1、a virtual life,unit 4,it was built by working men and women who dug into what little savings they had to give $5 and $ 10 and $20 to the cause.,奧巴馬勝選演說,i was never the likeliest candidate for this office. we didnt start with much money or many endorsements. our campaign was not hatched in the halls

2、of washington. it began in the backyards of des moines and the living rooms of concord and the front porches of charleston. it was built by working men and women who dug into what little savings they had to give $5 and $10 and $20 to the cause.,it was built by working men and women who dug into what

3、 little savings they had to give $5 and $ 10 and $20 to the cause.,what + n. = all the + n. +that 所有的, 盡可能多的,all the little savings that they had,我們的競選活動能有今天的規(guī)模，是因為辛勤工作的人們從自己的微博積蓄中拿出錢來，捐出5美元，10美元，20美元來支持我們。,the accident completely wiped out what little sight he had left. 這次事故使他原本僅有的一點視力也完全喪失了。,what

4、+ little,little,indefinite pronoun,that task has taken what little there is of my spare time.,那個任務(wù)占用了我僅有的那么一點空余時間,he claims to be an expert in astronomy, but in actual fact he is quite ignorant on the subject. _ he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate. a. what little b. so much c. how much d

5、. so little,1. combining forms: prefixes + noun virtual life (虛擬世界),virtual office(虛擬辦公室), cyber-interaction(網(wǎng)絡(luò)互動), cyber nut(網(wǎng)蟲), cyber pet(電子寵物),web page(網(wǎng)頁), website(網(wǎng)站), e-card(電子賀卡),e-business(電子商務(wù)),2. combining forms: prefixes + verb cybersurf(網(wǎng)上沖浪), netsurf(網(wǎng)上沖浪), email(發(fā)送電子郵件) 3.words like c

6、yber, net, etc. + suffix cyberian(網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶), netter(網(wǎng)民), cyberize(使聯(lián)網(wǎng)),warm-up questions,1. what are the antonyms of “virtual world” and “virtual life”? real world; real life. 2. what are the synonyms for “virtual world”? virtual reality; internet world; net world; etc. 3. what can people do on the inte

7、rnet?,communicating with people; shopping; reading; learning; working; publishing; listening to music; watching films; playing games; etc. 4. what do you usually do on the internet, and what websites do you usually log on?,virtual: adj. v:tjul,1. - created and existing only in a computer i can visit

8、 a virtual store and put what i want in my basket at the click of a mouse button.,2. - almost what is stated; in fact though not in name事實上的,實際上的,實質(zhì)上的he is in a state of virtual slavery. 他實際上處于一種被奴役的狀態(tài)。,the question is hard _. a. being answered b. answering c. to answer d. to be answered,c.,adj. + t

9、o do,1. 用于這一句型的不定式必須是以句子主語為邏輯賓語的及物動詞或“不及物動詞+介詞”構(gòu)成的短語動詞 2. 系動詞后的形容詞，雖然從語法結(jié)構(gòu)上看是表語，后面的不定式修飾它，但從意義上分析，這個形容詞是修飾不定式的，該題可轉(zhuǎn)化成to answer the question is hard.hard是修飾answer的,3. 除去某些習(xí)慣用法外，該句型中不定式的語態(tài)一般是主動的。 difficult， hard， comfortable, painful, impossible, pleasant, delightful, nice, expensive, dangerous, safe,

10、 fine, simple, convenient, useful等 this dictionary is very convenient to use. your sister is very pleasant to talke to . the bed is comfortable to slept on. some famous cars are expensive to buy.,interpret: v. int:prit,1. - understand (sth. said, ordered, or done) she made a gesture, which he chose

11、to interpret as an invitation. 2. - give or provide the meaning of, explain according to chinese legends, zhougong can interpret dreams. 根據(jù)中國傳說，周公可以解夢。,3. - translate what is said in one language into another no one in the tour group spoke spanish so we had to ask the guide to interpret.,at a stretc

