1、十、特殊句式,1.(2009山東,27) So sudden that the enemy had no time to escape. A.did the attackB.the attack did C.was the attackD.the attack was 解析 在so+ adj.+that.句型中，當(dāng)so+ adj. 置于句首時(shí)，其所在句子的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用倒裝形 式，故選C項(xiàng)。,C,2. (2009寧夏，31) The computer was used in teaching.As a result,not only ,but students became more interes

2、ted in the lessons. A.saved was teachers energy B.was teachers energy saved C.teachers energy was saved D.was saved teachers energy 解析 句意為：電腦在教學(xué)中應(yīng)用，結(jié)果不僅節(jié)省 了老師的精力，也使學(xué)生對(duì)課堂更感興趣。在not only.but also.連接的句子中，如果not only 放在句首則本句用部分倒裝，但but also連接的句 子則不用，故選B。,B,3.(2009陜西，16) He must be helping the old man to wa

3、ter the flowers, ? A.is heB.isnt he C.must heD.mustnt he 解析 must表推測(cè)時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句的助動(dòng)詞與must 后面的動(dòng)詞相呼應(yīng)，但有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn) 句的助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)確定。,B,4.(2009陜西，18) Little about her own safety,though she was in great danger herself. A.did Rose careB.Rose did care C.Rose does careD.does Rose care 解析 否定詞little置于句首，句子要用部分倒 裝，故排

4、除B、C兩項(xiàng)；根據(jù)前后時(shí)態(tài)一致原則， 排除D項(xiàng)。,A,5. (2009江蘇,32) Distinguished guests and friends,welcome to our school. the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumina(校友） from home and abroad. A.AttendB.To attend C.AttendingD.Having attended 解析 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此句是一個(gè)倒裝句，把它 還原成正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是：Our alumina from home and a

5、broad are the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning.所以此題應(yīng)該 選C項(xiàng)attending作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一部分。,C,6.(2009上海,30) Sallys never seen a play in the Shanghai Grand Theatre, ? A.hasnt sheB.has she C.isnt sheD.is she 解析 句中出現(xiàn)了否定副詞never,因此這是一個(gè)否 定句，故在變反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)要用肯定形式，故可 排除A、C；又因?yàn)镾allys是Sally has的縮寫(xiě)，即 是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，故選has she

6、。,B,7. (2009上海,38) Hearing the dog barking fiercely,away . A.fleeing the thief B.was fleeing the thief C.the thief was fleeing D.fled the thief 解析 away置于句首時(shí)，句子應(yīng)用全部倒裝語(yǔ)序。 A項(xiàng)不是完整的句子；B項(xiàng)倒裝語(yǔ)序不正確；C項(xiàng)是 正常語(yǔ)序，此三項(xiàng)可排除。,D,8. (2009江西,27) It was he came back from Africa that year he met the girl he would like to ma

7、rry. A.when;thenB.not;until C.not until;thatD.only;when 解析 從題干以及選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)可以判斷出此題是 強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是not.until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從 句，再根據(jù)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特點(diǎn)可以斷定此題應(yīng)該選C。,C,9. (2009江西,35) Some of you may have finished Unit One. ,you can go on to Unit Two. A.If you may B.If you do C.If notD.If so 解析 句意為：你們當(dāng)中可能有些人已經(jīng)結(jié)束了第 一單元，如果這樣的話(huà)你們可以開(kāi)始第二單元。 so

8、代替前句意思的肯定情況，而not代替前面意思 的否定情況。,D,10. (2009四川,2) He told us whether a picnic was still under discussion. A.to haveB.having C.haveD.had 解析 whether可與不定式搭配，意為“是否去做 某事”。句意為：他告訴我們是否去野餐還在討 論中。,A,11. (2009四川,16) Not until I came home last night to bed. A.Mum did goB.did Mum go C.went MumD.Mum went 解析 not unt

9、il引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句置于句首 時(shí)，主句用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。,B,12. (2009遼寧,34) Its the first time that he has been to Australia, ? A.isnt heB.hasnt he C.isnt itD.hasnt it 解析 句意為：這是他第一次去澳大利亞，是 嗎？該句主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分別是it和is，所以反 意疑問(wèn)部分用isnt it。,C,13. (2009福建,25) For a moment nothing happened.Then all shouting together. A.voices had come B.came

