1、Chapter 11 circulatory system,Basic anatomy,Heart Blood vessels Lymphatic system,Heart anatomy,Blood vessels,Lymphatic system,Common roots and affixes,Hema/o- Sanguin- Phleb/o- Sphygm/o- -penia Angi/o-,Haem/o-,haema-,hem/o,hema-,hemat/o- blood hemorrhage5hemEridV 出血 hemoagglutinin7hi:mEuE5lu:tinin 血

2、紅素凝結(jié)素 Hemobilia hi:mEu5biliE 膽道出血, 膽血癥,血膽癥 hemoclip 血管夾,sanguin- (L.sanguis) blood,sanguinivoroussANwi5nivErEs 食血的,吸血的 sanguinopoieticsANwninEupCi5etik 生血的,造血的 sanguinarin7sANwi5nZEri:n 血根堿,phleb/o- (Gr. Phleps) bleood vessel,vein,phlebitisfli5baitis 靜脈炎 phlebalgiafli5bAldViE 靜脈痛 phlebangioma7flibAn

3、dVi5EumE 靜脈瘤,sphygm/o- (Gr.sphugms) pulse,sphygmogram 5sfimE7rAm 脈搏描記,脈搏曲線 Sphygmocardiograph 7sfimE5kB:diEurB:f心動脈搏描記器 sphygmometer 脈博計(jì),-penia lack of, insufficiency,Lymphocytopenia 7limfE7saitEu5pi:niE 淋巴細(xì)胞減少(癥) Ant. lymphocytosis Neutropenia 7nju:trEu5pi:niE (嗜)中性白細(xì)胞減少(癥) thrombocytopenia 7WrCmbE

4、usaitEu5pi:niE 血小板減少(癥),angi/o- vessel,angioataxian5t 血管緊張失調(diào) angiosarcoma 9AndVIEJsB:kEJmE 血管肉瘤 angioplasty5AndVIEJ7plAsti 血管成形術(shù),conditions,Aneurysm Arrhythmia Bleeding Disorders Bacteremia and sepsis Hodgkins Disease Pulmonary hypertension Thalassemia Thrombophlebitis Varicose Veins,Aneurysm,Cerebr

5、al aneurysm Aortic aneurysm abdominal aneurysm Thoracic aneurysm Ventrical aneurysm,Arrhythmia I,Tachycardia Atrial fibrillation 心房顫動 Atrial flutter 心房撲動 Supraventricular tachycardia（SVT） 室上性心動過速 Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) 吾-巴-懷三氏綜合征/pre-excitation syndrome (預(yù)激綜合征 ) Ventricular fibrillatio

6、n 心室顫動 Ventricular tachycardia 室性心動過速 Long QT syndrome QT間期延長綜合征,Arrhythmia II,Bradycardia Sick sinus syndrome 病態(tài)竇房結(jié)綜合癥 Conduction block 傳導(dǎo)阻滯 (atrioventricular conduction block 房室傳導(dǎo)阻滯 ) Premature heartbeat 早博,Bleeding disorders,PT (Prothrombin Time) 凝血酶原時(shí)間 (11-15s) ACT (activated clotting time) 活化凝血

7、時(shí)間 aPTT/PTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) 活化部分凝血激酶時(shí)間 (37s) coagulation factors 凝血因子 platelet count 血小板計(jì)數(shù),Bacteremia and Sepsis,Bacteremia 7bAktE5ri:miE 菌血癥 the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream; Sepsis 5sepsis 膿毒病, 膿血癥 a bacterial infection in the bloodstream.,Hodgkins Disease,Hodgki

8、ns disease, sometimes called Hodgkins lymphoma, is a cancer that starts in lymphatic tissue, including the lymph nodes and related organs that are part of the bodys immune and blood-forming systems. Its named after Dr. Thomas Hodgkin who first recognized it in 1832. The cancer cells in Hodgkins dise

9、ase are called Reed-Sternberg cells, after the two doctors who first described them in detail. Hodgkins disease is a malignant lymphoma. There is no benign (noncancerous) form of Hodgkins disease.,ThalassemialE5si:miE,珠蛋白生成障礙性貧血,地中海貧血,庫利氏貧血 an inherited disorder sometimes called Mediterranean anemia

