1、定語從句,定語從句,概念:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞 的句子.,(Attributive clause),Mary is a beautiful girl.,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,形容詞作定語,句子作定語,修飾girl, 叫做定語從句,1.The man is a farmer.,2.The man is speaking at the meeting.,合并句子:,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer.,Mary is a girl.,Mary has long hair.,合并為一個

2、句子,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,先行詞,關(guān)系詞,定語從句,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)系副詞,which, who, whom, whose, that,Where, when Why,關(guān)系代詞如何引導(dǎo)定語從句 普通代詞與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別 I have a sister.She works in Shanghai. 代替 sister 普通代詞：只起代替的作用,I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai. 關(guān)系代詞： 1.代替先行詞; 2.它還在定語從句中擔(dān)任一

3、定的成分; 3. 同時連接先行詞與它引導(dǎo)的定語從句。 （把主句和從句連起來）,因為關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中代替主句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞之后，而且它的 人稱、數(shù)必須和先行詞一致。,注:定語從句的時態(tài)不受主句的限制。 The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother. (主句)The woman is my mother. (敘述客觀事實 用一般現(xiàn)在時) (從句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday. (句中yesterday表示過去時間)

4、,e.g The building which stands by the river is our school,關(guān)系詞判 斷 步 驟 : 首先，要看先行詞。 如果先行詞是指人,關(guān)系代詞 可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行詞指物,關(guān)系 代詞可用which或that;,然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。請看下表,who, whom, whose, that用法區(qū)別.,who 作定語從句的主語或賓語.,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.,The man is a worker.,The man is spea

5、king at the meeting.,分解,作主語,Whom 作定語從句的賓語,The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.,The woman is a teacher.,They wanted to visit the woman.,分解,作賓語,whose 作定語從句的定語.,I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.,分解,I know the girl.,The girls mother is a teacher.,作定語,that 可以作定語從句的主語和賓語.,注意: 關(guān)系代詞作動詞

6、賓語時可 省略.,The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.,定語從句中需注意事項 有些情況下只用關(guān)系詞that,而不宜用which 1.從句所修飾的詞又被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時 This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard. The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.,2.先行詞是 something, nothing, anythin

7、g等不定代詞時 Here is something( that) I will tell you.,3.先行詞既有人也有物時,只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see.,4.先行詞是one of,the one, 或用 little, much, few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last 作修飾時 Is it the one that you want ? I havent got much that I ca

8、n offer you. 5.當(dāng)主句已有疑問詞 who或which時，用that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?,只能使用which的情況。 1、非限制性定語從句中。 eg. Mary has a book, which is very precious. 2、在介詞之后。 eg. This is a house in which lives an old man. 3、當(dāng)主句中的主語被 that修飾時。 eg. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.,只用

9、who的情況 1).先行詞是anyone, someone, those時，關(guān)系詞使用who Is there anyone who wants to go there? 2).在there be 句型中，先行詞指人,關(guān)系詞用who There is an old man who wants to see you.,Exercise,1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.,who/that,which/that,whose,3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a fo

10、otball player.,2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.,4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.,5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.,which/that,whom,6. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.,which/that,關(guān)系副詞,關(guān)系副詞是用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣,在從句中代替先行詞,在句

11、中作狀語。,where:在從句中作地點狀語,指代地點. when: 在從句中作時間狀語,指代時間。 why: 在從句中作原因狀語,指代原因,Idontknowthereasonwhyhecamesolate.,IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstmetJenny.,Thisistheofficewhereheworked.,關(guān)系副詞when, where, why 和介詞+which之間的關(guān)系。關(guān)系副詞when, where, why可以用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~+which來替代。 如：when=in/on/at+which, where=in/on/at+which, why=f

12、or+which 介詞的位置非常靈活，有時放在關(guān)系代詞之前，有時放在動詞之后。,Learn to make a summary,定語 從句,1.兩個句 子,3. 先行作出兩決定,4. 兩類只用莫相忘,關(guān)系代詞,從句謂語動詞形式,1.只用that不用which （4）,2.只用which不用that （2）,主句,從句,2. 兩個詞,先行詞,關(guān)系代詞,. 用that, who, which或whom填空 Alice likes singers _ write their own music. 2. Generally, old people like music _ is quiet and g

13、entle. 3. The girl _ you met just now in the street is my friend. 4. This is the school in _ I studied two years ago. 5. The man with _ my father is talking over there is our head teacher.,that / who,that / which,that / who / whom,which,whom,II. 根據(jù)句意, 用正確的關(guān)系代詞填空。 He is the man _ is ready to help oth

14、ers. 2. The girl _ I spoke to just now is my friend. 3. The dress _ you bought in the city mall is made of silk. 4. Bill likes music _ he can sing along with.,that / who,that / who / whom,that / which,that / which,5. This is the village _ I used to live in. 6. Women always like buying many things _

15、they dont need at all. 7. Im studying a subject _ I am very interested in. 8. The girl with _ I went shopping yesterday is my cousin.,that / which,that / which,that / which,whom,單項選擇 1. I like music _ great lyrics. A. that have B. that has C. who have D. who has 2. They are talking about things and

16、persons _ they saw there a few days ago. A. who B. which C. that D. what,B,C,3. This is the highest building _ Ive ever seen. A. which B. that C. what D. where 4. I really didnt know anything _ happened to Jim yesterday. A. which B. whose C. when D. that,B,D,5. - Who is the man _ is standing over th

17、ere? - Oh, he is my math teacher. A. who B. whom C. that D. which 6. The building _ is over one hundred years old is very famous here. A. which B. what C. when D. where,C,A,【2011山東臨沂】24. Peter likes music _ is very loud and energetic. A. that B. who C. whom D. / 【解析】由句意“彼得喜歡聲音大而且有力量的音樂”可知后句為定語從句。tha

18、t 用來指人或物，who 用來指人，which 用來指物。先行詞為物，在句中作主語，且不可省略，用that。,中考鏈接,A,【2011株洲】Gina loves singers _ write their own music. A. which B. who C. has worked 【解析】本句意思為“吉娜喜歡自己寫音樂的歌手”，后面write their own music 做定語修飾singer，而which一般引導(dǎo)事物，who一般用于引導(dǎo)人，本題用于修飾singer是一個人，因此空格處的關(guān)系代詞為who。,B,【2012廣東】There will be a flower show i

19、n the park _ we visited last week. A. who B. when C. what D. which 【2012廣西玉林】 Now many people smoke and get ill. So we should do something _ can help stop smoking. A. what B. who C. / D. that,D,D,【2012 湖北黃石】I still remember the time _ we spent together at Xisai Mountain last year. A. when B. what C.

20、 who D. which 【2012廣東省梅州市】Mr. Smith _ is smoking is looking for _ he lost yesterday. A. whom; which B. who; what C. that; who D. which; where,D,B,【2013哈爾濱】- Do you know of Guo Mingyi? - Yes. He is an ordinary (普通的) worker _ helps many poor children in China. We should follow his example. A. that B. which C. whom 【2013湖北隨州】 Do you know the man _ is standing at the door? Yes, I do. Hes a