1、倉(cāng)庫(kù)作業(yè)安全 Safety in Warehouse Operations,倉(cāng)庫(kù)作業(yè)安全 Safety in Warehouse Operations 內(nèi)容 Table of Content,1. 公司物流鏈對(duì)于倉(cāng)庫(kù)作業(yè)安全的戰(zhàn)略遠(yuǎn)景及到達(dá)遠(yuǎn)景狀態(tài)的步驟 CO-Supply Chain Strategic Vision on Safety in Warehouse Operations and Steps to “Vision” State 2. 關(guān)于倉(cāng)庫(kù)作業(yè)安全的建議 Recommendation on Safety in Warehouse Operations 2.1 關(guān)于倉(cāng)庫(kù)良好場(chǎng)地管

2、理的建議 Recommendations on good housekeeping 2.2關(guān)于減少滑倒,絆倒和墜落的建議 Recommendations to reduce slips/trips and falls 2.3 關(guān)于組織安全運(yùn)輸路線的建議 Recommendations on organizing safe traffic routes 2.4 關(guān)于地面安全存儲(chǔ)的建議 Recommendations on safe block stacking 2.5 關(guān)于貨架存儲(chǔ)的建議 Recommendations on rack storage 2.6 關(guān)于叉車電池安全的建議 Recomm

3、endations on battery safety for forklift 2.7 關(guān)于安全駕駛叉車的建議 Recommendations on operating a forklift truck safely 2.8 關(guān)于裝卸月臺(tái)安全管理的建議 Recommendations on safety at dock 3.對(duì)于安全的態(tài)度 Attitude on Safety 4.結(jié)束語(yǔ) Closing Notes,2,GCR Supply Chain,1公司物流鏈對(duì)于倉(cāng)庫(kù)作業(yè)安全的戰(zhàn)略遠(yuǎn)景及到達(dá)遠(yuǎn)景狀態(tài)的步驟CO-Supply Chain Strategic Vision and Step

4、s to “Vision” State,倉(cāng)庫(kù)作業(yè)安全 Safety in Warehouse Operations,3,GCR Supply Chain,倉(cāng)庫(kù)作業(yè)安全的站略遠(yuǎn)景及到達(dá)遠(yuǎn)景狀態(tài)的步驟SC Strategic Vision and Steps to “Vision” State,遠(yuǎn)景Vision: 安全的倉(cāng)庫(kù)/DC 實(shí)現(xiàn)由于倉(cāng)庫(kù)作業(yè)造成的“零”(損失時(shí)間)傷害 Safe Warehouses / Distribution Centres To achieve zero (Lost Time) Injuries due to warehouse activities (LTIFr =

5、 “0”) 到達(dá)遠(yuǎn)景的步驟 Steps to “Vision” state: 知曉 Awareness 我們?cè)O(shè)立安全目標(biāo)并向全體人員溝通. We set our safety objectives and communicate this to all personnel. 培訓(xùn) Training 適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)于安全的培訓(xùn)是實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)改進(jìn)的基本工具. Proper training on safety is a fundamental tool for our improvement goals. 定期評(píng)估Periodic Assessment 評(píng)估的目的是確認(rèn)存在的安全程序被貫徹被遵守, 并確保這

6、些程序符合當(dāng)前的需要和風(fēng)險(xiǎn). The aim of the assessment is to ensure that safety procedures are implemented and followed when they exist and to make sure that these procedures correspond to the current needs and risks.,4,GCR Supply Chain,2關(guān)于倉(cāng)庫(kù)業(yè)作安全的建議Recommendations on Safety in Warehouse Operations,倉(cāng)庫(kù)作業(yè)安全 Safety i

7、n Warehouse Operations,5,GCR Supply Chain,2.1關(guān)于倉(cāng)庫(kù)良好場(chǎng)地管理的建議Recommendations on Good Housekeeping,倉(cāng)庫(kù)操作安全Safety in Warehouse Operations,6,GCR Supply Chain,關(guān)于倉(cāng)庫(kù)良好場(chǎng)地管理的建議Recommendations on Good Housekeeping-1,良好的倉(cāng)庫(kù)場(chǎng)地管理有非常簡(jiǎn)單的原則: 保持整潔, 物在其位. Good warehouse housekeeping begins with a simple rule: Keep it nea

