1、語(yǔ)言學(xué)概論復(fù)習(xí)題1. Which of the following statements about language is NOJ true? A. Language is a system. B. Language is symbolic. C. Animals also have language. D. Language is arbitrary. 2. Which of the following features is NOT one of the design features of language? A. Symbolic. B. Dual. C. Productive. D

2、. Arbitrary. 3. What are the dual structures of language? A. Sounds and letters. B. Sounds and meaning. C. Letters and meaning. D. Sounds and symbols. 4. Which of the following statements can be used to describe displacement, one of the unique properties of language? A. We can easily teach our child

3、ren to learn a certain language. B. We can use both shu and tree to describe the same thing. C. We can use language to refer to something not present. D. We can produce sentences that have never been heard before. 5. What is the most important function of language? A. Interpersonal B. Phatic C. Info

4、rmative. D. Metalingual 6. Which of the following is one of the core branches of linguistics? A. Phonology B. Psycholinguistics C. Socio-linguistics. D. Anthropology. 7. Which of the following branches of linguistics takes the inner Structure of word as its main object of study? A. Phonetics. B. Sem

5、antics. C. Morphology. D. Syntax. 8. Which of the following modes of study emphasizes on the standards of language? A. Prescriptive. B. Descriptive. C. Synchronic. D. Diachronic. 9. Who put forward the distinction between Langue and Parole? A. Saussure B. Chomsky C. Halliday D. Anonymous 10. The dis

6、tinction between competence and performance is proposed by _ . A. Saussure B. Halliday C. Chomsky D. the Prague School 11. According to Chomsky, _ is the ideal users internalized knowledge of his language. A. competence B. parole C. performance D. langue 12. is a design feature of human language tha

7、t enables speakers to talk about a wide range of things, free from barriers caused by separation in time and space. A. Displacement B. Arbitrariness C. Duality D. Productivity 13. The function of the sentence A nice day, isnt it? is A. informative B. phatic C.drrective D.performative 14. General lin

8、guistics is the scientific study of _ A. language of a certain individual B. the German language C. human languages in general D. the system of a particular language 1-5 CABCC6-10 ACAAC11-14 AABC1. Articulatory phonetics mainly studies _ . A. the physical properties of the sounds produced in speech

9、B. the perception of sounds C. the combination of sounds D. the production of sounds 2. Where are the vocal cords? A. In the mouth. B. In the nasal cavity. C. Above the tongue. D. Inside the larynx. 3. The distinction between vowels and consonants lies in A. the place of articulation B. the obstruct

10、ion of airstream C. the position of the tongue D. the shape of the lips 4. Which of the following phonetic descriptions matches the English consonant p? - A. A voiceless bilabial stop. B. A voiced bilabial stop. C. A voiceless dental stop. D. A voiced dental fricative. 5. What is the common factor o

11、f the three sounds: p, k, t? A. Voiceless B. Spread C. Voiced D. Nasal 6. What phonetic feature distinguish the p in please and the p in speak? A. Voicing B. Aspiration C. Roundness D. Nasality 7. Which of the following sounds is a vowel glide? A. t B. o c. ei D. dau8. Which of the following is not

12、a distinctive feature in English? A. voicing B. nasal C. approximation D. aspiration 9. Which of the following is not one of the criteria of vowel description? A. The part of the tongue that is raised. B. The extent to which the tongue rises. C. The shape of the lips. D. The extent to which the teet

13、h draw together. 10. Which of the following sounds is a back vowel? A. i B. w C. e D. u11. The diphthong in the word bite is composed of: _ . A. a and i B. le and i C. a and le D. o and i 12. English consonants can be classified into stops, fricatives, nasals, etc. in terms of A. manner of articulat

14、ion B. openness of mouth C. place of articulation D. voicing 13. The phonological features of the consonant k are _ . A. voiced stop B. voiceless stop C. voiced fricative D. voiceless fricative 14. e is different from a in A. the shape of the lips B. the height of the tongue C. the part of the tongu

15、e that is raised D. the position of the soft palate 15. p is different from k in A. the manner of articulation B. the shape of the lips C. the vibration of the vocal cords D. the place of articulation 16. Vibration of the vocal cords results in A. aspiration B. nasality C. obstruction D. voicing1-5

16、DDBAA6-10 BCDDD ?11-16 AABBDD1. is the branch of linguistics which studies the characteristics of speech sounds and provides methods for their description, classification and transcription. A. Phonetics B. Phonology C. Semantics D. Pragmatics 2. studies the sound systems in a certain language. A. Ph

17、onetics B. Phonology C. Semantics D. Pragmatic3. Which of the following groups of words is a minimal pair? A. but-pub B. wet-which C. cool-curl D. fail-find 4. Minimal pairs are used to . A. find the distinctive features of a language. B. find the phonemes of a language. C. compare two words. D. fin

18、d the allophones of a language. 5. If two similar sound segments never occur in the same phonetic environment, then they are _ . A. two separate phonemes. B. two allophones of a phoneme. C. two free variations of a phoneme. D. a minimal pair. 6. Which of the following distinctive features can be use

19、d to separate k from g? A. Glottal (place of articulation) B. NasalC. Voiced D. Spread7. Usually, suprasegmental features include , length and pitch. A. Phoneme B. speech sounds C. syllables D. stress 8. is an indispensable part of a syllable. A. Coda B. Onset C. Stem D. Peak 9. The onset of a sylla

20、ble can be composed of . A. one vowel B. two vowels C. three consonants D. four consonants 10. Where is the primary stress of the word phonology? A. pho B. no C. lo D. gy 11. In the following lines, And where are they? and where are thou . the last word thou should be stressed because it is in a com