10、voices C.voices would come D.did voices come 解析 當(dāng)某些副詞如then,now,here,there,up等 置于句首時(shí)，句子要用完全倒裝形式。,B,14. (2009浙江,4) Ive read another book this week. Well,maybe is not how much you read but what you read that counts. A.thisB.that C.thereD.it 解析 分析答語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處構(gòu)成It is.that.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是not how much you read b

11、ut what you read。,D,15. (2009重慶,33) Unsatisfied with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience. A.though was heB.though he was C.he was thoughD.was he though 解析 句意為：盡管他對(duì)報(bào)酬不滿(mǎn)意，但為了得 到一些工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)他還是接受了那份工作。Though 引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)，可用倒裝也可不用，而本句中表語(yǔ) 形容詞提到了句首，為倒裝形式，語(yǔ)序?yàn)椋?adj./adv./n./動(dòng)詞原形+though+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)， 故

12、選B。,B,倒裝 1.以there,here,now,then,such引導(dǎo)的,引起人們注意的招呼句,要全部倒裝。 There goes the bell.鈴響了。 Here comes the bus.車(chē)來(lái)了。 Now comes your turn.輪到你了。 2.表動(dòng)態(tài)的狀語(yǔ)，置于句首時(shí)，句子要全部倒裝。 Off went the horse.馬跑了。 In came the teacher.老師進(jìn)來(lái)了。,3.表地點(diǎn)的詞語(yǔ)置于句首或強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)概念時(shí)全部倒裝。 On the table were some flowers.桌子上有一些花。 Between the two buildings

13、stands a tall tree. 在兩幢樓之間有一棵大樹(shù)。 注意：當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)有人稱(chēng)代詞擔(dān)當(dāng)時(shí)，句子不倒裝，如：Here it is./Away they went. 4.否定詞 never,seldom,hardly,scarcely,barely,rarely, little,not,nowhere,by no means,at no time,neither, nor等放在句首時(shí)，句子常用部分倒裝。,By no means shall we give up. 無(wú)論如何我們都不會(huì)放棄。 Neither will theory do without practice,nor will

14、practice do without theory. 理論離不開(kāi)實(shí)踐，實(shí)踐也離不開(kāi)理論。 5.在not only.but also.,no sooner.than.,hardly.when.,scarcely.when.,not until.,so.that.,such.that. 句型中，主句用部分倒裝，從句不倒裝，但要注意：neither.nor.連接句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)前后兩個(gè)分句都倒裝。,Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news When he began to cry. 他一聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息就哭了。 Such great progress did he mak

15、e that he was praised. 他取得了如此大的進(jìn)步以致于受到了表?yè)P(yáng)。 6.only放在句首修飾狀語(yǔ)時(shí)要部分倒裝。 Only in this way can you work out the problem. 只有用這種方法你才能解決問(wèn)題。,7.so,neither,nor放在句首時(shí)，表示主語(yǔ)與前面的主語(yǔ)狀態(tài)相同時(shí)，用部分倒裝。 8.表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形+as/though+主語(yǔ)+其他時(shí)，句子要倒裝。 Hero as he is,he still has shortcomings. 盡管他是一個(gè)英雄，但是他也有缺點(diǎn)。 Much as I like it,Ill not buy i

16、t. 盡管我很喜歡它，但我不會(huì)買(mǎi)。 Pretty as she is,she is not proud. 盡管她很漂亮，但她一點(diǎn)也不自負(fù)。 Try as he would,he might fail again. 盡管他還會(huì)試，但可能還會(huì)失敗。,9.however放在句首時(shí)，形容詞或副詞跟在however后用倒裝句式。 However difficult it is,Ill work it out on time. 不管它有多難，我都會(huì)按時(shí)完成。 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 1.被強(qiáng)調(diào)的代詞格應(yīng)與原句一致；被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分如果是原句的主語(yǔ)，who (that)后的謂語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上應(yīng)與原句的主語(yǔ)一致。 It is Z

17、hang Yimou that (who) stars the film Curse of the Golden Flower . 是張藝謀導(dǎo)演的滿(mǎn)城盡帶黃金甲這部影片。,2.如果原句是一般疑問(wèn)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)用“Be+it.that (who).?”形式；如果原句是特殊疑問(wèn)句，則用“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be+it.that (who).?”形式。 When was it that the Iraq War broke out? 伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是何時(shí)爆發(fā)的？ 3.如果原句中含有“not.until”,在強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，將主句中的否定詞not連同狀語(yǔ)一起提前。 It was not until she took

