1、Fencing,Hook Questions,Watch the video and answer the following questions: What do you think of the sport shown to you? What do you think are the qualities required for a good fencer? How much do you know about fencing? such as its history, rules, scoring, techniques and etiquette, etc,Introduction,

2、History Middle Ages (5th -15th century ) Offensive weapon for cracking armor Offensive and defensive after invention of gunpowder Rapier 5reipiE in Italy (16th century) Dagger and folded cloak in hands Free hand for minimization of target area Art of fencing in schools Epee in France (18th century)

3、Shape, length and weight modified to be more clumsy Styles: French: a formal manner with great restraint of movement Italian: a bravura manner, with pronounced, vigorous gestures,Organization: International Federation of Fencing (FIE) Governing body of Fencing Sanction of the all international compe

4、titions Annual championship to determine the individual and team champion of each weapon Dominant nations ITA, HUN,RUS, and GER,Weapons,Field of Play and Equipment,Piste pi:st/ Strip Width: 1.51.8m Length: 14m Surfaces: Wood, linoleum, rubber, plastic and metallic mesh,Fencing Dress White and strong

5、 material Protective undergarment and mask Glove on the fencing hand covering the forearm Sleeve of jacket for underarm protection Jacket, under-jacket and breeches, made of highly-resistant fabric, similar to that of bullet-proof vests Metallic jacket for electronic apparatus in foil,Officials Pres

6、ident + judges (4) President + ground judges (2) + electronic apparatus Other officials: Scorer, timekeeper, and electronic supervisor Some of Commands by President On guard Play Play Halt,Competition,En Garde 預(yù)備姿勢(shì) Feet right angle, weapon foot in front weight centered legs bent Rear arm crooked upw

7、ard Sword arm partially extend toward the opponent On guard line 2 m away from the center line,Scoring 3 bouts 3 minutes = duel Touch on rivals Target Area to score points Individual competition 1 point for each hit Winner for the first fencer with 15 points Winner for the fencer ahead when time exp

8、ires Team competition Winner for the first team with 45 points Winner of 9 bouts,Lights for Competitions Epee Red and green light for each fencer saber Color light for on target Both lights on for simultaneous hit, 1 point awarded to attacker Foil Both lights on for simultaneous hits, 1 point for at

9、tacker White light for off target, no point awarded Color light for on target, 1 point for the attacker,Right of way 優(yōu)先權(quán) can be gained by Attacking first Establishing a point in line(有效部位) that threatens the opponent valid target Taking the blade by beating or parrying Note: Even if both fencers hit

10、 a valid target, only the fencer with right of way scores a point Sudden-death 突然死亡法 If the score is tied after 3 rounds, fencers play one sudden-death minute, where the first hit wins the match. To avoid defensive play, lots are drawn before the extra minute to determine a winner if no score is rec

11、orded. If the referee calls “halt”, a hit is still awarded if the fencers motion started before the play stopped.,Valid Hit and Target Area,Epee,Foil,Saber,Attack and Defense,Attacking Skills Lunge /lQNdV/ 弓箭步 Fleche /fleiM/ 跨步 Thrust 刺,Defense,Defenses: Movement of the blade designed to block an at

12、tack Parries Direct parry Circular parry Beat parry Counter parry Countertemps Backward,Defense Postions,Offences and Penalties Cards for penalties Yellow card for warning Red card for a penalty hit Black card for expulsion, Penalties: 1m penalty to the guilty party the for feet outside the side bou

13、ndaries A penalty hit to opponent for both feet behind rear boundary serious offense after warning, such as Fleche or running attack in saber corps-a-corps: body contact in saber and violent push in epee Other Offences Turning back to the opponent Illegally hitting the piste with weapons Leaving the

14、 playing surface Using an unarmed hand to block a hit,Organizations,Organizations: International Fencing Federation (FIE) European Fencing Confederation (EFC) Fencing Confederation of Asia (FCA) African Fencing Confederation (AFC) Pan-American Fencing Confederation (PAFC) Chinese Fencing Association

15、 Tournaments FIE Fencing World Championships FIE World Youth Fencing Championships FIE Fencing World Cup European Fencing Championships,Olympic Fencing Tournament,Olympic Debut Saber: 1896, 2004 Foil: 1896, 1924 Epee: 1900, 1996 Events in Olympic Games (10) Singles: Mens individual sabre, epee and f

16、oil Womens individual sabre, epee and foil Team events: Mens Team: epee and saber Womens Team: foil and saber,Etiquette Salute to each other before and after the bout Study one fencer and Watch the movement of him/her instead of both Attacker accompanied with the blade point being directed towards o

17、pponents target area Attackers blade may be parried and then riposte Watch the footwork and notice how fencers try to maintain distance in order to either launch an attack with a lunge or to assure their defense if opponent attacks Try to recognize the split second in which the fencer you are watching tries to provoke a counter action or reaction form the opponent To follow the actions in foil and sabre watch the referee and make note of his hand actions Watch the small controlled movements of the fencers hands as the tiny movemen