1、語法精要十三主謂一致,主謂一致 名詞作主語時，主謂一致通常遵循以下三個原則：語法形式上一致，意義上一致，就近一致。 在下列情況下，應(yīng)注意謂語動詞形式： 1family，team，audience，class，club，committee，company，crowd，enemy，group，government，party，population等名詞，強調(diào)整體時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；強調(diào)其中的成員時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：,My family is a happy one.我的家庭很幸福。 My family like sports.我的家人喜歡運動。 The population of China

2、is very large and eightyfive percent of the population are farmers. 中國人口非常多，而且85%來自農(nóng)村。,2people(人民、人們)，police，cattle，youth等集體名詞后的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如： The police are searching for the thief in the forest. 警察正在樹林里搜捕小偷。,3表示度量、距離、金額、時間的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，以及書刊名、專有名詞等名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語時，可看作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如： Three years has passed since he came

3、here. 自從他來這里已經(jīng)三年了。 Fifty kilometres is a long way. 50千米是很長的路。 The New York Times sells well in the USA. 紐約時報在美國很暢銷。,4作并列主語的單數(shù)名詞前分別有each，every，no 修飾時，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式。如： Each boy and each girl wants to work hard. 每個男孩和女孩都想努力工作。 No teacher and no student likes the film. 老師和學(xué)生都不喜歡電影。,5作主語的單數(shù)名詞前有more than one

4、，many a等修飾時，雖表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，但謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式。如： Many a young man was sent to the mountainous areas. 許多人被送往山區(qū)。 More than one student has failed the exam. 不止一個學(xué)生考試失敗。,另外，one and a half后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式。如： One and a half bananas is left on the table. 一個半香蕉被剩在桌子上。,6a kind of，a pair of，a series of修飾名詞作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式

5、。如： A pair of shoes was on the bed. 床上有一雙鞋。 注意下面一組句子中，謂語形式的不同。 This kind of men is dangerous.(中心詞為kind) Men of this kind are dangerous.(中心詞為men),7用and或both.and.連接并列主語時，謂語動詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)。如： Plastics and rubber never rot. 塑料和橡膠都不會腐爛。 Walking and riding are good exercises. 走路和騎車都是很好的鍛煉。,但是，并列主語如指同一個人、同一事物或同一概念

6、時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如： Truth and honesty is the best policy. 實事求是和誠實是最好的政策。 A knife and fork is lying on the table. 刀叉正放在餐桌上。,To love and to be loved is the great happiness. 愛與被愛都是很大的幸福。 注：指同一個人、物的并列主語皆為可數(shù)名詞時，and后的名詞前不加冠詞。,8如果主語后面帶有as well as，as much as，no less than，along with，with，like，rather than，together

7、 with，but，except，besides，including，in addition to等引導(dǎo)的短語時，句中謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于主語的單復(fù)數(shù)。如： The room with the furniture in it was rented yesterday. 有家具的房間昨天被出租了。 The students as well as the teacher were moved by the film. 學(xué)生和老師都被這部電影所感動。,9or，either.or，neither.nor，not only.but also，not.but.等連接的名詞(代詞)作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)

8、數(shù)應(yīng)遵循就近一致原則。如： Bob or his parents are waiting in the room. Bob和他的父母在屋里等著。 Not only the nurses but also the doctor is very kind to the patients. 護士和醫(yī)生都對病人非常和藹。,10主語是a lot of，lots of，plenty of，the rest of，most of，百分比of名詞時，謂語動詞數(shù)的形式須依照名詞的數(shù)而確定。如： 20%of the students in our school are from the countryside.

9、我們學(xué)校20%的學(xué)生來自農(nóng)村。 20%of the campus is covered by trees. 校園約20%被樹木覆蓋著。,11主語是the number of名詞的復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。主語是a number of名詞復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 The number of the teachers here is about 300. 這里大約有300個教師。 A number of the teachers are working hard every day. 許多老師每天都在努力工作。,1積累連詞用法，考慮主謂一致。 高考對主謂一致的考查主要是連接并列主語的連詞的考

10、查。主語后接with等構(gòu)成的短語修飾主語時，謂語仍需與這類短語前的主語一致。這類短語有：,with，along with，together with，as well as，but，besides，except，including，like，no less than，rather than，more than等。而由or，eitheror，neither.nor，whether.or，not.but，not only.but also等連接的并列主語，謂語通常采用就近原則，與它最近的主語保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。例如：,Lydia，what did our head teacher say just

11、now? Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who_to lead the group_asked to be at the school gate before 6：30 in the morning. Ais；isBare；are Care；is Dis；are,解析 who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞teachers，并且who在定語從句中作主語，所以定語從句中謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式；在“主語介詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)”中，謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)由前面的主語決定，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語with/together with/along with/as well as/l