18、 off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. 直到她摘下墨鏡，我才認(rèn)出她是一位著名的電影明星。,4.被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分句子可能較長(zhǎng)或有一個(gè)以上的強(qiáng)調(diào)成分，對(duì)此就應(yīng)注意識(shí)別、應(yīng)用。 It was she who was lying in the corridor and the stranger who bent over her. 是她躺在過(guò)道上，是那個(gè)陌生人俯視她。（此句有兩個(gè)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分：一個(gè)是she,一個(gè)是the stranger） 祈使句 1.一般不出現(xiàn)主語(yǔ)you;為了加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣或特別指明向誰(shuí)提出命令或要求時(shí)，需

19、加主語(yǔ)“you”,有時(shí)還可同時(shí)加呼語(yǔ)。如：Tom,you water the flowers!,2.特別注意“祈使句+and/then/or+陳述句”這一句型。 感嘆句 1.What+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！ 2.What+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！ 3.How+形容詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！ 4.How+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)?。ㄓ袝r(shí)how直接修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：How+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)?。?反意疑問(wèn)句 反意疑問(wèn)句的一般應(yīng)用規(guī)則是：前肯定后否定；前否定后肯定。但以下幾種特殊情況應(yīng)特別注意： 1.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是“I dont think （suppose,bel

20、ieve）+that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)需和從句中的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上一致，并用肯定形式。 I dont think he can finish the work,can he? 我認(rèn)為他不能完成工作，他能嗎？,2.當(dāng)陳述部分有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must時(shí)： （1）must表示“有必要”時(shí)，附加疑問(wèn)部分則用neednt。 You must go home right now,neednt you? 你必須立刻回家，難道不是嗎？ （2）當(dāng)must用來(lái)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的情況進(jìn)行“推測(cè)”時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的謂語(yǔ)要根據(jù)must之后的動(dòng)詞采用相應(yīng)的形式。 You must be tired,arent you?

21、 你一定累了，是嗎？,（3）must可表示對(duì)過(guò)去的情況進(jìn)行推測(cè)（must+have+過(guò)去分詞），若強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)（一般有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)），疑問(wèn)部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“過(guò)去式的助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”；若強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成（一般沒(méi)有過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)），疑問(wèn)部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“havent （hasnt）+主語(yǔ)”。 He must have met her yesterday,didnt he? 他昨天一定見(jiàn)過(guò)她，不是嗎？ You must have seen the film,havent you? 你一定看過(guò)這部電影，不是嗎？,3.當(dāng)陳述部分有seldom,hardly,few,little,no,never

22、,nothing,nobody,nowhere等否定詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分要用肯定形式。當(dāng)陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是帶有否定詞綴（前綴或后綴）的動(dòng)詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分仍用否定結(jié)構(gòu)。 She hardly knows French,does she? 她一點(diǎn)也不懂法語(yǔ)，是嗎？ He is unfit for his office,isnt he? 他不適合這份工作，是嗎？,4.當(dāng)陳述部分為祈使句時(shí)，應(yīng)注意： （1）如果祈使句為肯定式，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定式或否定式均可。如果為否定式，疑問(wèn)部分只能用肯定式。 Pass me the book,will you/wont you? 遞給我那本書(shū)，好嗎？ Dont speak al

23、oud any more,will you? 不要再大聲說(shuō)話(huà)了，好嗎？,（2）祈使句若是以let開(kāi)頭的句子，表示“建議”（包括說(shuō)話(huà)人和聽(tīng)話(huà)人雙方）時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用shall we;表示“請(qǐng)示”（不包括聽(tīng)話(huà)人）時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用will you。 Lets go home now,shall we?我們回家吧？ Let us help you,will you?讓我們來(lái)幫助你吧？ 省略 1.在when,unless,while,if,though,as long as,whenever,wherever,as soon as等詞引導(dǎo)的狀,語(yǔ)從句中，若從句主語(yǔ)和主句一致，且從句中包含be或從句中是“it