12、h,- for a continuous period of time連續(xù)地不休息地，一口氣地 today i really swam to my hearts content. i did 2,000 metres at a stretch. 今天我一口氣游了兩千米，真過癮。 for several days / weeks at a stretch 一連下了幾天的雨。,highlight：hailait,- noun the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event最突出(或最精彩)的部分;最重要(或最有趣)的事情

13、(+of)her performance was the highlight of the show. 她的表演是那場演出中最精彩的部分。,submit：sbmit,1. - vt. yield (oneself) to the will or power of another, agree to obey 使服從,使屈服(+to)well submit ourselves to the courts judgments. 我們將聽從法庭的裁決。,2. - vt. give (sth.) to sb. so that it may be formally considered提交,呈遞 eve

14、ry department manager is requested to submit a regulation report to the general manager every month. 所有部門經(jīng)理每月都要給總經(jīng)理上交一份規(guī)定的報告。,edit：edit,- vt. revise or correct編輯 he edited a book of poetry carefully. 他認真地編輯了一本詩集。,editorial：,edit:ril,1. - adj. of an editor編輯的 the editorial office 2. - n. a newspaper

15、article in which the editor gives their opinion on an issue in the news社論；社評 he writes editorials for the newspaper. 他為這家報紙撰寫社論。,communicate,1.- vi. contact sb. in any way, eap. by speaking to them, writing to them or calling them (followed by with)交流思想(或感情,信息等);交際,交往 young people sometimes complain

16、 of not being able to communicate with their parents. 年輕人有時抱怨無法與父母溝通思想,2.- vt. make (news, opinions, feelings, etc.) known傳達;傳遞;傳播(+to)the radio stations communicate the storm warnings to the islanders. she communicated her ideas to her subordinates.,1. what did the author do three years ago and wha

17、t is she doing now? she worked as a television producer at the time, and now she submits articles and edits them via email and communicates with colleagues on internet mailing lists.,2.how does the author manage her daily life? she can order food, manage her money, love and work on net.,take in,1. -

18、 receive, admit 2. - include 3. - make (clothes) narrower 4. - understand 5.- deceive 6.- see at a glance; see at once,take in:,1),receive, admit,2),include,3),make (clothes) narrower,4),understand,5),deceive,6),see at a glance; see at once,the dress was too big, so i took it in.,i didnt take in wha

19、t you were saying.,she took in every details of the other womans clothes.,do you mean we should get rid of the stale and take in the fresh?,dont be taken in by her promises.,this is the total cost of the trip, taking in everything.,3,4,2,6,1,5,spit:spit,- vt. send (liquid, food, etc.) out from the m

20、outh吐(唾液等);口出(惡言、粗話等) used in the pattern: spit sth. (out) (at/on/onto sb./sth.) spit your gum out before you come into the classroom. 進教室之前把口香糖吐掉。 he spat curses at me. 他厲聲咒罵我。 the baby spat its food out on the table.,symptom: n. simptm,1. - change in the body that indicates an illness癥狀,征候(+of)a f

21、ever can be a symptom for more serious diseases. 發(fā)燒可能是一些更嚴重疾病的癥狀。 2. - sign of the existence of sth. bad征兆,表征(+of)the government must not ignore these symptoms of discontent among their own supporters.,aversion：v:n,- noun a strong feeling that you dislike someone or something spiders are my pet aver

22、sion. 我最討厭蜘蛛。,luxury：lkri n. luxurious：lgu:ris adj. 1.what does “cyber-interaction” mean? “cyber-” is a prefix which means “of the computer”. “cyber-interaction” means the contact via the computer. 2.what does “cave” here refer to? “cave” here refers figuratively to the isolated life of the virtual

23、world.,conversely:knv:sli,- adv. in a way that is opposite to sth.逆;相反地 $1 will buy 100 yen worth of japanese goods. conversely, 100 yen will buy $1 worth of american goods. you can add the fluid to the powder or, conversely, the powder to the fluid.,talk away,- phrasal verb to continue to talk for