8、t and make sure everything is in its place. 在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的維修作業(yè)應(yīng)有清晰標(biāo)識(shí)并加以圍護(hù). Maintenance activities on the site should be clearly indicated and protected with barriers. 立即清理散落物. Clean up all spills immediately.,7,GCR Supply Chain,關(guān)于倉(cāng)庫(kù)良好場(chǎng)地管理的建議Recommendations on Good Housekeeping-2,不要將物件留在過(guò)道,地面或不安全地放于 某一地方. Do n

9、ot leave items in aisles, on the floor or perched insecurely on a surface. 不要阻擋火災(zāi)噴灑裝置, 緊急出口或滅火器. Do not block sprinklers, fire exits or fire extinguishers.,8,GCR Supply Chain,立即將物品放在其應(yīng)在的地方, 而不要將他們挪來(lái)挪去, 每一次挪動(dòng)都可能造成新的阻礙. Put items in their assigned places immediately, rather than moving them from one s

10、topping point to another 不要讓切割物或其他尖銳工具或物品任其突出. Do not leave cutters or other sharp tools or materials sticking out. 讓繩索和電線遠(yuǎn)離地面. Keep cords and wires off the floor. 上報(bào)地面松動(dòng)情況或其他易造成絆倒的危險(xiǎn)情況. Report loose flooring or other tripping hazards. 在適當(dāng)?shù)南潴w里立即處理所有垃圾. Dispose of all trash immediately in proper cont

11、ainers.,關(guān)于倉(cāng)庫(kù)良好場(chǎng)地管理的建議Recommendations on Good Housekeeping-3,9,GCR Supply Chain,2.2 關(guān)于減少滑倒,絆倒和墜落的建議Recommendations to reduce slips / trips and falls,倉(cāng)庫(kù)作業(yè)安全 Safety in Warehouse Operations,10,GCR Supply Chain,濕物質(zhì)的溢出物和干物質(zhì)的落地物 Spillage of wet and dry substances 立即清理溢出物, 如果溢出物是油性液體,確定使用合適的清潔劑. 清潔后, 有一段時(shí)間地

12、面還會(huì)濕, 可能的話, 弄干地面. 使用適當(dāng)?shù)母綦x物告訴人們地面還濕, 并安排繞行路線. Clean spills up immediately, if a liquid is greasy, make sure a suitable cleaning agent is used. After cleaning, the floor can be wet for some time; dry it where possible. Use appropriate barriers to tell people the floor is still wet and arrange alternat

13、ive bypass routes. 地毯/墊子 Rugs/mats 確保墊子安全地固定, 沒(méi)有卷邊. Ensure mats are securely fixed and do not have curling edges.,關(guān)于減少滑倒,絆倒和墜落的建議 Recommendations to reduce slips / trips and falls-1,11,GCR Supply Chain,拖曳的纜線 Trailing cables 為設(shè)備選擇安裝地址時(shí)應(yīng)避免纜線橫穿人行道; 使用纜線罩安全地將纜線 固定在地面或墻面; 為避免碰觸, 限制進(jìn)入. 考慮使用無(wú)線工具. 要記住 承包方員工

14、也需要管理. Position equipment to avoid cables crossing pedestrian routes, use cable covers to securely fix to surfaces, restrict access to prevent contact. Consider use of cordless tools. Remember that contractors need to be managed. 雜物,例如塑料袋 Miscellaneous rubbish, e.g. plastic bags 保持區(qū)域干凈, 及時(shí)處理垃圾,不允許堆積

15、. Keep areas clear, remove rubbish and do not allow it to build up.,關(guān)于減少滑倒,絆倒和墜落的建議 Recommendations to reduce slips / trips and falls-2,12,GCR Supply Chain,照明不好 Poor lighting 改善照明條件, 優(yōu)化照明設(shè)備的布置, 以確保通行區(qū)域/工作區(qū)域(過(guò)道,備貨區(qū))均衡的照明. Improve lighting levels and placement of light fittings to ensure more even lig

