1、Unit 3,Oxford English,Module 2 Arts and crafts,Grammar,Traditional skills,Active voice & Passive voice 主動語態(tài)&被動語態(tài),Damin uses cormorants to catch fish. Damin uses several ways to attract fish. The cormorants bring the fish back to the boat.,(Active Voice)主動語態(tài),Active sentences tell us who or what does

2、something.,主語+動詞（謂語）+賓語,The fish are then taken and thrown into a big basket by Damin.,No nets are required for this type of fishing.,Cormorant fishing was once practised in lots of places in South- East China,Passive sentences often do not tell us who or what does something.,Sth+ be+動詞(done)+by sb,

3、(Passive Voice)被動語態(tài),1.規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：,1)一般情況在動詞原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的加-d,practice-practiced,3)以輔音加y結(jié)尾的，去y變i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一 個輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：,am,is,are was were,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,動詞過去分詞(done)的變化:,Basic structure: 主 b

4、e + P.P. (done) by 表示“被”、“遭”、“受”等意義,We from the passive voice in the simple present tense like this.,I You/ We/ They He/ She/ It,We use _, _ or _+past participle to form the passive voice in the simple present tense.,Work out the rule,am( not) are (not) is (not),seen,Things to remember,When we want

5、to tell who or what does something in a passive sentence, we add a phrase with by. The fish are then taken and thrown into a big basket by Damin.,am,are,is,His brother washes bowls every day,主（執(zhí)行者）,謂,賓(承受者),Bowls,are washed,by,his brother,every day.,改為被動語態(tài),承受者（承受動作的人/物）,執(zhí)行者（做動作的人/物）,am/is /are + don

6、e,1.They make shoes in that factory.,一般現(xiàn)在時：,變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài),am/is /are +過去分詞(p.p),Shoes,are made,by them,Once a year, a new cormorant(1)_ by Damin. First, the cormorant eggs(2)_. Then the best one (3)_ and given to a chicken. After 26 days, the baby cormorant breaks out of the egg. Then it (4)_ by Damin hims

7、elf. For ten days, it (5)_ food every hour. The temperature (6)_ to keep the baby cormorant warm. The baby cormorant grows stronger. After two months, it can join the other cormorants on the boat.,Mary read another article about Damin and his birds in the newspaper. Complete the article with the ver

8、bs from the box in the present passive form.,bring up check control give look after take,is brought up,are checked,is taken,is looked after,is given,is controlled,They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing

9、.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made by us in Beijing.,Exercise,We from the passive voice in the simple past tense like this.,I You/ We/ They He/ She/ It,We use _or _+past participle to

10、 form the passive voice in the simple past tense.,Work out the rule,was ( not) were (not) was (not),seen,were,was,2.He looked after the little baby yesterday.,主,謂,賓(受動者),The little baby,was looked after,by,him,yesterday .,一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：,was/were +過去分詞(p.p),They bought ten computers last term,Ten comput

11、ers,were bought,by them,The film company wanted to make a programme about cormorant fishing, so we came from the UK to China. Many cormorant fishermen (1)_. In the end, Damin (2)_ because he is the best fisherman in his village. Then the camera and lights (3)_ to Damins village. Damin (4)_ by the ca

12、meraman. A boat (5)_ to film on the river.,Mary watched a TV programme about Damin. It was made by a film company from the UK. This is how they filmed the programme. Completed the passage with the verbs from the box in the past passive form.,choose film interview take use,were interviewed,was chosen

13、,were taken,was filmed,was used,They built the tall building last year. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used this room for resting.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Ou

14、r classroom was cleaned by us just now.,This room was used for resting by them.,Exercise,We from the passive voice in the simple future tense like this.,I You/ We/ They He/ She/ It,We use _+past participle to form the passive voice in the simple future tense.,Work out the rule,will (not) be,seen,wil

15、l be,Things to remember,Note the position of the verbs in passive questions: Is a piece of grass tied around the neck of each bird? Was a light hung on the post at the front of the boat? Will the fish be sold in the market?,3.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,謂,賓(受動者),The room,will be cleaned,by,T

16、om,tomorrow.,一般將來時： will+be+過去分詞(p.p),They will finish the work in ten days.,The work,will be finished,by them,Thank you for your help, Damin. You did a wonderful job. Now the film (1)_ back to the UK. Well do some more work on it. Some music (2)_ to it. It (3)_ _ into a television programme. Then o

17、ur programme (4)_ in many countries around the world. It (5)_ by millions of people!,Mary watched a TV programme about Damin. It was made by a film company from the UK. This is how they filmed the programme. Completed the passage with the verbs from the box in the past passive form.,add make show ta

18、ke watch,will be taken,will be added,will be,made,will be shown,will be watched,1.We will hold a sports meeting next week. 2.Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. 3.The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.,A sports meeting will be held by us next week.,Some photos will be

19、 taken by children in the school tomorrow.,A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,Exercise,主變被步驟:,1.找賓語: 即動作的承受者(改為主語),He washed his car yesterday.,His car,3. 判斷新主語的單復(fù)數(shù):確定be動詞的單復(fù)數(shù).,be,4. 判斷動詞的時態(tài) : 即be動詞的時態(tài).,2. 修改謂語的語態(tài):即be+原V.過去分詞,washed,5. 修改原句的主語 :即by +主語(變賓格).,(by him),yesterday.,i

20、s was,was,A traffic accident _(happen) just now.,happened,1. 不及物動詞（vi.) 如:happen, take place, appear, dissapear, ,拓展：不用被動語態(tài)的動詞：,2. 連系動詞（Link.v.) 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become,Peking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.,sounds,1這些花聞起來很香。 2.那食物嘗起來很可口。,These flowers smell sweet.,

21、The food tastes delicious.,3.某些可用來表示主語內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能 的不及物動詞，如 sell, write, wash, clean, last(耐久), wear(耐穿), 等可用主動形式表 達被動意義. 如:,The pen _ (write) very fast.,writes,This kind of sweater _ (sell) well.,sells,This kind of food sells well. 這種食物暢銷。,This cloth washes well and lasts long. 這布料經(jīng)洗、耐穿。,The floor doesnt cle