1、Learning about language,Discovering useful words and expressions,1. Fill in the table below.,ambition,absence,suitable,beneficial,annoyed/annoying,encouragement,psychological,noisy,firm,clumsy,Grammar,動(dòng)詞不定式 動(dòng)詞不定式由“to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，可以在句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語等,但不能作謂語。不定式可以有自己的邏輯主語,即for sb. to do sth. 。,1. 不定式

2、作主語 To finish this report took him a week. My job is to help the poor person. 2. 不定式作表語 To see is to believe. What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.,想一想!,3. 不定式作賓語 I decided to ask for my money back. 4. 不定式作賓補(bǔ) 1) 帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。很多動(dòng)詞如: allow, order, force, permit, tell, want, wish, forbid, advis

3、e, persuade, warn等后面作賓補(bǔ)的不定式都帶to。,e.g. He didnt allow us to smoke in his house.他不允許我們?cè)谒募依镂鼰煛?2) 不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。使役動(dòng)詞make, have, let;感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, notice等后面作賓補(bǔ)的不定式不帶to。 e.g. He made a face and made everybody laugh. 他做了一個(gè)鬼臉, 逗得大家都笑了.,如果上述結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài),不定式就由原來的賓語補(bǔ)足語變?yōu)橹髡Z補(bǔ)足語,此時(shí)第2類動(dòng)詞(le

4、t, have無被動(dòng)語態(tài))后原來不帶to的不定式要加to。 e.g. He was seen to go upstairs. 有人看見他上樓去了。,Be careful!,注意 :,5. 不定式作定語 Do you have anything to say on the question?,注意: 作定語的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞, 或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式的地點(diǎn)、工具等,不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞。,He is looking for a room to live in. There is nothing to worry about. 6. 不定式作狀語 I stayed ther

5、e to see what would happen. We were very excited to hear the news.,1. It is good to help others. 2. It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings. 3. My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up.,Identify its functio

6、n.,(subject),(subject),(predicative),想一想,4. I dont have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. 5. I am the only student in my class to have a pet snake. 6. A big company has decided to buy it from me. 7. My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am.,(attribute),(attribute),(object),

7、(object),8. I have had to work hard to live a normal life. 9. Some days I am too tired to get out of bed. 10. We must call on local government to give financial assistance to disabled people.,(adverbial),(adverbial),(object complement),afford, agree, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, care, choose, clai

8、m, come, consent, dare, decide, demand, deserve, determine, elect, endeavor,The following verbs are normally followed by the infinitive.,Remember!,expect, fail, get, guarantee, hate, help, hesitate hope, hurry, intend, learn, long, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise refuse, s

9、ay, seem, tend, threaten, want, wish,The following verbs are normally followed by V-ing. avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, cant help,Remember them!,The following verbs are normally f

10、ollowed by V-ing or the infinitive. love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, continue, intend, attempt, propose, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try, deserve, start,Bear them in your mind!,動(dòng)詞后面跟V-ing還是不定式,含義不相同,總的來說,表示習(xí)慣的, 一般性的動(dòng)作多跟V-ing,一次性的具體的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作多跟不定式。 1) I like to go with you. 我想和你一塊兒去。,重點(diǎn)

11、!,I like reading. 我喜歡閱讀。 He promised to help her. 他答應(yīng)過要幫助她。 We love watching VCD. 我們喜歡看VCD。,2) remember, forget, regret后面跟V-ing時(shí), 表示過去的動(dòng)作,后面跟不定式時(shí), 不定式表示將來的動(dòng)作。 I remember meeting him in the street. 我記得在街上見過他。 I remember to write a letter to my parents. 我想起來要給我父母親寫信。,3) “stop + V-ing”表示停止做某事, “stop +

12、不定式”表示停下來做某事。 Stop smoking, please. 請(qǐng)不要抽煙 。 Lets stop to have a rest. 咱們停下來休息一下吧。,4) mean to do 打算做某事 mean doing 意味著 I meant to catch up with the early bus. This means wasting a lot of money.,5) try to do 設(shè)法盡力做某事 try doing 試著做某事 You should try to overcome your shortcomings. Try working out the physi

13、cs problem in another way.,短語講解,never mind 不必?fù)?dān)心 never mind 單獨(dú)使用時(shí)意為“沒關(guān)系”, “不要緊”, “不用費(fèi)事”, 習(xí)慣用語以下場(chǎng)合： 當(dāng)別人向你道歉。 e.g. Sorry to have kept you waiting. 很抱歉, 讓你久等了。 Never mind.沒關(guān)系。,2) 請(qǐng)人放心、安慰人家時(shí)。 e.g. but please go before the enemy comes. 請(qǐng)?jiān)跀橙说絹碇半x開。 Never mind, my boy. It wont take long.不要緊, 小伙子, 用不了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。 3) 當(dāng)別人要幫忙或?yàn)槟阕瞿臣虑闀r(shí)。 e.g. Let me carry the bag for you. 讓我給你拿包。 Never mind.不麻煩你了。,Practice,Im sorry Im late. I got held up in the traffic on my way here. _. A. Dont be late next time. B. You should be blame