16、hting of all circulating/working areas (aisles, staging). 光滑的表面 Slippery surfaces 評(píng)估原因并相應(yīng)處理, 例如如果是潮濕造成問(wèn)題, 那就保持干燥. 在某些情況下, 你可能用化學(xué)方式處理這些表面并使用合適的清潔方法. 用貼于表面的粗糙的條帶增加摩擦力的方式也能幫助減少危險(xiǎn). Assess the cause and treat accordingly, for example always keep them dry if wet causes the problem. In certain situations y

17、ou may have to treat them chemically and use appropriate cleaning method etc. Using abrasive strips to increase traction can also help to reduce the danger. 人行道 Walkways 使用專門的小路和人行道. 如果人行道不能通行, 那就逆交通方向走, 盡量靠近路邊. Use designated sidewalks and walkways. If walkways are impassable, walk against traffic,

18、 close to curb as possible. 樓梯 Staircases 使用樓梯上的扶手. 臺(tái)階上無(wú)障礙物. Use handrails on stairs. Keep walkways free from any obstacles.,關(guān)于減少滑倒,絆倒和墜落的建議 Recommendations to reduce slips / trips and falls-3,13,GCR Supply Chain,高空作業(yè) Working on high areas 高空作業(yè)使用梯子. 避免蹦跳. 如果利用叉車, 那就使用放 在叉子上的專門的籠子. Use ladder when wo

19、rking at height. Avoid jumping. When樣using a forklift, use ad hoc cages on the forks. 斜坡 Slopes 改進(jìn)可視度, 提供扶手并使用地面標(biāo)識(shí). Improve visibility, provide hand rails and use floor markings. 煙霧/蒸汽阻擋視線 Smoke/steam obscuring view 通過(guò)將煙霧/蒸汽引導(dǎo)到遠(yuǎn)離風(fēng)險(xiǎn)區(qū)域的辦法, 消除或控制這方面危險(xiǎn); 改進(jìn)通風(fēng). Eliminate or control by redirecting it away

20、from risk areas; improve ventilation. 不適合的鞋 Unsuitable footwear 確保工人選用合適的鞋, 尤其鞋要有正確類型的鞋底. Ensure workers choose suitable footwear, particularly with the correct type of sole. 速度 Speed 在倉(cāng)庫(kù), 行走而不要跑動(dòng). 為避免叉車而調(diào)整行走速度, 尤其在拐彎處和十字路口. Walk and do not run in a warehouse. Adapted speed for the forklifts, in par

21、ticular in the curves and intersections.,關(guān)于減少滑倒,絆倒和墜落的建議 Recommendations to reduce slips / trips and falls-4,14,GCR Supply Chain,2.3關(guān)于組織安全運(yùn)輸路線的建議Recommendations on Organizing Safe Traffic Routes,倉(cāng)庫(kù)作業(yè)安全 Safety in Warehouse Operations,GCR Supply Chain,15,盡最大可能讓行人和車輛各行其道. Keep pedestrians and vehicles

22、apart as much as possible. 所有的交通路線應(yīng)有清晰標(biāo)識(shí); 使用安全標(biāo)識(shí), 考慮 單向交通系統(tǒng). All traffic routes should be clearly signed; using safety signs, and considers one-way traffic systems. 如使用物料搬運(yùn)設(shè)備(MHE), 設(shè)備運(yùn)行的通道應(yīng)該平坦無(wú)障礙. If using material handling equipments, equipment pathways should be flat and without obstruction. 在地面上清

23、楚地標(biāo)示貨物存儲(chǔ)區(qū)域及通道. Mark out storage areas and pathways clearly on the floor. 通道應(yīng)足夠?qū)? 以便物料搬運(yùn)設(shè)備安全地運(yùn)作. Pathways should be wide enough to allow the movement of material-handling equipment safely. 為行人的進(jìn)出提供帶有合適扶手的樓梯和/或斜坡. Provide staircases and / or ramps with suitable handrails for pedestrian access.,關(guān)于安全組織運(yùn)

