1、20152011年各省市高考題passage 1(2015新課標全國)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。yangshuo，chinait was raining lightly when i 1 (arrive) in yangshuo just before dawn.but i didnt care.a few hours 2 ，id been at home in hong kong，with 3 (it) choking smog.here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.id skip

2、ped nearby guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the li river 4 are pictured by artists in so many chinese 5 (painting).instead，id headed straight for yangshuo.for those who fly to guilin，its only an hour away 6 car and offers all the scenery of the

3、 betterknown city.yangshuo 7 (be) really beautiful.a study of travelers 8 (conduct) by the website tripadvisor names yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.and the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in asia.abercrombie & kent，a travel company in hong kong

4、，says it 9 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10 (live) in shanghai and hong kong.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】桂林山水甲天下，陽朔風(fēng)光甲桂林。作者講述了從香港去陽朔旅游時的所見。1.解析考查動詞的時態(tài)。主句謂語動詞使用了過去進行時，根據(jù)語境此處要用一般過去時態(tài)。答案arrived2.解析考查副詞的用法。由語境可知，幾個小時之前我還在香港的家中，由此可知before/earlier符合句意。答案before/earlier3.解析考查形容詞性物主代詞的用法?？崭窈竺嬗忻~smog，故要使用形容詞性物主

5、代詞。答案its4.解析考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞的用法。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)不難判斷這是一個定語從句。先行詞為指物的mountain tops and dark waters，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，因此答案為that/ which。答案that/ which5.解析考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。“so many復(fù)數(shù)名詞”為一常用短語。答案paintings6.解析考查介詞的固定用法。根據(jù)句意可知，這只是驅(qū)車一小時的路程。“by交通工具名詞”為一固定短語。答案by7.解析考查主謂一致和動詞時態(tài)。本段介紹陽朔的自然條件，屬客觀事實，要用一般現(xiàn)在時，由于主語是單數(shù)第三人稱形式，因此答案為is。答案is8.解析考查過去分詞短語作

6、后置定語的用法。study與conduct之間為動賓關(guān)系，故用表示被動的過去分詞形式。此外，by是解題的關(guān)鍵詞，conducted by.意為“由所做的”。答案conducted9.解析考查副詞的用法。該詞修飾謂語動詞arrange，故要用其副詞形式。答案regularly10.解析考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語的用法。由于live與其所修飾的名詞people之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用表示主動意義的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。答案livingpassage 2(2015新課標全國)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。the adobe dwellings(土坯房) 1 (b

7、uild) by the pueblo indians of the american southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers.in addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3 (able) to “air condition”a house without 4 (use)electric equipment.walls made of adobe take in th

8、e heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.when a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 (cool) the house during the hot day： 7 the same time，they warm up again for the night.this cycle 8 (go) day afte

9、r day: the walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.as 9 (nature) architects，the pueblo indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】相比現(xiàn)代化的建筑，簡陋的土坯房可謂丑

10、陋不堪。但當(dāng)代的建筑師卻對其情有獨鐘。短文主要介紹了土坯房能夠調(diào)節(jié)溫度的原理。1.解析考查過去分詞短語作后置定語。主語dwellings與動詞build之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。又由by一詞的暗示也可知用表示被動意義的過去分詞。答案built2.解析考查定冠詞的用法?？崭裰鬄樾稳菰~的最高級形式，故填定冠詞。答案the3.解析考查形容詞與名詞的轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞性物主代詞their之后應(yīng)當(dāng)用名詞，故將able轉(zhuǎn)化為其名詞形式。答案ability4.解析考查介詞的用法。介詞without之后的動詞要用動名詞形式。答案using5.解析考查副詞的用法。由土坯制成的墻壁在炎熱的白天吸收太陽

11、的熱量并在涼爽的夜間慢慢將熱量釋放出來。修飾謂語動詞give out，因此要用副詞形式。答案slowly6.解析考查固定句式的用法?！靶稳菰~enough動詞不定式”為一常用句式。答案to cool7.解析考查固定短語的用法。at the same time意為“同時”，是一個常用介詞短語。答案at8.解析考查動詞的時態(tài)。這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了土坯房冬暖夏涼的原理，故用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。答案goes9.解析考查形容詞的用法。修飾名詞architects，故要用形容詞形式。答案natural10.解析考查賓語從句的連接詞用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是一個賓語從句。根據(jù)形容詞thick及結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里的

