1、四川省宣漢中學(xué)2014高中英語(yǔ) Module 3 My First Ride on a Train Period 4 Grammar 1. The ed form過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)分詞是動(dòng)詞的一種非限定形式，主要起構(gòu)成形容詞和副詞的作用，共有兩種形式，一種是現(xiàn)在分詞（-ing）,一種是過(guò)去分詞（-ed）.現(xiàn)在分詞一般有主動(dòng)的意思，過(guò)去分詞一般有被動(dòng)和完成的意思，以下主要是過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的幾點(diǎn)用法。（1）及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞單獨(dú)用作定語(yǔ)，表被動(dòng)。 e.g. moved students drowned people used paper a broken cup developed countries

2、 (2 )個(gè)別的過(guò)去分詞（多由不及物動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成）只表示完成，不表示被動(dòng)。e.g. fallen leaves. / returned students. 歸國(guó)留學(xué)生。(3)某些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，既可作前置定語(yǔ)，又可作后置定語(yǔ)，但含義不同。e.g.The method used( 被采用的) is very efficient./ This is a used（用過(guò)的）book.The book given(給) to him is an English novel.We will be meeting at a given(特定的) time and place. (4) 有些過(guò)去分詞己經(jīng)失

3、去了被動(dòng)意義, 相當(dāng)于形容詞作定語(yǔ),表示主語(yǔ)所處的一種狀態(tài).常用來(lái)修飾人。 也可以修飾物，這類被過(guò)去分詞所修飾指物的名詞大概有兩類:a.指人發(fā)出的聲音: voice , shout , scream , cry 等;b.指人的面部表情: face, look , expression , smile 等;修飾的過(guò)去分詞有:disappointed, puzzled, surprised, excited, satisfied, frightened, pleased, trembled, discouraged, etc.a frightened look 驚恐的神態(tài)a frightening

4、 look 嚇人的神態(tài)a pleased smile （自己感到）滿意的微笑a pleasing smile 令人愉快的微笑2一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成、表達(dá)及用法結(jié)構(gòu)形式：使用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。（注意不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式形式） 用法： 表示一個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)（與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)，一個(gè)純粹的過(guò)去事實(shí)），常與表示過(guò)去的具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用（或有上下文語(yǔ)境的暗示）。如yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when 。 I had a word with Julia this mor

5、ning.今天早晨，我跟朱麗亞說(shuō)了幾句話。 Where did you live when you were young? Lu Xun wrote many books in his life. 說(shuō)明： 1. 表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和often ,always,never等連用。 He always went to work by bus last year. Often at night she would hear a long low whistle. used to +動(dòng)詞原形，也可以表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣，而現(xiàn)在已不; 但是would則表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。 There used

6、 to be some trees by the lake. We would go to the shop to drink when we were at school. 2.表示說(shuō)話者原來(lái)沒(méi)有料到、想到或希望的事。 I thought the film would be interesting ,but it isnt. I didnt know that man was my friend, Mike. He had completely changed. 3. 對(duì)于一個(gè)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而談及其具體的某一方面的情況則使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。Have you had your l

7、unch? 你吃過(guò)午飯了嗎？（意思是說(shuō)你現(xiàn)在不餓嗎？） Yes, I have. 是的，我已經(jīng)吃過(guò)了。（意思是說(shuō)已經(jīng)吃飽了，不想再吃了。） When did you have it? 你是什么時(shí)候吃的？（關(guān)心的是吃的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在何時(shí)。） I had it about ten minutes ago. 我是大約十分鐘以前吃的。 4. 表示兩個(gè)緊接著發(fā)生或一連串的并列過(guò)去動(dòng)作，都使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 He bought a watch but lost it. Mrs Cousin ran to the table, picked up her baby in her arms, ran inside

8、and shut the door.語(yǔ)法練習(xí)(一)1.Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known 2. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _in your mind instead of before your eyes. A. to fo

9、rm B. form C. formed D. having formed 3. there was an _ look on his face when the actress appeared. A. excited B. excitement C. exciting D. excitedly4. Its wrong for the _ countries to control the world. A. development B. developing C. developed D. develop 5. I have collected the money _. A. needing

10、 B. need C. to need D. needed6. The bridge _ next year will be very long. A. being built B. to be built C. built D. building7.The book can be used in _ countries. A. English-speaking B. English-spoken C. speaking-Englis D. spoken-English8. From his _ voice, I have to say that you are really_. A. dis

11、appointed; disappointed B. disappointing; disappointing C. disappointed; disappointing D. disappointing; disappointed9. This is the problem_ at the meeting yesterday. A. being discussed; B. having discussed C. to be discussed D. discussed10. The _ look on his face suggested that he had not expected

12、so. A. surprised B. surprising C. excited D. exciting語(yǔ)法練習(xí)(二)用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Prices of daily goods _ (buy) by computer can be lower than store prices.2. Have you read the novel _ (write) by Dickens?3. The girl let out a _(frighten) cry at the sight of the snake.4. The _ (lose) boy was last seen pl

