1、Face to Face with Hurricane Camille,Warnings had sounded:,- Radio and television had broadcast warnings about the hurricane. The National Weather Service of the United States broadcast warnings of potential hurricanes. August 17: Hurricane Camille devastated (destroy) the area for two days August l7

2、, l8.,lash - to strike with great force; to move violently or suddenly e.g. The waves lashed the rocks. The rain was lashing against the windows.,pummelpml : to beat suddenly; to attack vigorously; or to hit with repeated blows,It was certain.the Koshaks lived:,-The Koshaks will have to put up with

3、many onslaughts of the fierce storm.,Gulfport: seaport in Miss. Miss.: abbreviation for Mississippi,Fled inland to safer ground: - Ran away from the coast to the interior of the country where they would be safer.,safer ground: The hurricane loses force as it blows inland and people away from the coa

4、st are safe from tidal waves caused by the hurricane.,coastal communities: people living together in towns, cities, villages, along the coast,aged 3 to 11: The youngest child was three years old and the eldest 11 years old. The other five were older than 3 and younger than 11. ( How many people are

5、there in the big family?),endanger: pose a threat to; present a danger to A war endangers millions of lives. 戰(zhàn)爭危及無數(shù)人的生命。 His health is endangered by overwork. 他的健康因勞累過度而受到損害。,all of Magna Products. on the first floor: Magna Products: name of the company owned and run by John Koshak Jr. correspondenc

6、e: letters engineering drawings工程圖樣: diagrams and sketches for machines,Demolish/ destroy/raze/annihilate,annihilatenaileit v. kill in large numbers,Koshak had moved his family to a motel: motel: a hotel specially built for travelling motorists, made up of separate rooms or small houses, each with s

7、pace for a car a blend (合成詞), formed by combining parts of mo (torist) + (ho) tel (initial of one and end of the other),Blends motel (motor+hotel)汽車旅館 boatel (boat+hotel) 氣艇游船旅館 brunch (breakfast + lunch)早餐午餐并一頓吃 chunnel (channel + tunnel) 運(yùn)河地下道 slurb (slum + suburbs) 市郊貧民區(qū) talkthon ( talk + maratho

8、n) 冗長的演說 sitcom (situation + comedy ) 情景喜劇,comint ( communications + intelligence) 通訊情報(bào) sportscasters ( spots + broadcaster) 體育節(jié)目廣播員 masscult (mass + culture) 平民文化 magalog ( magazine + catalog) 雜志目錄,We re elevated 23 feet: -In British English one would probably say We re 23 feet above sea level.,We

9、re a good 250 yards from the sea: - Were at least 250 yards distant from the sea. a good: meaning at least”, full足足(程度數(shù)量) e. g. we waited a good six hours.,我們足足等了三個(gè)小時(shí). 從這到火車站足足有五個(gè)小時(shí)的車程. 他父母親狠狠地揍了他一頓.,We waited for a good three hours. It is a good five hours to drive to the railway station. His paren

10、ts gave him a good beating.,The place has been here. ever bothered it: (Personification) - The house has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.,we can batten down and ride it out: - Metaphor, comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea - We

11、can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.,batten: n. a strip of wood used in construction and often used in the old days in ship building 壓條;條板 battern down: v. to fasten canvas（帆） over the hatches of a ship, especially in preparing for a storm 用板條釘住;封艙 batte

12、n down the hatches ride it out: (of a ship) to stay afloat during a storm without too much damage; last safely through (bad weather) 意為抵擋?。耧L(fēng)等的）襲擊，不受多少損傷的堅(jiān)持到最后脫險(xiǎn),The men methodically prepared for hurricane: - Topic (the following are the facts to illustrate the topic) - The men in the house made all

13、 the necessary preparations to fight the hurricane and they went about their work in a systematic and orderly manner.,Since water mains. and pails: - They were afraid the water supply might be cut off so they filled the bathtubs and pails with water. main: a principal pipe, or line in a distributing

14、 system for water, gas, electricity, etc.,Supporting details,A power failure. for the lantern: power failure: a breakdown in the supply of electricity check out: to examine (the batteries and fuel) and see if they were all right,Johns father moved . to the refrigerator generator: generator: a dynamo

15、; a small machine for producing electricity wired several light bulbs: connected several light bulbs by wire to the generator; when the generator produced electricity, these bulbs would light up. prepared a connection: Preparations were also made to connect, when necessary, the refrigerator to the g