24、 is+adj.”時(shí)，用連詞直接跟分詞或adj.等這一結(jié)構(gòu)。在than或as.as引導(dǎo)的從句中，常會(huì)有一些成分在上、下文清楚的情況下被省略。 He has made greater progress than (he did) before/ever. 他比以前取得了很大進(jìn)步。 2.虛擬語(yǔ)氣中條件從句的連接詞if的省略。如果非真實(shí)條件從句中有had/should/were,那么可以把had/should/were提到句首，而省掉連詞if。,Had he arrived there,he would have telephoned me. 如果他到那里了，他一定會(huì)給我打電話(huà)的。 替代 1.名詞性

25、替代詞主要是one/ones，分別代替可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。 2.動(dòng)詞性替代 （1）用do的各種形式來(lái)替代實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，若及物，須跟賓語(yǔ)。 She plays the piano better than Mary does (plays) the guitar. 她鋼琴?gòu)椀谋痊旣惖募麖椀煤谩?（2）用do so的各種形式來(lái)替代動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)，或動(dòng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)。 He smokes a lot.Does his brother do so?(do so=smoke a lot) 他抽煙很兇。他兄弟也這樣嗎？ 3.分句性替代 so和not與 believe,think,expect,imagine, suppose

26、, hope,hear,be afraid,fear,call,tell等詞連用代替句子。 Will it rain today?今天會(huì)下雨嗎？ I hope not/so.(I hope it wont rain.)我希望不會(huì)。,4.動(dòng)詞不定式to的替代 動(dòng)詞不定式to替代承前的內(nèi)容，可用于下列詞的相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)中： （1）形容詞：afraid,glad,happy,be willing to,be able to,etc. （2）動(dòng)詞： like,love,expect,manage,try,hope,pretend, wish,refuse,agree,want,afford,fail,for

27、get,remember,used to,have to,etc.,（3）帶補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞： tell,ask,order,allow,permit,expect,wish,force, warn,forbid,persuade,etc. He doesnt visit me as much as he used to. 他不像以前那樣經(jīng)常來(lái)看我了。 注意：若承前省略的不定式內(nèi)容是be或作助動(dòng)詞用的have時(shí)，to后要保留be或have。 Are you a college student?你是大學(xué)生嗎？ No,but I want to be.不是，但我想自己是。,插入語(yǔ) 插入語(yǔ)可能是一個(gè)詞、一

28、個(gè)短語(yǔ)或一個(gè)句子。插入語(yǔ)的主要形式有： 1.常用作插入語(yǔ)的副詞有：indeed(的確），certainly（當(dāng)然），surely（無(wú)疑地）,however（然而）等。 2.形容詞及詞組作插入語(yǔ)。 Strange to say,she hasnt got my letter up to now. 說(shuō)也奇怪，她到現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有接到我的信。,3.常用作插入語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)有：in short（簡(jiǎn)言之），of course（當(dāng)然），in general（一般說(shuō)來(lái)），in fact（事實(shí)上），in other words（換句話(huà)說(shuō)），in a word（總之），in a few words（簡(jiǎn)言之）等。 4.常

29、用作插入語(yǔ)的分詞短語(yǔ)有：strictly speaking（嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)）,generally speaking（一般地說(shuō)），judging from.（根據(jù)判斷）等。 5.常用作插入語(yǔ)的不定式短語(yǔ)有：so to speak（可說(shuō)是），to be sure（無(wú)疑地），to sum up（概括地說(shuō)），to tell the truth（老實(shí)說(shuō)）等。,6.句子作插入語(yǔ)的有：I am sure（可以肯定地說(shuō)），I believe（我相信），I think（我想），I suppose（我猜想），that is（或i.e.）（也就是說(shuō)），as we know it（就我們所知），as I see it（照我

30、看來(lái)）等。 7.以一般疑問(wèn)句形式構(gòu)成的插入句用于特殊疑問(wèn)句中。 How do you think heat is different from temperature? 你認(rèn)為熱和溫度有什么不同？ What would you suggest we should do today? 今天我們做什么，你有什么建議？ 從上面兩句可看出，插入句都以一般疑問(wèn)句的形式出現(xiàn)，插在疑問(wèn)詞之后，而特殊疑問(wèn)句本身的主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)仍用陳述句的語(yǔ)序，沒(méi)有倒裝現(xiàn)象。,not until的誤用 (2008陜西，7) Not until the motorbike looked almost new repairing an

