1、Unit4 The next step Grammar and usageThoughts on the design:本單元的內(nèi)容是修辭典故。語(yǔ)言是文化的載體，是文化的結(jié)晶，又是文化的重要組成部分，典故中潛藏著大量的語(yǔ)言文化信息，是語(yǔ)言的重要組成部分。了解典故的出處與內(nèi)涵，就能準(zhǔn)確地理解其寓意，欣賞其魅力，對(duì)跨文化交際很有必要，無(wú)論是在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，還是在口頭語(yǔ)中，習(xí)語(yǔ)使用的頻率都很高，有著重要的交際功能。本單元用一課時(shí)教學(xué)，采用發(fā)現(xiàn)法教學(xué)方法，即教師呈現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，學(xué)生在感知和理解的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)觀(guān)察和發(fā)現(xiàn)，從而歸納出語(yǔ)法規(guī)則。通過(guò)多媒體的導(dǎo)入和活動(dòng)的開(kāi)展，學(xué)生在準(zhǔn)備、參與的過(guò)程中會(huì)充分體現(xiàn)教學(xué)目

2、標(biāo)，以親歷親為的感受去領(lǐng)悟語(yǔ)言語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。Teaching Aims:After learning the grammar, the students will be able to:1. Know what an allusion is, how an allusion is used, and how to understand an allusion;2. Apply what they have learned correctly. Teaching procedures: Step 1 Lead-in Get the students enjoy the following pictu

3、res and answer some questions.Question: Can you guess the meaning of each picture in Chinese?Explanation利用圖片、音像資料創(chuàng)設(shè)情境，以學(xué)生熟悉的內(nèi)容為切入點(diǎn)，將枯燥的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)講解轉(zhuǎn)化為生動(dòng)的生活情景，使課堂活動(dòng)栩栩如生，讓學(xué)生在逼真的生活空間中領(lǐng)悟典故語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的內(nèi)涵，欣賞典故英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的魅力。Step 2 More information about the topic 1. What are the expressions above called in Chinese? 典故 Allusi

4、ons; When we refer to words or phrases like these to talk about another person or thing, we are using allusions.2. Do you know some English allusions? (allusions in reading part) Scrooge Sam saved every penny he had in order to buy a new bike. In fact, some of his friends said he was a bit of a Scro

5、oge. (A character who is extremely mean. It comes from the novel A Christmas Carol).3. Introduce more allusions in English.a sacred cowThis policy, which used to be very successful, remains a sacred cow, though it no longer meets the needs of the current situation. (Someone or something that is held

6、 in high regard and can not be harmed. It is from religion).be over the moonTerry was over the moon because his favourite team had just won the championship match. (Someone who is very happy. It is from works).Pandoras boxHow could we have known that by applying for a credit card we were opening Pan

7、doras box. (One action has caused a lot of bad things to happen. It comes from works).WaterlooAfter spending all his money and failing to raise funds for his project, he is facing his Waterloo. (A final defeat or failure. It comes from history).Mother TeresaShe has done a lot of charity work this ye

8、ar and is a real Mother Teresa. (A person who works selflessly for others. It comes from real life).Explanation典故往往會(huì)導(dǎo)致理解上的障礙或造成誤解。中國(guó)人在口頭或書(shū)面表達(dá)事物及思想感情時(shí)經(jīng)常使用典故，巧妙地運(yùn)用典故，不僅會(huì)使文章多姿多彩，而且寓意深刻，令人回味。英語(yǔ)中典故也是非常豐富的，通過(guò)配對(duì)練習(xí)，喚起學(xué)生的求知興趣。學(xué)生的思維隨著練習(xí)的展開(kāi)逐步深入，感知典故的魅力。Step 3 Further understanding1. The ways of making an allus

9、ion. a. examples from literature b. examples from religion c. examples from works d. examples from history e. examples from real life 2. Fill in the blanks.AllusionsCome fromThe meaningsLei FengReal lifeTo describe a person who is kind and ready to help others.Mona LisaA work of artTo describe a per

10、son with charming smile.Lin DaiyuThe novel Red MansionTo describe the young lady who is sentimental and sickish.Judas猶大The BibleTo describe someone who betray their friends or beliefs.Explanation先閱讀領(lǐng)悟再練習(xí)鞏固，任務(wù)型活動(dòng)輔助語(yǔ)法教學(xué)，讓學(xué)生在實(shí)踐中領(lǐng)會(huì)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，“在做中學(xué)”。以具體的任務(wù)為載體，以完成任務(wù)為動(dòng)力，把知識(shí)和技能融為一體，有利于引導(dǎo)學(xué)生形成“為用而學(xué)、在用中學(xué)、學(xué)以致用”的良性學(xué)習(xí)循

11、環(huán)和思維習(xí)慣。Step 4 Practice 1. Read the instruction and the table to understand the meaning of each allusion. (1) Mickey Mouse course 非常容易 (2) dark horse 黑馬 (3) Daniel in the lions den 艱巨的任務(wù) (4) catch-22 令人左右為難的規(guī)定 (5) Achilles heel 致命要害 (6) Jonah 帶來(lái)不幸的人 (7)a Herculean task 極為艱巨的工作 (8) good Samaritan 心地善良

12、，樂(lè)于助人的人2. Put them in the right places in Zhang Hongs diary. (1) a Herculean (2) dark horse (3) Mickey Mouse course (4) Daniel in the lions den (5) Achilles heel (6) good Samaritan (7) catch-22 (8) JonahExplanation課堂練習(xí)是語(yǔ)法教學(xué)的一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)，是學(xué)生知識(shí)形成的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵過(guò)程，通過(guò)練習(xí)鞏固知識(shí)，開(kāi)發(fā)學(xué)生思維，使學(xué)生進(jìn)一步熟悉和掌握語(yǔ)法典故的用法。Step 5 Consolidation Ask students to choose one of the task and try to guess the meanings of the allusions. (If you know the answer, you will get the object you choose.)Explanation通過(guò)游戲競(jìng)賽的活動(dòng)，調(diào)動(dòng)全體學(xué)生參與，將語(yǔ)法教學(xué)與激發(fā)興趣、形成性評(píng)價(jià)和聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、寫(xiě)三項(xiàng)技能綜合訓(xùn)練融合在一起，較好地體現(xiàn)了新的語(yǔ)法教學(xué)觀(guān)。Step 6 Homework 1. Try to understand the me