16、enerator.,gray clouds. on the rising wind: scud: run or move swiftly; glide or skim along easily 疾行，飛馳；掠過 scudded in: driven inland by the wind Gulf: the Gulf of Mexico rising wind: wind that was getting stronger and stronger - The speed of these clouds is an indication of the swiftness with which t

17、he storm is approaching.,A neighbor. with the Koshaks; whose husband was in Vietnam. - This was l969. The husband of this neighbor was in the American army fighting in Vietnam. sit out the storm: to stay until the end of the storm,Vietnam War - a prolonged war (1954-1975) between the communist armie

18、s of North Vietnam who were supported by the Chinese and the armies of South Vietnam who were supported by the United States,Another neighbor. of his dog?: - The dash in this sentence indicates that some words have been left out and the structural pattern has been changed from a statement to an indi

19、rect question. The sentence might read as follows: Another neighbor came by on his way inland and asked if the Koshaks would mind taking care of his dog.,破折號后的部分既非直接引述鄰人的原話，有沒按間接引述的要求轉(zhuǎn)述鄰人的問話，而保留直接問話的形式，其意在于既節(jié)省文字，又從中顯出鄰人那種形色匆匆，慌不擇言的狼狽相，讓人感到一種緊張迫切的氣氛，也烘托出即將來臨的颶風(fēng)的兇猛可怕。 come by: American English, to pay

20、 a visit,“Wind and rain whipped the house.” - Strong wind and rain was lashing or striking the house as if with a whip. Here “whip” is used metaphorically. Wind and rain act like a person. (Personification),stay away: keep far away from; not to go near concerned about: anxious, uneasy, worried about

21、 glass flying from storm-shattered panes small pieces of glass flying around in the air when the panes of a window are shattered by the storm. shatter: break suddenly in pieces; severely damage or utterly destroy 砸碎；徹底破壞,Stay away. storm-shattered panes,The wind mounted to a roar: The sound of the w

22、ind gets louder as the force of the wind increases. The roaring sound indicates the wind has reached hurricane strength (over 75 mph). mount - go up or advance seemingly - apparently; as if,With mops. spreading water: - The house was leaking very badly. The Koshaks had to use all the utensils they c

23、ould lay their hands on (mops, towels, pots, buckets) to fight against the leaking water. This is the first onslaught of the Hurricane.,At 8:30. the generator: power failed: the supply of electricity was cut off Pop: (slang) father; also a familiar term of address to any elderly man turned on the ge

24、nerator: started their generator to produce their own electric power,French doors: two adjoining doors that have glass paned from top to bottom and they open in the middle blew in: burst open by the storm, the two adjoining doors (of the French doors) flew inwards gun-like reports: loud explosive no

25、ises like guns being fired ( Simile),The French doors. windows disintegrated.,disintegrate: - collapse, crumble, fall apart; break into many small pieces and be destroyed 崩潰；瓦解 windows disintegrate: windows broke up; windows broke into pieces e.g. Since the Soviet Union disintegrated, the Cold War c

26、ame to an end.,Para.9,blast 1. (an explosion) burst, explosion爆炸 2. a strong rush of wind, air or rain 一陣；一股 a blast of wind fling: throw sth, oneself with a lot of force 拋扔 eg. Tom seized the glass on the table and flung it at me. The youth got him by the front of his shirt and flung him to the gro

27、und.,shove - push with a quick, rather violent movement E.g. He dragged her out to the door and shoved her into the street. The car wont start. Can you give it a shove?,The generator was doused, and the lights went out - Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity s

28、o the lights also went out.,dousedaus (dowse): 1) infml. to put out; turn off the light 熄滅 2) (in, with) immerse, soak, submerge, drench; to put into water or through water over浸泡 E.g. He doused the clothes in soapy water.,That water tasted salty: - When Charlie licked some drops of water on his lip

29、s, he found they tasted salty like seawater. From this he concluded they were in real trouble. Why? -Because it seemed that the sea water had reached them although they were 23 feet above sea level and 250 yards from the sea.,water was rising by the minute: - Water was rising every minute. Or: Water

30、 was rising minute by minute.,Para. 10,“Everybody out the back door to the cars.” What does the elliptical sentence show? - showing the tension and urgency of the moment. The full sentence might read: Everybody go out through the back door and run to the cars.”,Count them! Nine!: - elliptical - Coun

