1、GRAMMAR AND USAGE,Direct Speech and Reported Speech,Lead-in,T: What did you eat this morning? S1: I ate . T：What did S1 say, S2? S2: S1 said he/she ate.,direct speech,reported speech,Whatre the differences between direct speech and reported speech?,Differences,Direct speech,Indirect speech,To report

2、 what exactly has been said, The words usually appear in quotation marks, To report the meaning of what has been said without using the exact words, No quotation marks,How to change a direct speech sentence into a reported sentence ?,a. Change what has been said to an object clause or an infinitive

3、phrase; b. Change personal pronouns; c. Change tenses; d. Change adverbials of time and place; e. Other cases.,He said, “I like it very much.” He said that he liked it very much.,He said to me, “Ive left my book in your room. He told me that he had left his book in my room.,Change personal pronouns:

4、,Past continuous,Past perfect,Past perfect,Future in the past,Past perfect,Past perfect continuous,The changes of the tenses,Practice: Change the following sentences into reported speech,1. I havent brought my dictionary, the student said. 2. Tom said to them, I will get excited. 3. My father said t

5、o me, I am reading the book.,The student said that he hadnt brought his dictionary.,Tom told them that he would get excited.,My father told me that he was reading the book.,1. Personal pronouns and tense; 2. Adverbials of time and place; e.g: He said, I lost a key here yesterday. He said that he had

6、 lost a key there the day before/the previous day. I read the book here a week ago, Jane said to him.,Jane told him that she had read the book there a week before.,learn more about it,What should we pay attention to?,Practice: Change the following sentences into reported speech.,1. I will come and s

7、ee you again next week, Tom, he said. 2. I saw Tom last night, she said. 3. The doctor said to the patient, You will have to wait till 3 pm tomorrow.,He told Tom that he would go and see him again the following week.,She said that shed seen Tom the night before.,The doctor told the patient that he w

8、ould have to wait till 3 pm the next day.,1. Personal pronouns and tense; 2. Adverbials of time and place; 3. Other cases.,What else should we pay attention to?,Ex: Page 9,Possible answers: was (2) would be (3) had read (4)that (5)would (6) had bought (7) that (8) would (9) those (10) Her,How to use

9、 reported speech to report:,statements,questions,imperative sentences,How can we report imperative sentences ?,verb + object +(not) + to-infinitive,The teacher said, You better wear soft shoes. The teacher advised us to wear soft shoes. The teacher said, Think about it carefully before you answer. T

10、he teacher asked us to think about it carefully before we answered.,Dont leave your homework at home. The teacher reminded us not to leave our homework at home. The teacher said, Dont worry about your exam. The teacher told us not to worry about our exam.,She said, I like light music. 2) Mary said,

11、I have read up to page 25. 3) I arrived yesterday, he said. 4) Well be here all day, she said. 5) Tommy said, I found the book at the bookshop. 6) I can do it myself, she said.,She said that she liked light music. Mary said that she had read up to page 25. 3)He said that he arrived the day before. 4

12、)She said that they would be there all day. 5)Tommy said that he had found the book at the bookshop. 6)She said that she could do it herself.,1) What are good manners? she asked. 2) Margie asked, What are you reading, Tommy? 3) Do you live in the South? he asked. 4)“Were you born in 1990?”Liming ask

13、ed me.,1)She asked what good manners were. 2)Margie asked Tommy what he was reading. 3)He asked whether (if) I lived in the South. 4)Liming asked me if / whether I was born in 1990.,1) Go on, the teacher said. 2) Pass me that dictionary, she said. 3) Dont be late again, Frank, the teacher said.,1)Th

14、e teacher told us to go on. 2) She asked me to pass her the dictionary. 3)The teacher told Frank not to be late again.,Answers A 2. Wang Qin asked how it could help him remember English words. 3. Lu Kai asked whether/if it taught listening and speaking. 4. Liu Fang asked what the designer would do i

15、f she was not satisfied with the software. 5. Gu Jin asked if it was easy to use.,Practice:,MasterEng,Answers B Answers 2. The expert advises us to use interesting and attractive photos. 3. The expert encourages us to use eye-catching logos. 4. The expert recommends that we should make the slogans s

16、hort and easy to remember. 5. The expert tells us to make good use of colours to attract peoples attention.,Practice:,Language Points,1. report vi. 選擇的行為；選擇 make a careful choice; be careful in your choice a wide choice of styles and colors 許多可供選擇的樣式和顏色 She had to make a choice between the two dress

17、es. 她得在兩件衣服中選擇一件。 She is the peoples choice for Prime Minister. 她是人民選出來的首相。,3.choice,a choice between going and staying 去和留的選擇 make a careful choice 做出慎重的選擇 offer a choice 提供選擇機會 have no choice but to do- 除-之外別無他法 have ones choice 有選擇權；可以挑選 take ones choice 選擇,4. recommend, vt.（及物動詞） 推薦 他們推薦他做那項工作。

18、They recommended him for(to do) the job. 我向任何對化學感興趣的人推薦這本書. I recommend this book to anyone with an interest in chemistry. 2) 使受歡迎 Your plan has little to recommend it. 你的計劃幾乎毫無可取之處。 3) 托付 她不在家時把小孩子托給她的朋友照管。 She recommended a child to Kate when was away. 4) 勸告 她建議我們讓步。 She recommended that we (should) give in. vi.（不及物動詞）建議：給以勸告或忠告： He recommended against signing an international agreement 他建議別簽署國際協(xié)定。,5. purchase (n.vt.) 購買，比buy 正式 He gave his son some money for the purchase of a new house in the