1、定語(yǔ)從句要點(diǎn)： 1、句子種類中的定語(yǔ)從句 2、定語(yǔ)從句的三要素 3、關(guān)系詞的選擇方法 4、 關(guān)系代詞的用法 5、關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用法 6、關(guān)系副詞的用法 7、限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 8、關(guān)系代詞as的用法 9、 as和which引導(dǎo)非限定，修飾整個(gè)主句的用法 10、關(guān)系代詞that的特殊用法,句子種類: 一、簡(jiǎn)單句 五種類型 1. 主 + 謂(vi) 2. 主 + 謂(vt) + 賓 3. 主 + 系 + 表 4. 主 + 謂(vt) + 間賓 + 直賓 5. 主 + 謂(vt) + 賓 + 賓補(bǔ) 二、并列句 = 簡(jiǎn)單句 + 并列連詞 + 簡(jiǎn)單句 and, but, for, so,

2、 while, or, as well as, rather than, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, besides, however, otherwise, therefore,三、復(fù)合句 = 主句 + 從句 （主從復(fù)合句） 主語(yǔ)從句 賓語(yǔ)從句 表語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句 定語(yǔ)從句 狀語(yǔ)從句（八種）,從句,名詞性從句,先行詞 +,關(guān)系詞 +,從句,被修飾詞,1.代替先行詞 2.作從句成分,1. 分類：a. 關(guān)系代詞 b. 關(guān)系副詞,2. 選擇：a. 先行詞指人、物？ b. 據(jù)從句句子成分？,關(guān)系詞的選擇： 前看看(指人、指物？指時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因？

3、) 后看看(從句成分：主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)？) 合起來(lái)再算算（確定引導(dǎo)詞）,I have lost the watch _ my father gave me. Do you remember the day _ Beijing was liberated.,that/ which/-,when/ on which,I. 關(guān)系代詞的基本用法： that: 人、物；主、賓 which: 物；主、賓 who: 人 ；主 whom: 人 ； 賓 whose: 人、物； 定,將兩句合并為一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句： 1. The book is very interesting. I borrowed it fr

4、om the library last week. The book (that / which) I borrowed from the library last week is very interesting. 2. The school is a big one. The school stands near the river. The school which / that stands near the river is a big one.,3. The house was built last year. Its windows face south. The house w

5、hose windows face south was built last year. 4. The students will not pass the exam. They dont study hard. The students who dont study hard will not pass the exam.,5. I will remember the day forever. I worked on the farm on the day. I will remember the day when I worked on the farm.,From M5 B3: (觀察引

6、導(dǎo)詞的選擇) 1. Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other. 2. But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers. 3. Confucius is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest. 4. Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were similar to those of Confucius.,5

7、. Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. 6. Mozi was another teacher who was very influential. 7. Born in 476 BC, he came from a family which was very poor.,8. As a result, he spent many years trying to find a state where people would follow his teach

8、ings. 9. Mozi taught that we should love all human beings and look after those who are weaker than ourselves.,II. 關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用法:,1.關(guān)系代詞作定語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以省略；,This is the book which/that she was looking for.,-,2.關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，介詞可提前；,This is the room which/that we lived in last year.,This is the room in whi

9、ch we lived last year.,where,3.介詞如果提前, 其后不能接that；,The person whom/that I spoke to just now is our teacher.,The person to whom I spoke just now is our teacher.,that,-,4.含有介詞的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般不拆開(kāi),介詞仍放在動(dòng)詞的后面.,The babies whom/that the nurses are looking after are very healthy.,III. 關(guān)系副詞的用法：,1. when 時(shí)間,2. where 地點(diǎn),

10、3. why 原因,狀語(yǔ),介詞 + which,1. I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.,2. Ill never forget the day when I joined the League.,when = on which,3. This is the house where he lived two years ago.,4. The factory where his father works is very large.,where = in which,5. He told me the reason wh

11、y he hadnt attended the meeting.,6. The reason why he came late was that he was seriously ill.,why = for which,That was the way _ she looked after us.,(that/in which/-),在從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),分析關(guān)系詞的使用： I still remember the day _ we spent together. I still remember the day _we stayed together.,that/which/ x,when,T

12、his is the museum _ I visited yesterday. This is the museum _ I once worked.,that/which/ x,where,I dont know the reason _ Mary was late for class. I dont know the reason _ Mary gave for being late for class.,why,that/which/ x,The way _ he told of is wonderful. The way _ he solved the problem is wond

13、erful.,that/which/ x,that/ in which/ x,He lives in the room. The rooms window faces south. (將兩句合并) He lives in the room whose window faces south. He lives in the room of which the window faces south. He lives in the room the window of which faces south.,IV. 限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：,1. 限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞關(guān)系密切，兩者之間不

14、用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)；,2.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和主句先行詞關(guān)系不十分密切，兩者之間通常用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)；此時(shí)，不能用that；,1. Yesterday I met Li Ping, who seemed to be very busy.,2. His brother,who is 18 years old, is a PLA man.,V.關(guān)系代詞as的用法：,1. 引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句: the sameas suchas as many/muchas,I have the same book as you bought yesterday. He lent me as many books as he ha

15、s.,2. as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾整個(gè)主句的用法: 從句可放在主句前或后，常用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)。 在主句后, 可用as或which; 在主句前, 只能用as.,He plays football well, as/which we know.,作從句賓語(yǔ)，譯成“這一點(diǎn)”,As we know, he plays football well.,作從句賓語(yǔ)，譯成“正如所”,VI. 關(guān)系代詞的特殊用法：,在下列情況下只能用that:,1.當(dāng)先行詞是all, something, anything, nothing, everything, little, much等不定代詞時(shí)；,T

16、hat is all that I can do for you. Is there anything else that I can do for you?,2.當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)；,This is the best film that I have ever seen.,3.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)；,This is the first time that I came here. He is the last person that I want to see.,4.當(dāng)先行詞被the only, the very, 等修飾時(shí)；,This is the very thing that