31、d cleaning it. A.he stoppedB.did he stop C.stopped heD.he did stop,考生易誤選A項(xiàng)或C項(xiàng)。分析題干可知，句首有否定詞“Not”,橫線(xiàn)處應(yīng)用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，故選項(xiàng)B為本題的正確答案。,【解題探究】 B。not until結(jié)構(gòu)用于倒裝句型中的主要形式為：Not until+表示時(shí)間的詞或從句+部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。該結(jié)構(gòu)有如下特點(diǎn)：（1）not until.部分位于句首；（2）部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中無(wú)否定性結(jié)構(gòu)；（3）當(dāng)until后接從句時(shí)，且not until.位于句首時(shí)，那么主句要倒裝，從句不倒裝（如本題）。 not until結(jié)構(gòu)用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型是高考

32、英語(yǔ)中的常考問(wèn)題。它的主要形式有：（1）It+be+not until+狀語(yǔ)+that+其他；（2）It+be+not until+從句+that+其他。,It wasnt until nearly a month later that I received the managers reply. 差不多一個(gè)月后，我才收到經(jīng)理的答復(fù)。 It wasnt until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks that I found we had a lot in common. 直到我們?cè)谝黄鸫藥讉€(gè)星期我才發(fā)現(xiàn)我們之間有很多共同之處。,多種倒裝

33、結(jié)構(gòu)的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) Only when the fire was under control to return to their homes. A.the residents would be permitted B.had the residents been permitted C.would the residents be permitted D.the residents had been permitted,考生易誤選B項(xiàng)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本題是對(duì)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)的考查。根據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)可知，“only+狀語(yǔ)”位于句首時(shí)，其后的句子要采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，故選項(xiàng)A和D可以首先被排除。在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)

34、從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，主句要用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，故選項(xiàng)C為本題的正確答案。,【解題探究】 C。當(dāng)“only+狀語(yǔ)”位于句首時(shí)，其后的句子要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中的狀語(yǔ)通常由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)從句（如本題）充當(dāng)。該語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)是高考英語(yǔ)中的常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)。 Only if you eat the correct foods will you be able to keep fit and stay healthy. 只有你吃對(duì)食物，你才能保持健康。 Only by keeping down costs will Power Data has its advantage over other companies.

35、 只有降低成本，Power Data公司才能比其他公司有優(yōu)勢(shì)。,2. If Joes wife wont go to the party, . A.he will eitherB.neither will he C.he neither willD.either he will,考生易誤選 A。Neither 是一個(gè)否定詞，當(dāng)它位于句首時(shí)，其后的句子要采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。故選項(xiàng)B為本題的正確答案。,【解題探究】 B。（1）“neither+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”表示“也不”，其前的句子為一個(gè)否定的句子，且該助動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與其前一句話(huà)中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)一致，這里的neither可以用nor來(lái)替換。 （2）“so+助動(dòng)詞

36、+主語(yǔ)”表示“也”，其前的句子為一個(gè)肯定的句子，該助動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與其前的句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)一致?！皊o+主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞”表示“確實(shí)如此”，用法同“so+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)用法，只是含義不同。,3. At the foot of the mountain . A.a village liesB.lies a village C.does a village lieD.lying a village,本題是對(duì)完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)的考查?？忌渍`選C。題干中的“ At the foot of the mountain ”是一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)，當(dāng)它位于句首時(shí)，其后的句子要采用完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，故B項(xiàng)為本題的正確答

37、案。,【解題探究】 B。常見(jiàn)的完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)在高考英語(yǔ)中有兩種： （1）當(dāng)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，其后的句子要采用完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 In the dark forests lie many lakes,some large enough to hold several English towns. 在黑暗的森林里有許多湖泊，其中有一些有幾個(gè)英國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)那么大。 （2）當(dāng)here,there,in,out等副詞位于句首，其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為come,go等時(shí)，句子通常采用完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。,Out rushed the boy.那男孩沖出來(lái)了。 注意：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)，不用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 Out he ru

38、shed.他沖出來(lái)了。 4. I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom so lonely as now. A.have I felt B.I had felt C.I have felt D.had I felt,考生容易忽視 seldom 而誤選C項(xiàng)。題干中的 seldom 為一個(gè)否定詞，位于分句句首，其后的句子應(yīng)采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。再由題目中的 have been living 與now 可知，A 項(xiàng)為本題的正確答案。,【解題探究】 A。當(dāng)否定詞或否定性短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，其后的句子應(yīng)采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。常用

