1、經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,Chapter 1 International trade & practice,Lesson objectives Define Incoterms Understand how Incoterms assist traders Identify the main issues governing choice of a suitableIncoterm State the main provisions of these Incoterms: FOB,CFR, CIF, FCA, CPT, CIP,1.1 conception Exchange of good

2、s and services from one country to another. two issues-goods and services.,1 Introduction to International trade,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,1.2 Participants,The buyer The seller Banks And other participants,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,1.3 Cautions in international trade,The credit standing Payment methods Trade terms The ex

3、change risks,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,2 Trade Terms,Trade terms are using a shorthand expression or three-letter abbreviation to indicate the formation of the unit price and determine the responsibilities, expenses and risks borne by two parties as well as the time of the passing of the property in the goods.

4、,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,Examples,Chinese North-eastern Rice USD 200.00 per metric ton FOB Dalian,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,2.2 Why do we need trade terms?,In import-export transactions, there are usually many other extra costs in addition to the cost of goods themselves. One obvious cost is that of transporting the go

5、ods from the seller to the buyer.,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,question,Think about what other costs there might be? ?,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,answer,insurance of the goods import duty or taxes -loading, unloading and handling charges packaging for export documentation charges,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,3 International trade practice

6、,Warsaw-Oxford Rules, 1932 (CIF ONLY) Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions (6 kinds) INCOTERMS 2000 (13 kinds),經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,3.1What are INCOTERMS,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,insurance of the goods import duty or taxes -loading, unloading and handling charges packaging for export documentation charges,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)

7、院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,3.2 INCOTERMS,To simplify communications between traders about these matters, the International Chamber of Commerce has created: A set of thirteen standard packages of terms and conditions, designed to suit typical trading conditions. These are called Incoterms.,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,VERSIONS,I

8、ncoterms are revised by the ICC from time to time. The last revision, Incoterms 2000, came into force on 1st January 2000, replacing the previous edition, Incoterms 1990.,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,ICC,International Chamber of Commerce International non-governmental body concerned with promotion of trade and ha

9、rmonisation of trading practice.,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,3.3 Table of Incoterms,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,4 Main trade terms,4.1 FOB: Free on Board (named port of shipment) A widely used term. Seller delivers goods, cleared for export and loaded onto the ship, main carriage unpaid. Only applies to transport by sea or i

10、nland waterway. Should only be used for conventional cargo, e.g. break-bulk. For containerised or multi-modal transportation, FCA is more appropriate.,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,Detailed responsibilities,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,Risks transfer,When the goods have effectively passed the ships rail at the named port of shi

11、pment .,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,4.2 CFR: Cost and Freight (named port of destination),A widely used term. Seller delivers goods on board ship and pays for main carriage to port of destination, but does not pay for insurance. Only applies to transport by sea or inland waterway. For containerised or multi-moda

12、l transportation, CPT is more appropriate.,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,Detailed responsibilities,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,Risks transfer,When the goods have effectively passed the ships rail at the named port of shipment .,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,4.3 CIF: Cost Insurance and Freight (named port of destination),A widely used term. T

13、he seller delivers goods on board ship and pays for main carriage to port of destination, and also pays for marine insurance. Note that the insurance required by this term is minimal - the commercial agreement may call for a higher level of cover to be provided.,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,Only applies to transp

14、ort by sea or inland waterway. Should only be used for conventional cargo, e.g. break-bulk. For containerised or multi-modal movements, CIP is more appropriate,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,Detailed responsibilities,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,Risks transfer,When the goods have effectively passed the ships rail at the named po

15、rt of shipment,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,4.4 FCA: Free Carrier (named place),May be used for any mode of transport. Common for containerised shipments. Exporter l delivers to a named place l provides export licence l pays export duties Importer pays all costs from named place (insurance, import duties, taxes,經(jīng)

16、貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,Detailed responsibilities,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,Risks transfer,When the goods have been taken in charge by the carrier at the named place .,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,4.5 CPT: Carriage Paid To (named place of destination),Exporter: l delivers to named destination l pays cost and freight l provides export

17、 licence l provides transport document Importer: l pays cost and freight from named destionation l pays insurance pays import duties,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,Detailed responsibilities,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,Risks transfer,The Buyer assumes risks when the seller has delivered the goods to the first carrier in the journey.,經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院國際貿(mào)易系 王學(xué)惠 ,4.6 CIP: Carriage and Insurance Paid to (named place of destination),Seller: l cost delivers to a named destination l pays s, insurance & freight l p