24、a long time不停地談she could sometimes talk away for hours on end. 有時候她可以連續(xù)不斷地談上幾個小時。,comforting：kmfti,- adjective making you feel less sad, worried, or disappointed安慰的，指令人鼓舞的 醫(yī)生給我吃了寬心丸，告訴我不用擔(dān)心孩子的病情。 the doctor said some comforting words to me and told me not to worry about the childs illness.,but then:

25、,- yet at the same time但是另一方面(對比另一個觀點) ；不過，但是 1. i feel happy because im going back, he said, but then added at the same time i feel a little sad to leave you! “要回去了，我很開心”，他說道，但隨后他又加了一句“但要離開你了，我又有點兒難過！”,2. i can stand him to a certain point, but then he gets annoying. 我在某程度上能夠容忍他，但過了這個度，我就會覺得他很討厭。,j

26、ar：d:,1.- noun a glass container with a lid and a wide top, especially one in which food is sold or kept he gave me full measure as the honey is close to the rim of the jar. 他給足了我份量，因為蜂蜜都粘在壇邊了。,2. - v. have a harsh or an unpleasant effect給.不快之感,刺激(神經(jīng)) used in the pattern: jar sth., jar on sb./sth. t

27、he childs screams jarred my nerves. 那孩子的尖叫聲使我心煩。 the way he laughs jars on me.,suck in:,- (usu. passive) involve (sb.) in an activity, an argument, etc., usu. against their will使卷入,吸引,吞沒 some teenagers dont want to get involved with gangs, but they find themselves getting sucked in. 我不想卷入有關(guān)學(xué)校改革的辯論。

28、i dont want to get sucked into the debate about school reform.,keep up with,1. - learn about or be aware of ( the news, etc.) carrie likes to keep up with the latest fashions. 2. - move at the same rate as 他請了位家庭教師，因為他的功課跟不上班上其他同學(xué)。 he hired a tutor because he wasnt able to keep up with the rest of t

29、he class.,in sight:,1.- visible no vehicle is in sight. 哪兒也見不到他。 he is nowhere in sight. 2. - likely to come soon peace was in sight at last after four years of war. collocation: lose sight of看不見；失去聯(lián)系；忘記；沒有考慮到 out of sight看不到，不被看到,cue：kju:,- n. anything that serves as a signal about what to do or sa

30、y暗示,信號;線索i threw her a cue but she missed it. 我給她暗示,可她沒有領(lǐng)會。,doggedly：dgidli,- with obstinatebstinit determination固執(zhí)地;頑強地；堅持不懈地 he pursued her doggedly. 他死死追求著她。,abuse：bju:z,n. 1) wrong or excessive use濫用,妄用 the abuse of power alcohol abuse 2) cruel treatment虐待;傷害 the slaves united to resist the owne

31、rs abuse. 奴隸們團結(jié)起來反抗奴隸主的虐待。,2. - vt. 1) put to wrong use; use badly he has abused my confidence in him 他辜負了我對他的信任。 2) do cruel things to (a person or animal) the arrested men have been physically abused.,multiple choice,read part 2 carefully and choose one best answer for each question. 1.how does th

32、e author feel when she is suddenly confronted with people in the real world?( ) a) she feels shy. b) she feels angry. c) she feels cautious. d) she feels overexcited.,2. how does the author behave on line?( ) a) she is friendly b) she is humorous. c) she is bad-tempered. d) she is talkative.,3.why d

33、oes the author fight her boyfriend on net sometimes?( ) a) because they havent seen each other for a long time. b) because their typed dialogue lacks emotional cues and she misinterprets it. c) because he doesnt love her any longer. d) because he doesnt send e-mails to her frequently.,4.what does th

34、e author think the daily routine is?( ) a) dressing for work. b) working with colleagues at the office. c) sleeping normal hours. d) all the above.,restore：rist:,- vt. bring back to a former condition恢復(fù)used in the patterns: restore sth.; restore sb. to sth. winning three games restored their confidence. doing sports every day restored the old man to good health.,collocation: arrange for安排, 準備 arrange with sb. about sth.與某人商定某事,set apart,- phrasal verb to make someone