39、的否定詞或否定性短語(yǔ)有：not,never,seldom,rarely,hardly,scarcely,barely,by no means,in no way,little,few,no sooner等。,Never in my wildest dreams could I imagine these people are living in such poor conditions. 就算在最荒誕的夢(mèng)里，我也絕不會(huì)想到這些人竟然生活得這么貧困。 Ive tried very hard to improve my English,but by no means is the teacher

40、satisfied with my progress. 我一直非常努力地去提高我的英語(yǔ)水平，但是老師根本不滿(mǎn)意我的進(jìn)步。,強(qiáng)調(diào)句型易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) It was only with the help of the local guide . A.was the mountain climber rescued B.that the mountain climber was rescued C.when the mountain climber was rescued D.then the mountain climber was rescued ,本題是對(duì)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的考查?？忌苋菀讓⑵湔`認(rèn)為是倒裝句，而

41、選A項(xiàng)。only with the help of the local guide 為被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分，故選項(xiàng)B為本題的正確答案。,【解題探究】 B。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：It be+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that/who+其他。在去掉It be和that/who后，剩下的部分可以組成一個(gè)成分不缺、意思完整的句子。 省略結(jié)構(gòu)的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) （2008福建，30） Who should be responsible for the accident? The boss,not the workers.They just carried out the order . A.as toldB.as are told

42、C.as tellingD.as they told,本題考查的是從句的省略問(wèn)題?？忌族e(cuò)選B項(xiàng)或 D 項(xiàng)，原因是沒(méi)有掌握好從句的省略問(wèn)題。在主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致，并且從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中有 be 動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞可以同時(shí)省略。該類(lèi)問(wèn)題是高考英語(yǔ)中常考的熱點(diǎn)題，應(yīng)引起考生的重視。,【解題探究】 A。本題中的as told的完整形式為as they were told,故選項(xiàng)A為本題的正確答案。 反意疑問(wèn)句的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) I wish I could go to study in the USA, ? A.dont IB.may I C.do ID.shouldnt I

43、,高考考查反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)除了考查一些常規(guī)的句子外，還往往考查一些特殊的反意疑問(wèn)句。比如：帶有主語(yǔ)的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句，表示看法的動(dòng)詞后面接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的反意疑問(wèn)句，含有否定意義的詞的反意疑問(wèn)句，there be句型的反意疑問(wèn)句等。解答這類(lèi)題目最好的辦法就是熟悉各種類(lèi)型反意疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成。,【解題探究】 B?！癐 wish.”的反意疑問(wèn)句中的附加疑問(wèn)句部分要用may I。,(2009濟(jì)南二次統(tǒng)考) So you have met Maria? Yes,it was last week we attended Jacks party. A.whereB.when C.thatD.why 解析 句意為：那

44、么你已經(jīng)見(jiàn)過(guò)Maria了？是的，（我們）是在上周我們參加Jack的聚會(huì)時(shí)（認(rèn)識(shí)的）。,B,2. (2009金麗衢十二校二次聯(lián)考) Was it it snowed last night he didnt come? A.because;whenB.why;that C.that;becauseD.because;that 答案 D 解析 考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他部分。,3. (2009溫州二次調(diào)研) So difficult it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for a

45、dvice. A.I did findB.I have found C.have I foundD.did I find 解析 考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。在so/such.that結(jié)構(gòu) 中，so或such位于句首加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣時(shí)句子用倒裝。,D,4. (2009溫州二次調(diào)研) The subway timetables are well planned in Norway. Seldom wait very long. A.one does have to B.does one have to C.one has to D.has one to 解析 該題考查倒裝。當(dāng)否定副詞位于句首時(shí)， 句中要用部分倒裝形式，

46、即將助動(dòng)詞提前，故B項(xiàng) 正確。,B,5. (2009安徽名校聯(lián)考（二） Will the bad weather affect their plan? Well, no sign that the explorers would give up their attempt. A.it isB.it has C.there isD.it seems 解析 考查句型There is no sign that.。句 意為：壞天氣會(huì)影響他們的計(jì)劃嗎？ 嗯，沒(méi)有什么跡象表明這些探險(xiǎn)者會(huì)放棄他們的 嘗試。,C,6. (2009皖南八校三次聯(lián)考) We all wonder the relationship