10、, von Jaksch anemia or Cooleys anemia, named after the physicians who first diagnosed it,Thrombophlebitis7WrCmbEufli5baitis血栓(性)靜脈炎,inflammation due to a blood clot occurs in a vein, usually occurs in the veins of the legs,Varicose veins,gnarled, enlarged, thus visible veins mostly occurring in the

11、legs and feet, which may be caused by incompetent valves within the veins. The word varicose comes from the Latin root varix, which means twisted.,A Quiz before we move onMatch each specific disease in column B with its type in column A.,Column A Column B Heart valves diseasestroke Coronary diseaseh

12、emophthalmia Bleeding disorderhemophilia Cerebrovascular diseasenodular sclerosis Lymphatic diseasethrombophlebitis Inflammationsaortic stenosis Hemorrhagesmitral insufficiency,Tests,Blood test series Angiography ABI Duplex ultrasound,Blood test series,Cardiovascular Risk Profile total cholesterol H

13、DL cholesterol LDL cholesterol triglycerides cholesterol/HDL ratio glucose,Blood test series,Liver Function: AST天冬氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酶 ALT丙氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酶 LDH乳酸脫氫酶 total bilirubin alkaline phosphatase GTP谷氨酰轉(zhuǎn)肽酶,Blood test series,Blood Protein Levels: Albumin Globulin Albumin/globulin ratio,Blood test series,Kidney Function

14、BUN (blood urea nitrogen)血尿素氮 Creatinine肌酐 Uric acid,Blood test series,Complete Blood Count (CBC) red blood cell count white blood cell count mean corpuscular volume (MCV)平均紅細(xì)胞容積mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)紅細(xì)胞平均血紅蛋白量mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)紅細(xì)胞平均血紅蛋白濃度hemoglobin hematocri

15、t血細(xì)胞比容platelet count basophils eosinophils neutrophils lymphocytes monocytes,Angiography血管造影術(shù),The radiographic visualization of blood vessels following introduction of contrast material, or through CT scanning or MRI Catheter angiography CT angiography MRA Magnetic Resonance Angiography,Catheter Ang

16、iography,CT angiography,Computerized tomography scanning, also called CT or CAT scanning, is a test that uses x-rays and computers to create detailed images of the internal structures of the body.,Magnetic Resonance Angiography,When MRI is applied to the blood vessels, it is also sometimes referred

17、to as MRA (magnetic resonance angiography).,Ankle-brachial index (ABI)臂-踝指數(shù),Measurement and comparison of the blood pressure in the ankle and in the arm,Duplex Ultrasound雙功能超聲儀,Duplex ultrasound combines Doppler and conventional ultrasound to allow physicians to see the structure of the blood vessel

18、s. Duplex ultrasound shows how blood is flowing through the vessels and measures the speed of the flow of blood.,Treatments,Thrombolytic Therapy Venous Access Surgical Bypass Surgical Aneurysm Repair Foot Care Endovascular Stenting Endarterectomy,Thrombolytic therapy,Thrombolytic therapy is a treatm

19、ent used to break up dangerous clots inside the blood vessels by injecting clot-dissolving medications into a blood vessel. ischemic stroke Pulmonary embolism DVT (deep vein thrombolism / thrombosis）,Venous Access靜脈通道,Venous access allows the physician to deliver medicine directly into the bloodstre

20、am without repeatedly puncturing blood vessels. In venous access, a long, thin tube, called a catheter, acts as a kind of artificial vein. One end of the catheter is placed in a vein in the arm, neck, or chest. The other end exits the body so that the physician can deliver medicine. This end may be

21、connected to a circular device called a port under the surface of the skin.,Surgical Bypass,Surgical bypass treats the narrowed arteries by creating a bypass around a section of the artery that is blocked.,Surgical Aneurysm Repair,In surgical aneurysm repair, the vascular surgeon repairs or removes

22、an aneurysm through an incision in the skin,Foot Care,Foot care is important if patients have leg artery disease (peripheral arterial disease or PAD). In PAD, the blood vessels in the limbs become blocked because of hardening of the arteries.,Endovascular Stent Graft,a fabric tube that reinforces a weak spot in a blood vessel, such as an aneurysm typically used to treat a