21、parative position with the word they. We name this kind of sentence stress as A. structural sentence stress B. contrastive sentence stress C. grammatical sentence stress D. primary sentence stress 12. In isolated reading (i.e., without any specific context), the word in in the sentence She is in the

22、 classroom should A. not be stressed B. be stressedC. be the primary stress of the sentence D. be more stressed than is 13. If there is an English adjective pornatial, is the most possible for negative form. A. ip- B. im- C. il- D. in- 14. is not a suprasegmental feature. A. Aspiration B. Intonation

23、 C. Stress D. Tone1-5 ABCBB6-10 CDDCB11-14 BABA1. _ is the smallest unit of language in terms of relationship between expression and content. A. Word B. Morpheme C. Allomorph D. Root 2. _ studies the internal structure of words, and the rules by which words are formed. A. Morphology B. Syntax C. Pho

24、nology D. Semantics 3. Lexeme is _ . A. a physically definable unit B. the common factor underlying a set of forms C. a grammatical unit D. an indefinable unit 4. An _ language is a language in which concepts that we express using prepositions, possessive adjectives; and so on are expressed as morph

25、s concatenated ill the same words as the relevant base. A. Inflecting B. Agglutinating C. Isolating D. Analytical5. In the word conceive, the morpheme -ceive is a A. free root B. bound root C. suffix D. prefix6. The plural affix in the word tables is a(n) . A. inflectional suffix B. derivational suf

26、fix C. free morpheme D. root 7. Which of the following sounds does not belong to the allomorphs of the English plural morpheme _ . A. s B. iz C. ai D. is 8. Which of the following processes of lexical change does the Chinese word 科技 experienced? A. Blending B. Abbreviation C. Borrowing D. Back-forma

27、tion 9. Which of the following words is created through the process of acronym. A. ad B. edit C. AIDS D. Bobo 10. All words contain a A. root morpheme B. bound morphemeC. prefix D. suffix11. Which of the following words is a derivational one _ . A. black board B. teaches C. consideration D. books12.

28、 _ belongs to a closed word class. A. In B. Beautiful C. Noun D. Create13. The relationship between fruit and apple is . A. homonymy B. hyponymy C. polysemy D. synonymy 14. The word lab is formed through A. back formation B. blending C. clipping D. derivation1-5 BABBB 6-10 ACBCA 11-14 CABC1. When we

29、 say that we can change the second word in the sentence He is waiting outside with another word or phrase, we are talking about _ inside the sentence. A. syntactic relations B. paradigmatic relations C. Linear relations D. Government 2. The part of the grammar that represents a speakers knowledge of

30、 the structure of phrases and sentences is called . A. lexicon B. morphology C. syntax D. semantics 3. What does IC stands for as a syntactic notion and analytical technique? A. Inferential Connective B. Inflectional Component C. Immediate Constituent D; Implicative Communication 4. If we are to use

31、 the technique of IC analysis to analyze the sentence she broke the window with a stone yesterday, where is the first cut? A. between stone and yesterday B. between she and broke C. between broke and the window D. between window and with 5. _ is the defining properties of units like noun (number, ge

32、nder, etc.) and verb (tense, aspect, etc.). A. Parts of speech B. Word classes C. Grammatical categories D. Functions of words 6. Which of the following items is not one of the grammatical categories of English pronouns? A. gender B. number C. case D. voice 7. _ is a relationship in which a word of

33、a certain class determines the form of others in terms of certain categories. A. Concord B. Immediate constituent C. Syntagmatic relations D. Government 8. _ proposed to define sentence as the maximum free form. A. Bloomfield B. Chomsky C. Halliday D. Saussure 9. The phrase boys and girls is a(n) _

34、. A. subordinate endocentric construction B. coordinate endocentric construction C. subordinate exocentric construction D. coordinate exocentric construction 10. Chomsky holds that the major task of linguistics is to _ . A. study real facts in daily settings B. tell people how to speak appropriately

35、 C. look for the universal grammar D. tell people what is right in language use 11. What is the full form of LAD? A. Language associative district B. Linguistic acquisition district C. Language associative device D. Language acquisition device 12. A speakers actual utterance in Chomskys terminology

36、is called _ . A. deep structure B. linguistic universals C. universal grammar D. surface structure 13. Chomsky studies language from a psychological point of view, holding language is a form of _ ; while Halliday focuses on the social aspect of language regarding language as a form of _ . A. knowing

37、, doing B. knowing, thinkingC. thinking, doing D. doing, knowing 1-5 BCCBC 6-10 DDADC 11-13 DDA1. The pair of words lend and borrow are A. gradab1e opposites B. converse opposites C. co-hyponyms D. synonyms 2. A word with several meanings is called _ word. A. a polysemous B. a synonymous C. an abnor

38、mal D. a multiple 3. The semantic components of the word gentleman can be expressed as_ A. +animate, +male, +human, -adult B. +animate, +male, -human, +adult C. +animate, -male, +human, -adult D. +animate,-male, +human, +adult 4. _ is not included in Leechs associative meaning: A. Connotative meanin

39、g B. Social meaning C. Collocational meaning D. Thematic meaning 5. Among Leechs seven types of meaning is concerned with the relationship between a word and the thing it refers to . A. conceptual B. affective C. reflected D. thematic 6. According to the referential theory, a word is not directly re

40、lated to the thing it refers to. They are connected by A. meaning B. reference C. concept D. sense 7. _ is a phrase which can only be understood as a unit, not as a summation of the meaning of each constituent word, A. Collocation B. Idiom C. Semantic component D. Synonym 8. Big and Small are a pair of _ opposites. A. complementary B. gradable C. complete D. converse1-5 BABDA 6-8 CBB1.