12、意思是印第安人要算出土坯墻的確切厚度。所以答案為how。答案howpassage 3(2015福建)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)以下提示：1)漢語提示，2)首字母提示，3)語境提示，在每個空格內(nèi)填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z單詞，所填單詞要求意義準確，拼寫正確。sometimes we have disagreements with people.when this (1)h ， the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument.here (2) my tips for you.the (3)

13、f thing i would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important.imagine you are a student and you share a flat (4) another student who you think isnt doing her share of the housework.if you say, “l(fā)ook, you never do your share of the housework.(5) are you going to do about it？”， the

14、discussion will very soon turn into an argument.its much more (6) (有幫助)to say something like, “i think we had (7)b have another look about how we divide up the housework.maybe there is a better way of dealing with it.”my second piece of (8)a is simple.if youre the person who is in the wrong, just ad

15、mit it! this is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument.just make an (9) (道歉), and move on.the other person will have more respect for you (10) the future if you do that.答案1.happens2.are3.first4.with5.what6.helpful/beneficial7.better8.advice9.apology10.inpassage 4(2015湖南)directions: complete t

16、he following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.research has become both simpler and more complex. its simpler because, 1 you have a computer, you can find information you need by searching the internet. for all your information, you dont have to go to 2 librar

17、y to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. instead, you can find some sources from the internet 3 print the copies needed.remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. that is, you 4 always rely just on the internet for your research.while finding informat

18、ion is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become 5 complex. there is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed 6 the amount of information. you need to learn 7 to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. also, 8 need to chec

19、k the accuracy of it.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】隨著電腦和因特網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn)，研究變得既簡單又復(fù)雜。一方面，我們不必像以往一樣在書中搜索資料，這為我們提供了極大的方便；另一方面，網(wǎng)絡(luò)中眾多的資料良莠不齊，選擇準確的信息使我們的工作變得愈加復(fù)雜。1.解析考查狀語從句。根據(jù)句意，如果你有了電腦，你可以通過上網(wǎng)獲得所需的信息。答案if2.解析考查冠詞。go to the library去圖書館；in the library 在圖書館。答案the3.解析考查連詞。and 連接并列謂語find和print。答案and4.解析考查情態(tài)動詞。根據(jù)上文你應(yīng)該(should)查閱不同的資料。答案shouldnt

20、5.解析考查形容詞比較級。參見上文第一句more complex。答案more6.解析考查介詞。be overwhelmed with 面臨，陷入。答案with7.解析考查疑問詞。根據(jù)句意，你需要學(xué)習(xí)如何分類并找到特定任務(wù)的相關(guān)信息。how to do 是含有疑問詞的不定式，在此處作賓語。答案how8.解析考查代詞。參見上文you need to learn how to sort throug.答案youpassage 5(2014新課標全國)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式are you facing a situation that looks

21、 impossible to fix?in 1969，the pollution was terrible along the cuyahoga river near cleveland，ohio.it 1 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.the river was so polluted that it 2 (actual) caught fire and burned.now，years later，this river is one of 3 most outstanding examples of environme

22、ntal cleanup.but the river wasnt changed in a few days 4 even a few months.it took years of work 5 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6 (clean) than ever.maybe you are facing an impossible situation.maybe you have a

23、 habit 7 is driving your family crazy.possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use.when you face such an impossible situation，dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?while there are 8 (amaze) stories of instant transformation，for most of us the 9

24、 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.just be 10 (patience).1.解析文章講的是1969年的事情，故用過去時。答案was2.解析修飾動詞caught，用副詞actually“實際上”。答案actually3.解析most outstanding是最高級，前面需要加the。答案the4.解析河流不是幾天或者幾個月里就改變了的，這里兩個時間是選擇關(guān)系，故用or。答案or5.解析這里考查固定句型：it takes some time

25、to do sth“做某事花費多長時間”。故應(yīng)填不定式to reduce。答案to reduce6.解析根據(jù)下文than知用形容詞的比較級。答案cleaner7.解析habit是先行詞，故用that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句。答案that/which8.解析是“令人吃驚的”，用形容詞修飾名詞stories，而amazed指“人感到吃驚的”，用來修飾人。答案amazing9.解析根據(jù)句子的謂語“are”可知主語應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)。答案changes10.解析根據(jù)空格前系動詞“be”可知這里應(yīng)為形容詞。答案patientpassage 6(2014廣東) 閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，

