1、1. 動詞不定式的用法,作主語 作賓語 作定語 作表語 作賓補 作狀語,動詞不定式,2.動詞不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài),3. 鞏固練習,1. 動詞不定式作主語,動詞不定式作主語，謂語動詞用第三 人稱單數(shù)。,To get there by car will take a whole day.,How to get enough money is still a question.,1. 動詞不定式作主語,有時候為了保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主語，放到句首，而將作真實主語的動詞不定式放到句末。,It will take a whole day to get there by car.,It is imp

2、ossible for me to finish the work in a week.,復合結(jié)構： 1)for sb. to do sth 2) (It is +性格adj+)of sb. to do sth 性格adj：nice, kind, cruel, thoughtful, careful, careless It is very important for us to learn English. It is difficult for him to finish the task in such a short time. It is very nice of you to he

3、lp me.,2. 動詞不定式作賓語,動詞不定式作賓語常用于下列動詞后：,want, agree, decide, manage, wish, hope, ask, like, love , choose, promise, continue, plan, learn, expect, offer, prepare, refuse, pretend, attempt, intend, threaten, seek, hesitate, long, desire, fail等等。,動詞不定式作賓語應注意的問題,1.有些動詞后跟動詞不定式和動名詞作賓語意義截然不同,try, go on, stop

4、, mean, regret, remember, forget等,forget to do sth. 忘了去做某事,forget doing sth.忘了做過某事,I forget telling her about it,I forget to bring the purse with me when I left home this morning.,remember to do sth.記住去做某事,remember doing sth.記得做過某事,I remember reading the story in some book.,Remember to post the lett

5、er for me when you go to the post office.,動詞不定式作賓語應注意的問題,2. 如果不定式作賓語而后面又有一個賓語補足語，這時要用it作形式賓語而把這個動詞不定式放到補語后。,I feel it my duty to help you.,I once thought it impossible for us to finish the job in such a limited time.,3.動詞不定式作定語,動詞不定式作定語，它與所修飾的名詞或代詞可能是主謂關系，也可能是動賓關系。如果是動賓關系，不定式主動表示被動。,He was the last

6、one to leave school yesterday.,We have much homework to do everyday.,4.動詞不定式作表語,1主語和表語都是不定式（其含義往往一是條件，一是結(jié)果），如： To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. To do that would be to cut the foot to fit the shoe.,2主語是以aim, duty, hope, idea, intention, mistake, plan, proposal, job, suggestion 等為

7、中心詞的名詞詞組，或以 what 引導的名詞性從句表示，表語用不定式說明其內(nèi)容，如： My idea is to climb the mountain from the north. My suggestion is to start work at once. What I would suggest is to start work at once.,注：在某些句型中，當主語部分有動作動詞do 時，作表語的不定式可以省略符號 “to”，如： All we have to do is push the button. The only thing I can do now is go on

8、by myself. All I could do was send him a telegram.,5.動詞不定式作賓補,常跟動詞不定式作賓補的動詞有：,（1）可接帶to的不定式作賓補的動詞有：,ask, get, allow, forbid, prefer, force, inspire, advise, cause, tell, order, warn, teach, permit, wish, invite, encourage等,（2）可跟省to的動詞不定式作賓補的動詞有：,在部分感官動詞和使役動詞后，如：,see, watch, notice, observe, look at,

9、listen to, feel, make, let, have,注：help后可跟省to或帶to的不定式作賓補。,The teacher had us recite the text every day.,I was let to do the experiment alone.,Was he noticed to leave the house?,動詞不定式在主動語態(tài)中用省to的形式作賓補，但在被動語態(tài)的句子中，要用帶to的形式作主語補語。,6.動詞不定式作狀語,動詞不定式作狀語用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子，通常表示目的、原因、結(jié)果、程度等。,1表示目的： They ran ove

10、r to welcome the delegates. He stood up to be seen better. 2. 表示結(jié)果： What have I said to make you so angry? He came round to find himself in hospital.,不定式結(jié)構表示結(jié)果更常見于下列句型： so as to Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle / tell me the time? such () as to Im not such a fool as to believe that. e

11、nough to The boy is old enough to go to school. too to 5.only to do表示一種意想不到的結(jié)果 Eg:We went to the train station only to find that the train had left.,當too前有only時，only too to譯作肯定。,I am only too pleased to help you.,當不定式前有表否定意義的詞時，譯作肯定。,We are never too old to learn.,動詞不定式的時態(tài),1. I opened the door to en

12、ter the room.,3. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.,. 一般式( to do ).,不定式的一般式所表示的動作（狀態(tài)）同時（或幾乎同時）發(fā)生，或之后發(fā)生。,2.saw her enter the room.,.進行式( to be doing),1. I am very glad to be working with you.,2.He pretended to be reading when his mother came into his room.,不定式的進行式表示正在進行的動作,

13、和謂語動詞所表示的動作同時進行。 。,動詞不定式的時態(tài),動詞不定式的時態(tài),.完成式（to have done),1. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.,2. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith.,不定式的完成式表示的動作在謂語表示的動作之前發(fā)生。,鞏固練習,1. Several of these washes and dryers are out of order and_. need to be repairing B. repairing is required

14、 of them C. require that they be repaired. D. need to be repaired.,解析：and并列謂語動詞， need to be repaired相當于need repairing.,D,2. I wish you had brought your family with you. Ill get them _ next time. A. coming B. to come C. come D. have come,B,解析：使役動詞get后跟帶to的動詞不定式作賓補，let，make, have后跟省to的動詞不定式作賓補。,3. We

15、climbed to the top of the tower _a better view of the area. getting B. got C. having got D. to get,D,解析：動詞不定式作目的狀語，其余幾個沒這功能。,4. What is the way Smith thought of _ enough money to buy the new house. A. getting B. having got C. being got D. to get,D,解析：名詞the way后跟有兩個定語，一個是定語從句Smith thought of， 一個是動詞不定

16、式to get enough money to buy the new house.,5. The young assistant was noticed _ the bank alone last night. A. entering B. enter C. to enter D. entered,C,解析：感官動詞后可跟現(xiàn)在分詞和省to的動詞不定式作賓補。不定式表示全過程，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進行。在被動語態(tài)中用帶to的動詞不定式作主語補語。,6. Wang Dong wanted to surf the Internet, but his father told him _. A. not to do B. not do it C. do not to D. not to,D,解析：tell sb. (not) to do sth. 為了避免重復，后面省略了surf the Internet.,7. The party was successful, but we thought it a pity not _ you. A. invite B. to invite C. in