四級作文圖表類,1）Describe the changes indicated in the table. 2） The reasons for the change. 3） Make predictions about the future tendency.,四級作文圖表類,What is shown in the

43、 table above indicates that dramatic changes have taken place in the daily expenses in Xian from 1995 to 1999. The expenses on food have declined by 30% while those on clothing and recreation have increased respectively by 9% and 7%.,四級作文圖表類,There are two factors accounting for these changes. In the

44、 first place, the risen income resulting from economic growth plays a vital role in the less expense on food. In the second place, when food presents no worry to the average, people begin to focus more of their interest on handsome appearance and happy leisure time. As a result of such a shift, spen

45、ding on clothing and recreation increases year by year.,四級作文圖表類,From the analyses made above, with the further growth in economy and more changes in life style, the tendency indicated in the table will continue in the better direction.,臨場寫作技巧,黃金三原則 1. 提綱式寫作：直接把三個句子翻譯出來，作為每段的topic sentence 2. 確定主題段落，

46、做到詳略得到； 3. 換位思考，加入醒目、吸引評卷人眼球的細節(jié)信息，句子要正確、出彩,06年12月 1. 許多人喜歡在除夕觀看春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會 2. 有些人卻提出取消春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會 3. 在我看來 07年6月 1. 本社團的主要活動內(nèi)容 2. 參加本社團的好處 3. 如何加入本社團,寫作技巧：四級作文開頭句型薈萃,1-1. 對立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法, 適用于有爭議性的主題. 例如(e.g) 1. When asked about., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that . But I th

47、ink/view a bit differently. 2. When it comes to . , some people believe that . Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter .) 3. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged tha

48、t . They claim/ believe/argue that . But I wonder/doubt whether.,四級作文使用率最高的主體基本句式,2-2. 表示看法 1). On this phenomenon, opinion vary. Some hold/believe that . Others, on the contrary, argue that.In my opinion, I agree with the latter opinion. 2). Views vary concerning this phenomenon, some people hold t

49、hat. However, other people dont agree with this opinion, they claim that. As far as Im concerned, I aide with the second view. 3). People have (take, adopt, assume) different attitudes towards. 4). People take different opinions/views on this problem/phenomenon. 5). There has been a heated discussio

50、n over/as to whether . 6). As is often pointed out by some people=Some people think that,寫作技巧：四級作文開頭句型薈萃,1-2. 現(xiàn)象法 引出要剖析的現(xiàn)象或者問題, 然后評論 . e.g 1). Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) . has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern. 2). Recently the issue of the problem of/the phen

51、omenon of .has been brought into focus. ( has been brought to public attention) 3). Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality . is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.,寫作技巧：四級作文開頭句型薈萃,1-3. 觀點法 -開門見山,直接了當?shù)靥岢鲎约簩σ懻摰膯栴}的看法. 1). Now people in growing/significant n

52、umbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that. 2). Now there is a growing awareness/recognition to the necessity to.Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of . 3). Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.,四級作文使用率最高主體基本句式,2-1. 表示原因 1

53、). There are three reasons for this. First of all. Secondly.Finally. 2). Three possible reasons contribute to it. For one thing.For another.Last but not the least. 3). The reasons for this are as follows. On the one hand. On the other hand. 4). The reason for this is not far to seek. For one thing.F

54、or another. 5). The reason for this is that.In the first place.In addition.Finally. 6). We have good reason to believe that. 7). The reason for this is obvious.,四級作文使用率最高的主體基本句式,2-3. 表好處 1). It has the following advantages. In the first place., In addition/Whats more.Last but not the least. 2). It d

55、oes us a lot of good. Fir. 3). People have (take, adopt, assume) different attitudes towards. 4). People take different opinions/views on this problem/phenomenon. 5). There has been a heated discussion over/as to whether . 6). As is often pointed out by some people =Some people think that,四級作文使用率最高的主體基本句式,2-4. 表壞處 1). It has more disadvantages than advantages. 2). The advantages are superior to the disadvantages 3). It does us much harm. 4). It is harmful to us,四級作文使用率最高的主體基本句式,2-5. 套話 1). Its well known to us that. 2). As is known to us. 3). This is a to