24、輸路線的建議Recommendations on Organizing Safe Traffic Routes-1,16,GCR Supply Chain,如行人與車輛使用同一門道, 提供帶有透視玻璃或膠片的門道. 并標(biāo)注 安全凈空高度. If pedestrians share the same doorway with a truck or vehicle, provide a doorway with vision panels and clearly mark them with the safe clearance height. 車輛通道應(yīng)避免急彎和盲點(diǎn). 如果此要求在現(xiàn)實(shí)中不合理

25、, 那就利用警示標(biāo)牌和位置適當(dāng)?shù)溺R子來(lái)幫助. Avoid sharp bends and blind corners for vehicles. If this is not reasonably practicable, use suitable warning signs and well-positioned mirrors.,關(guān)于安全組織運(yùn)輸路線的建議Recommendations on Organizing Safe Traffic Routes-2,穹頂 360 鏡 Full Dome 360 Mirror,圓形凸鏡 Circular Convex Mirror,工業(yè)和倉(cāng)庫(kù)鏡 In

26、dustrial 并系緊安全帶. The forklift driver must wear Personal Protective Equipment ( PPE: high visibility vest and safety shoes) and fasten seat belt 叉車移動(dòng)時(shí),將叉子和貨物放低并向后傾斜. Keep forks and loads low and tilted back while moving. 如果叉車與人員相臨很近工作, 則強(qiáng)力推行低速規(guī)則及安全倒車規(guī)則. If trucks and people work alongside each other,

27、 enforce rules for low speed and safe reversing.,關(guān)于安全駕駛叉車的建議Recommendations on Operating a Forklift Truck Safely-2,36,GCR Supply Chain,叉車路線避免靠近容易被撞傷的區(qū)域或設(shè)備, 例如可燃液體儲(chǔ)存 區(qū); 如避免不了, 那就得保護(hù)這樣的區(qū)域. Avoid routes near vulnerable areas or equipment, for example, flammable liquid stores or protect these stores. 用實(shí)

28、物圍欄將人行通道和叉車通道分開. 并用清楚的警示標(biāo)識(shí). Separate pedestrian routes from ones used by forklift trucks using a physical barrier. Also use clear warning signs. 如設(shè)置實(shí)物圍欄不實(shí)際, 應(yīng)該確保使用其他措施, 例如聽覺(jué)警示 裝置, 或視覺(jué)警示裝置(鏡子) If putting up a physical barrier is not reasonably practicable, you should make sure there are other arrange

29、ments, such as using audible or visual warning devices like mirror.,關(guān)于安全駕駛叉車的建議Recommendations on Operating a Forklift Truck Safely-3,37,GCR Supply Chain,叉車舉起貨物時(shí)或空叉子舉起時(shí), 決不要站在其下或從其下行走. Never stand or walk under the raised part of a forklift, even if its empty. 叉車運(yùn)行區(qū)地面應(yīng)足夠堅(jiān)固, 良好維護(hù), 平整并無(wú)障礙物. Driving ar

30、eas should be strong enough, well maintained, as flat as possible and free from obstructions. 如叉車在公路上使用(例如裝卸), 有必要安排另一個(gè)人幫助協(xié)調(diào)控制交通. If the truck is used on the road (to load and unload, for example), provide a second person to help with controlling traffic, as necessary. 叉車停下來(lái)時(shí), 叉子正常水平放下, 使用剎車, 取走鑰匙.

31、Park a forklift with forks lowered and tilted flat, brake set, and key removed. 當(dāng)叉車不用時(shí), 妥善保管叉車鑰匙. Keep keys secure when the trucks are not being used.,關(guān)于安全駕駛叉車的建議Recommendations on Operating a Forklift Truck Safely-4,38,GCR Supply Chain,小心放置貨物以便貨物平穩(wěn)不會(huì)掉下或使叉車翻倒. Place forklift loads carefully so they

32、are stable and wont fall off or tip the truck over. 不要使用叉子,托盤或箱柜將人舉起在高空作業(yè). 必須正確使用專門設(shè)計(jì)的可移動(dòng)的工作平臺(tái)或安全圍籠. Do not use forks, pallets or bins to lift people to work at heights. You must use properly designed mobile work platforms or safety cages.,關(guān)于安全駕駛叉車的建議Recommendations on Operating a Forklift Truck Saf