13、aying near the East Lake.5. A little child _ (learn) to walk often falls.6. The song, _ (record) in the studio, sounded wonderful.7. The concert _ (give) by the twins was a great success. 8. The government decided to rebuild the _ (damage) bridge. 9. Whats the language _ (speak) in Germany?10. The c

14、omputer center _ (open) last year is very popular among the students in this school.Period5writing熟悉游記寫(xiě)作，描述精彩旅行【案例呈現(xiàn)】請(qǐng)以An unusual trip為題，根據(jù)下面表格中的提示內(nèi)容寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文，介紹你所經(jīng)歷的一次不同尋常的旅游。注意: 1. 文章的開(kāi)頭已經(jīng)給出, 但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù); 2. 短文內(nèi)容須包括表格中的所有內(nèi)容; 3. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié), 以使行文連貫; 4. 詞數(shù):100左右。An unusual tripOur class and science teacher ha

15、d an unusual trip to Taiping Forest Park on July 1, 2010._【寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)】審題定調(diào)：文體：游記屬于記敘文；時(shí)態(tài)：以一般過(guò)去時(shí)為主，但描述景色或發(fā)表議論時(shí)可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；人稱：第一人稱；內(nèi)容：以旅游活動(dòng)為主，介紹旅游時(shí)間、天氣狀況、人員、交通方式、目的地、出發(fā)時(shí)間、到達(dá)時(shí)間、返回時(shí)間等為輔，可以適時(shí)描寫(xiě)自己的感受。此外還應(yīng)注意： 游記的順序：在敘述過(guò)程中，先參觀了什么，后參觀了什么，一定要有一個(gè)清晰明確的順序，也就是路線圖。通常我們可以按游覽的先后順序記敘。自然景觀及人文景觀的有機(jī)結(jié)合：在對(duì)參觀過(guò)的自然風(fēng)景進(jìn)行描述時(shí)可以結(jié)合景觀的歷史、當(dāng)?shù)氐?/p>

16、風(fēng)土人情、文化、生態(tài)、環(huán)境保護(hù)等方面來(lái)描寫(xiě)，以達(dá)到自然景觀和人文景觀的和諧統(tǒng)一?！坝胃小倍l(fā)，融情于景：寫(xiě)作時(shí)適當(dāng)?shù)厥惆l(fā)作者內(nèi)心的獨(dú)特感受也可以起到打動(dòng)讀者，與讀者一起分享的目的。布局謀篇： 全文按總分總結(jié)構(gòu)安排。常用表達(dá)：動(dòng)身出發(fā)：set off / out, start, leave for, drive, take time to get to / arrive at / reach ., take bus / train / plane, have a trip to, pay a visit to .旅游活動(dòng)：watch, show . around, take photos, go

17、 fishing, take a boat, have a picnic, come back .對(duì)景地的描寫(xiě)：be famous for, be surrounded / covered by, have a style of, have a long history, date back to, develop into a centre of, beyond description, be the symbol of分享感受：be attracted / moved by the beauty / view, interesting, wonderful, never forget, a

18、n unusual experience, tired, love, excited, leave an unforgettable impression on sb., ones trip to . is unforgettable, have a positive effect on, have a good time, enjoy oneself .【范文欣賞】An unusual tripOur class and science teacher had an unusual trip to Taiping Forest Park on July 1, 2010.That day wa

19、s sunny and we spent two hours reaching there by bus. We walked through the forest park and wrote down some information about the animals and plants we knew.When we found some unknown plants, we asked our science teacher. At lunchtime we had a picnic, took photos and enjoyed the beautiful scenery. I

20、n the afternoon we tested the river water to see if it was polluted. After that we went fishing. It was dark and we had to return to school by bus.Though tired, I was still happy, because I learned something new.Period6 Cultural cornerRead the passage and answer the questions:1. What are the main di

21、fferences between a magnetically levitated train and an ordinary train?2. What are the advantages of traveling on a Maglev train?3. read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.The Transrapid MaglevIt is 1._train in the world using magnetic levitation technology. It runs at a speed of over 2._kilo

22、metres per hour. It travels in a(n)3._between two magnets. There ate no rails and no 4._.They travel very fast and use less 5._.On Dec.31.2002Premier Zhu Rongji and German chancellor attended the 6._of the train service and took the train to 7._On Nov.12 2003The Maglev reached a speed of 8._kilometr

23、es per hour on the track between Longyang Station and Pudong,setting a new world record speed for a train.Language points:Some new words and phrases1.Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometres per hour, the train can complete the 30-kilometre journey in eight minutes.句中Travelling at a speed of ove

24、r 400 kilometres per hour是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)在句中作狀語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)用作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、伴隨或方式以及結(jié)果等。從分詞的時(shí)間意義上看，現(xiàn)在分詞一般式表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生；從語(yǔ)態(tài)意義上看，現(xiàn)在分詞一般式往往表示主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，它所修飾的人或物是分詞動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，即句子的主語(yǔ)。（1）表示時(shí)間Looking out of the window, I saw some students playing there.(=When I looked out of the window)Hearing the news, he couldnt help laughing.(2)表示時(shí)間Being League members, we are ready to help others.=(Since we are League members)Being poor, he couldnt afford a