26、在空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。last year，my brother and i went to miami for a vacation.some of my friends who had been there before said 1 was a wonderful holiday destination.before we went，we had planned for months.when the day came，we were ready.after our plane landed，we went to the hotel.we had made

27、 our reservation six months 2 (early)，but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.we 3 (tell)that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week， 4 for the week after.i didnt understand 5 this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 6 the reservation.whats worse，the hot

28、el had been fully booked.when we were wondering what to do，the manager came out.she was 7 (surprise)helpful.she apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare vip room on 8 top floor.we had never stayed in such an amazing room，and we werent charged extra.the next day，my brother and i went to the bea

29、ch 9 we watched some people play volleyball.we got a little 10 (sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文，記述了我和我兄弟去miami(邁阿密)旅游，當(dāng)?shù)竭_目的地后，來到六個月前訂的賓館，卻意外被告知訂的房間是下個星期的，且該賓館房間已訂滿。正當(dāng)不知如何辦時，經(jīng)理出來了，將他們安排在留出來的vip房間，且不另外收他們的錢，真是喜出望外的事。1.解析在said后的賓語從句中缺主語，應(yīng)填代詞；指代前句中的miami這個地方，應(yīng)

30、用it。答案it2.解析在句中作狀語，依然用副詞；不變詞性，因為是較早的做的事，所以用比較級。答案earlier3.解析由句意可知，是“我們被告知”，由上下文的時態(tài)可知，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。答案were told4.解析根據(jù)上下句意，意為“不是為那個星期訂的，而是為后一個星期所訂的”，為not.but.結(jié)構(gòu)。答案but5.解析意為“我不知道為什么會發(fā)生這樣的事”，故用why引導(dǎo)賓語從句。答案why6.解析charge.for.是習(xí)慣搭配。答案for7.解析因本句已有作表語的形容詞helpful，所以應(yīng)當(dāng)用副詞來修飾形容詞helpful，指“令人驚訝地，意外地”，故填surprisingly

31、。答案surprisingly8.解析特指“在頂樓”。答案the9.解析先行詞是地點the beach，且在定語從句中作狀語，故填where (on which and on the beach and there)。答案where10.解析在表示“變化”的got后作表語，要用形容詞；sunburn是名詞，其形容詞形式是burnt或burned。答案sunburnt/sunburnedpassage 7(2014福建)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)以下提示：1)漢語提示，2)首字母提示，3)語境提示，在每個空格內(nèi)填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z單詞，所填單詞要求意義準確，拼寫正確。many of us were rai

32、sed with the saying“waste not，want not.”none of us，(1)h ，can completely avoid waste in our lives.any kind of waste is thoughtless.whether we waste our potential talents，our own time，our limited natural (2) (資源)，our money，or other peoples time，each of us can become more aware and careful.the smallest

33、 good habits can make a big (3)d .its a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our (4)b in a world that is in serious trouble.by focusing on (5) (節(jié)省)oil，water，paper，food，and clothing，we are playing a part (6) cutting down on waste.we must keep reminding (7) (自己)that it is easier to get into

34、 something (8) it is to get out of it.actually，severe damage (9)d to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution.its time for us to (10) no to waste so that our grandchildrens children will be able to develop well.we cant solve all the problems of waste，but we can encourage mindfulness

35、.waste not!1.解析句意：然而，在我們的生活中，沒有人能完全避免浪費。位于句中，前后都有逗號，用副詞，所以填however。答案however2.解析作waste的賓語，故用名詞形式，且用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。答案resources3.解析句意：最小的好習(xí)慣也會起作用。make a difference是固定用法，意思是有影響，起作用。答案difference4.解析do ones best是固定用法，意思是盡某人最大的努力。答案best5.解析介詞on之后用動詞的ing形式。答案saving6.解析play a part in是固定用法，意思是“在中起作用”。答案in7.解析句意：我們必須不斷

36、地提醒我們自己，所以填反身代詞ourselves。答案ourselves8.解析這里進行比較，所以用比較句式，故填than。答案than9.解析“嚴重危害”和“作用于”之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作定語。答案done10.解析句意：是時候?qū)Α袄速M”說不了。it is time for sb to do sth是固定用法，意思是“是時候做某事了?！贝鸢竤aypassage 8(2014湖南)directions: complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the con