33、ely-5,39,GCR Supply Chain,維修中叉車必須正當(dāng)?shù)胤胖弥甘緲?biāo)簽, 并停放在特定區(qū)域. Forklifts in maintenance must be tagged properly and kept in a specific area 確保叉車安裝有保護(hù)設(shè)施,例如,當(dāng)需要時(shí), 翻倒保護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)(ROPS), 墜落物保護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)(FOPS)和 控制性系統(tǒng)(座位安全帶). Make sure forklift trucks are fitted with protective devices, such as roll-over protective structures (RO

34、PS), falling object protective structures (FOPS) and restraining systems (seat belts), where necessary.,關(guān)于安全駕駛叉車的建議Recommendations on Operating a Forklift Truck Safely-6,40,GCR Supply Chain,2.8 關(guān)于裝卸月臺(tái)安全的建議Recommendations on safety at dock,倉(cāng)庫(kù)作業(yè)安全 Safety in Warehouse Operations,41,GCR Supply Chain,關(guān)于裝

35、卸月臺(tái)安全的建議Recommendations on safety at dock -1,當(dāng)裝卸卡車和拖車時(shí), 使用止輪塊(wheel chocks)或其他車輛移動(dòng)限制裝置.當(dāng)放置或取出止輪塊或其他車 輛移動(dòng)限制裝置時(shí), 卡車或拖車不可以移動(dòng). Use wheel chocks or other vehicle-restraining device when loading and unloading trucks and trailers. Ensure that the trucks and trailers are not movable while placing or removin

36、g the wheel chocks or other vehicle-restraining device.,42,GCR Supply Chain,關(guān)于裝卸月臺(tái)安全的建議Recommendations on safety at dock -2,確定用于裝卸的叉車備有聚光燈, 還要使用安裝于月臺(tái)的照明補(bǔ)充叉車燈光, 當(dāng)人工裝卸時(shí)亦如此. Make sure forklift trucks used to load/unload trailers are equipped with spotlights, also use dock mounted lights to supplement t

37、he forklift truck lights or when manually loading/unloading trailers. 確保所有設(shè)備都按照廠家的建議維修. 包括叉車, 月臺(tái)高度調(diào)節(jié)板, 車輛移動(dòng)限制裝置, 月臺(tái)的門和密封 以及自動(dòng)信號(hào)裝置. Ensure all equipment maintained in accordance with manufactures recommendations. This includes forklift trucks, dock levelers, vehicle restraining devices, dock doors an

38、d seals and automatic signalling devices. 當(dāng)使用叉車開進(jìn)拖車裝卸時(shí), 不允許有人在拖車?yán)? 在緊閉的空間里被叉車碰撞的可能非常大. Do not allow pedestrians in trailers while a forklift truck is loading / unloading. The likelihood of being crushed by a forklift is greater in tight spaces.,43,GCR Supply Chain,在叉車駛?cè)胪宪嚽? 觀察一下拖車的狀況. 對(duì)于舊拖車, 破損和車廂板腐

39、爛很普遍. Perform a visual inspection of the trailer prior to driving a forklift truck into it. Damaged and rotting floorboards are common in older trailers. 用叉車卸載小型送貨車時(shí),要格外小心. 確保車輛可以承受叉車和貨物的重量. 可行時(shí), 寧可用地牛(Hand pallet jack)卸這樣的車輛. Caution is advised when using forklift trucks to unload straight trucks (

40、small delivery trucks). Make sure the straight truck has the capacity to handle the weight of the forklift truck and loads. Hand pallet jacks rather than forklift trucks to unload straight trucks whenever feasible. 月臺(tái)和斜坡的邊緣安裝圍欄以保護(hù)人行道. Use physical barriers at open edges of docks and ramps and to pro

41、tect pedestrian walkways. 使用油漆噴涂或地面粘貼的方式, 來(lái)指定備貨區(qū), 行駛通道和裝卸路線. 確定員工識(shí)別這些標(biāo)識(shí). use paint or tape to designate staging areas, through aisles and loading lanes. Make sure employees recognize the designations.,關(guān)于裝卸月臺(tái)安全的建議Recommendations on safety at dock -3,44,GCR Supply Chain,保持月臺(tái)區(qū)清潔無(wú)雜物. 員工應(yīng)立即撿起出現(xiàn)的紙片.至少每天或每