31、t them! There are nine children!,Para.11,In the sentence “The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade”, _ (figure of speech) is used. Here, _ is compared to _ in a fire brigade when fighting a fire.,Simile,the passing of children,the passing of buckets,the electrical systems

32、 had been killed by water - The electrical systems in the car (for example the battery for the starter) had been put out by water (just as the generator in the house was doused). kill: to cause (an engine, etc. ) to stop (American English),the water was too deep to flee on foot: - The deep water mad

33、e it impossible for them to try to escape by walking or running.,Para.12,scramble: to climb or crawl quickly, esp. with difficulty Everybody on the stairs: elliptical Everybody go and sit on the stairs. settle on/over: to come to rest on sth.; to stay for some time on sth.,landing: level area at the

34、 top of a flight of stairs peer: to look closely or carefully litter: all the young born to an animal at one time,protected by two interior walls: - The stairs were protected by two walls inside the house, walls not directly exposed to the wind and rain.,The wind sounded. yards away: - Simile, compa

35、ring the sound of the wind to the roar of a passing train,Para.13,The house shuddered and shifted on its foundations. The house shook and was loosened from its foundations. Water inched its way up the steps Water rose on the steps of the staircase inch by inch.,more or less taken responsibility. two

36、 children: - Charlie had to some extent taken upon himself the task of looking after the neighbor and her two children.,Paras.14-15,to take responsibility for: to consider oneself answerable for 負(fù)起對某事的責(zé)任 The usual pattern for the phrase is: to take the responsibility for (of doing) something,More or

37、 less: 1) rather; to some extent 或多或少 e. g. We hope our explanations will prove more or less helpful. 2) almost; approximately差不多，幾乎，接近 E.g. Ive more or less finished reading the book. It took more or less a whole day to paint the ceiling.,on the verge of: very near to (the stated (change of ) condi

38、tion or action 接近于，瀕臨 E.g. The company is on the verge of insolvency(不能償負(fù)的狀況）. The old man had been driven to the verge of despair.,with outward calm: - to appear calm (but to be worried or anxious in ones mind ),be bound to do sth.: 1) be certain to do sth. 必定做 2) be obliged by law or duty to do st

39、h.有義務(wù)做 Youve done so much work that youre bound to pass the exam. I feel bound to tell you that youre drinking too much.,be bound for: going or ready to go in the direction of去往 e.g. Where are you bound (for)? - We are bound for home.,Para.16,In the sentence “his voice lacked its usual gruffness.”,

40、the lack of gruffness shows the old mans _. In this critical situation the old couple tenderly express their _. gruff: (of a person, his voice or behavior) rough, harsh, hoarse,sincerity and solemn feeling,mutual love,Para.17,Question: Why did John feel a crushing guilt when he watched the water lap

41、 at the steps? - As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.,crushing: overwhelming, devastating / defeating 壓倒的；決定性的；打垮人的 The final lecture was interrupted by the crus

42、hing news of president Kennedys death. It was a crushing result for the Labor Party. lap: (against) to move or hit with little waves and soft sounds 輕拍,ferocity- the quality of being violent 兇惡，殘忍，兇猛 Violence broke out in greater ferocity. He had never heard such ferocity in a mans voice. ferocity o

43、f Camille: the destructive force and power of the hurricane,Get us through this mess, will You?: - The capital Y in “You” shows that the words were addressed to God. will you is a rough form of request. Here it indicates a request made out of desperation. A more formal way of the words might be: “Oh

44、 God, please help us to get through this storm safely.” mess: a state of trouble or difficulty Here it refers to the hurricane.,Para.18,Question: In the first sentence, _ (figure of speech) is used. Here the hurricane acting as a _ lifting something heavy and throwing it through the air.,personifica

45、tion,very strong person,In one mighty swipe: in a big, hard, sweeping blow swipe: ( colloq.) hard, sweeping blow 猛擊，重?fù)?skim: move or pass swiftly and lightly over the surface of to throw so as to cause to bounce swiftly,maroonmru:n - v. (usu. p.p.) to leave abandoned，isolated or helpless 使處于孤立無援的處境

46、strand If one is marooned, he is left in a place, which is difficult or impossible to escape from. e.g. Five fishermen were marooned on a rock in a gale (strong wind or storm). After years of being marooned on the island, Robinson made himself a brave survivor.,What are these two paras. mainly about