37、text.we can choose our friends，but usually we cannot choose our neighbors.however，to get a happy home life，we have to get along with 1 as well as possible.an important quality in a neighbor is consideration for 2 .people should not do things 3 will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily.for example，t

38、elevision sets need not be played at full volume (音量) 4 loud pop music should not be played very late at night.by avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors，you can enjoy 5 friendly relationship with them.an equally important quality is tolerance.neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturb

39、ing other people， 6 there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable. 7 neighbors want to get along well with each other，they have to show their tolerance.in this way，everyone will live 8 peace.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】我們可以選擇朋友，卻無法選擇鄰居；因此處理好鄰里關(guān)系至關(guān)重要。該篇文章主要說明如何處理好鄰里關(guān)系。1.解析根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)此處缺少get along with的賓語，根據(jù)上下文句

40、意所填詞匯應(yīng)是前文提到的neighbors，故用代詞them。答案them2.解析根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)此處缺少介詞for的賓語，應(yīng)填名詞或代詞，根據(jù)下文意思可以總結(jié)出“好鄰居的重要品質(zhì)是為他人著想”，故填others。答案others3.解析分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知此句中需要填的是定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，先行詞是things指物，在從句中做主語，故用that/which。答案that/which4.解析此處缺少連詞，根據(jù)句意可知上下文是并列加順延的關(guān)系，故用and。答案and5.解析此處考查冠詞。relationship此處作可數(shù)名詞，且第一次出現(xiàn)，用a。答案a6.解析此處缺少連詞。根據(jù)語境：“鄰居們應(yīng)該盡其所能避免打

41、攪別人，但有時一些攪擾是不可避免的”。此處上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but。答案but7.解析此處缺少連詞。根據(jù)句意：“如果鄰居們想要和睦相處他們應(yīng)互相忍讓?！彼钤~匯應(yīng)能引導(dǎo)條件狀語或時間狀語從句，故用if或when。答案if/when8.解析此處考查固定短語的介詞搭配。根據(jù)句意，這樣，大家都能和平共處，故用in，“in peace”和平地。答案inpassage 9(2013廣東)閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。one day，nick invited his friends to supper.he was coo

42、king some delicious food in the kitchen.suddenly，he 1 (find)that he had run out of salt.so nick called to his son，“go to the village and buy some salt，but pay a fair price for it：neither too much 2 too little.”his son looked surprised.“i can understand why i shouldnt pay too much，father，but if i can

43、 pay less, 3 not save a bit of money？”“that would be a very 4 (reason)thing to do in a big city，but it could destroy a small village like ours，”nick said.nicks guests, 5 had heard their conversation，asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.nick replied，“the only reason a man wou

44、ld sell salt 6 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.and anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 7 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“but such a small thing couldnt 8 (possible) destroy a village.”“in the

45、beginning, there was only 9 very small amount of unfairness in the world，but everyone added a little，always 10 (think) that it was only small and not very important，and look where we have ended up today.”【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文通過nick叫兒子去買鹽要給合理價格的故事說明，一定要公平對待他人，尊重努力工作的人的汗水和努力。1.解析動詞時態(tài)。在主格人稱代詞he后應(yīng)為謂語動詞，由語境可知用一般過去時。答

46、案found2.解析并列連詞。nor構(gòu)成并列連詞neither.nor。答案nor3.解析連接副詞。why not do sth (何不做某事)？是固定句式。答案why4.解析詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。在名詞前作定語要用形容詞。答案reasonable5.解析非限制性定語從句。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，并在從句中作主語，先行詞是人，故填who。答案who6.解析介詞。因名詞a low price在句中不作主語、動詞的賓語，應(yīng)為介詞的賓語；根據(jù)習(xí)慣搭配，用介詞at。答案at7.解析介詞。show respect for表示尊重。答案for8.解析副詞。修飾謂語動詞作狀語，用副詞。答案possibly9.解析不定冠詞。a small amount of(少量的)是固定搭配。答案a10.解析非謂語動詞。因everyone與think是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作added的伴隨狀語。答案thinkingpassage 10(2011廣東)閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。one sunday morning in august i went t