42、個(gè)班次徹底清掃裝卸區(qū), 大塊垃 圾,例如碎拖盤片, 應(yīng)被立即撿起. Keep the dock areas clean and free of debris. Employees should immediately pick up every little scrap of paper that may appear. Loading areas should be completely swept at least once per day or once per shift, large pieces of debris such as broken pieces of pallets

43、should be picked up immediately.,關(guān)于裝卸月臺(tái)安全的建議Recommendations on safety at dock -4,45,GCR Supply Chain,指定區(qū)域存放用過(guò)的拖盤,集裝箱和垃圾. 用過(guò)的拖盤和集裝箱應(yīng) 有規(guī)定的碼垛限制. Designate areas for storage of used pallets, containers and trash. Also limit the stacked height of used pallets and containers. 規(guī)定備貨區(qū)的貨物碼垛高度, 如果有人在備貨區(qū)附近工作的話,

44、 就更 需要如此. 如果員工被要求檢查所備的貨物, 那么材料排和排之間應(yīng)留有足夠的空間. Limit the stacked height of materials in staging areas, especially if pedestrians will be working around the material. Also leave sufficient access aisles between rows of staged material if employees may be required to inspect or otherwise access the mate

45、rial.,關(guān)于裝卸月臺(tái)安全的建議Recommendations on safety at dock -5,46,GCR Supply Chain,當(dāng)有人員工作時(shí), 使用錐形交通路標(biāo)或方便的路障臨時(shí)隔開備貨通道. Use traffic cones or portable barricades to temporarily block off staging lanes where pedestrians are working. 當(dāng)搬運(yùn)可能阻擋視線的大物品時(shí), 要倍加小心. 通常叉車司機(jī)會(huì)倒著開叉車, 可是, 如果叉車開進(jìn)車廂里, 就無(wú)法做到倒著開. 在裝卸區(qū)工作的人員應(yīng)知道這種情況. Sp

46、ecial attention should be given when large loads are being handled that may obstruct the view of the forklift truck operators. While normally a forklift truck operator would be driving in reverse with these loads, this option is not available when loading trucks. Both forklift truck operators and pe

47、destrians working in the loading area must be aware of this.,關(guān)于裝卸月臺(tái)安全的建議Recommendations on safety at dock -6,47,GCR Supply Chain,如果員工被要求安放或取下安全封, 那就一定在遠(yuǎn)離月臺(tái)處一指定的安全地方做此事. 決不允許員工站在 拖車和月臺(tái)之間. If employees are required to install or remove security seals for truckloads and containers, this must be done in

48、 a designated safe area away from the dock. Never allow an employee to stand between a trailer and the dock. 如果員工需要下到月臺(tái)區(qū), 確保提供合適的梯子或臺(tái)階. If employees need to climb down into the dock area, ensure proper ladders or stairs are provided. 指示員工不要爬上月臺(tái),或?qū)⑸眢w的任何一部分伸出月臺(tái)門外. Instruct employees not to climb on do

49、cks or to place any part of their bodies outside of the dock door. 給在月臺(tái)區(qū)工作的員工做風(fēng)險(xiǎn)培訓(xùn). 這不只限于叉車操作工. Train all employees that work in dock areas on the hazards. This is not limited to forklift truck operators.,關(guān)于裝卸月臺(tái)安全的建議Recommendations on safety at dock -7,48,GCR Supply Chain,Attitude on Safety對(duì)于安全的態(tài)度,倉(cāng)庫(kù)作業(yè)安全 Safety in Warehouse Operations,49,GCR Supply Chain,Attitude on Safety對(duì)于安全的態(tài)度,所有不同的書面的安全程序能夠防止或減少在倉(cāng)庫(kù)的傷害和事故. 然而在安全的方程式里最重要的 是對(duì)于安全的態(tài)度. 無(wú)論防護(hù)設(shè)施多么良好, 安全規(guī)則多么嚴(yán)格, 如果一個(gè)組織不把安全放在優(yōu)先位置, 那么這個(gè)地方還不安全. All the different safety procedures that ha