47、? What kinds of rhetorical devices are employed in them? Whats the function of these two paras.?,Para.19-20,Para.-19-20 interposition,giving additional information about the devastating force of the hurricane, implying if anyone could survive, it must be a miracle.,creating suspense,grade - classify

48、 by grades Apples are graded according to size and quality. Classified the hurricane according to its destructive force and power m.p. h - mile per hour r.p.m. revolutions（旋轉(zhuǎn)）per minute （飛輪功率） g.p.m. - gallons per minute（耗油） f.p.s. feet per seconds,swath - the space created by the swing of a scythe

49、or the cut of a mowing machine ; a path or strip (as cut by one course of mowing)收割的寬度;長列;海浪寬度 Seize : Personification crack like guns: Simile snap - break suddenly with a sharp cracking noise. Eg. She gripped the pipe with both hands, trying to snap it in half. Every minute or so I could hear a sna

50、p, a crack and a crash as another tree went down.,譯文,(para 19) 在颶風(fēng)中心縱橫約70英里的范圍內(nèi),其風(fēng)速接近每小時(shí)200英里.掀起的浪頭高達(dá)30英尺。海灣沿岸風(fēng)過之處,所有東西被一掃而光. 19467戶人家和709家小商號不是完全被毀,便是遭到嚴(yán)重破壞.高爾夫港一個(gè)60萬加侖的油罐被狂風(fēng)刮起, 摔到3.5英里以外。 三艘大型貨輪被刮離泊位，推上岸灘。電線桿和20英寸粗的松樹一遇狂風(fēng)襲擊便像連珠炮似的根根斷裂。,spectacular- very impressive, dramatic, breathtaking, striking

51、 and unusual 壯觀的；引人注意的；驚人的 Transferred epithet ( storm) The man gave a spectacular display of horse riding. He made a spectacular jump from the burning building.,vantage point(s): point of vantage; a position that allows a clear and broad view 優(yōu)越的位置 vantage - place or situation affording some advant

52、age (especially a comprehensive view or commanding perspective) Eg. The TV tower will provide a vantage point from which we can have a birds eye view of the city. They fired upon the enemy from behind trees, walls and any other point of vantage they could find.,Para.21,huddle: to crowd together; to

53、gather in a close-packed group slash: 1) cut with long sweeping forceful strokes as with knife or sword 猛砍，亂砍 2) attack fiercely in words嚴(yán)厲批評 a slashing attack on the government 3) cut or reduce sth. dramatically 減少 Prices were slashed . 4) (esp. of rain) to come hard down and across The rain slashe

54、d against the window.,implore: to ask or beg earnestly To implore ones forgiveness, mercy, etc. They implored her to stay bar: a measure in music 樂譜中的(一個(gè))小節(jié) trail away/off: (of sbs speech) gradually become quieter and then stop, esp. because of shyness, confusion, etc.; grow gradually weaker, dimmer

55、,With the two walls in their bedroom sanctuary beginning to disintegrate, - Because the two walls of their bedroom where they were seeking shelter were breaking up, John ordered everyone to go into the TV room. sanctuary: a place of refuge or protection; asylum 避難所，庇護(hù)所 bedroom sanctuary: the bedroom

56、 that was a place of refuge and protection,with: as the result of; because of e.g. With the staff greatly reduced, they had to stop work. With the flood water rising rapidly, the residents on the banks of the river were evacuated（撤離）. He was faint with hunger.,Para.23,Why did John put his arm around

57、 his wife at this critical moment? To encourage and comfort her. Dear Lord, give me the strength to endure what I have to. - Janis prayed to God to give her courage to face what she had to face.,why no quotation marks? the writer wants to make his account smooth. He purposely omits quotation marks.

58、The action is quickened and smooth.,Para.24,frustrate - cause sb. to have feelings of annoys and disappointment阻礙，喪氣，使無效 If sth. frustrates you, it makes you feel upset and angry because you are unable to deal with the difficulties and problems it gives you. frustration n.,Giving a child problems he cant solve will only frustrate him. He was frustrated by his poverty. There must be nothing more frustrating than having a job you dont like. Without public support our efforts will end in frustration.,Para.25,a lean-to: 1) a building joined to one side of a larger buildi