47、 between France and China is good again now. Because the two countries have common national benefits. A.why it is thatB.why it is C.that it is whyD.it is why 解析 這里是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式作賓語(yǔ)。,A,7. (2009皖南八校三次聯(lián)考) So hard that he can go to an ideal university. A.studied TomB.did Tom study C.does Tom studyD.studie

48、s Tom 解析 在“so.that.”句型中，當(dāng)“so+形容詞/ 副詞”提前到句首時(shí)，后面的句子要部分倒裝。,C,8. (2009合肥三次質(zhì)檢) It was not what he said but he said it that hurt my feelings. A.thatB.what C.howD.whether 解析 考查名詞性從句。這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào) 的是主語(yǔ)，he said it基本句意完整，所以用表 示方式的how來(lái)引導(dǎo)。,C,9. (2009蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市學(xué)情調(diào)查) Its crazy of you to spend more time playing computer

49、games than you studying. A.areB.doC.haveD.will 解析 考查替代。than引導(dǎo)的比較句中常使用替 代或省略，這里使用do代替前面出現(xiàn)的spend避免 重復(fù)。,B,10. (2009蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市學(xué)情調(diào)查 )What do you suppose her look so upset? by her boyfriend again. A.making;Misunderstood B.had made;Being misunderstood C.made;Having been misunderstood D.has made;Misunderstood 答

50、案 C 解析 考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知第一個(gè)空是 句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，故可排除A項(xiàng)；第二空是分詞短 語(yǔ)用來(lái)回答問(wèn)句中的“what”,選項(xiàng)必須具有名詞 性，因此過(guò)去分詞（D項(xiàng)）應(yīng)該被排除；選項(xiàng)B中的 had made時(shí)態(tài)不對(duì)，本題不具備使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的 條件，即它不是發(fā)生在另一個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作之前。由 此可見(jiàn)本題應(yīng)該選擇C。,11. (2009合肥一次調(diào)研) Not a single word when he left home and joined the army in 1941. A.did he leaveB.left he C.did leave heD.he left 解析 考查倒裝語(yǔ)序

51、。not a single word位于 句首時(shí)，句子的主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該使用部分倒裝語(yǔ) 序。,A,12. (2009南京二次調(diào)研) is it that makes you so happy? The fact that our volleyball team has got into the final. A.WhichB.Why C.WhoD.What 解析 通過(guò)對(duì)問(wèn)句的分析不難看出這里所填的應(yīng) 是充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的疑問(wèn)代詞；再根據(jù)回答可以判斷這 一疑問(wèn)代詞用來(lái)指物，所以選what。,D,13. (2009沈陽(yáng)質(zhì)檢（三）) The Sino-U.S. relations,although they

52、have experienced twists and turns in the past, have moved forward. A.in returnB.in turn C.on the wholeD.on the other hand 解析 考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：中美關(guān)系雖然歷 經(jīng)波折，但總的說(shuō)來(lái)還是向前發(fā)展的。in return表示“作為回報(bào)”；in turn表示“輪流，反 過(guò)來(lái)”；on the whole表示“總的來(lái)說(shuō)，總而言 之”；on the other hand表示“另一方面”。C項(xiàng) 符合語(yǔ)境。,C,14.(2009沈陽(yáng)質(zhì)檢（三）) that made Mrs.White s

53、o upset? Her sons making trouble in the school. A.Where was itB.Why was it C.How was itD.What was it 解析 考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意為：是什么讓?xiě)?特夫人這么難過(guò)？她兒子在學(xué)校惹事了。判 斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的要點(diǎn)是：當(dāng)去掉“It is.that/who” 時(shí)，剩下的句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整。這里是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的 疑問(wèn)形式，由答語(yǔ)可知，這里句子的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該用 what,而不是where,why或how。所以應(yīng)該選D項(xiàng)。,D,15. (2009福建質(zhì)檢) Many people agree that never in histo

54、ry a more splendid opening ceremony than that of the Beijing Olympics. A.there wereB.has there been C.there has beenD.were there 解析 考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。在從句中，否定副詞 never置于句首，所以要部分倒裝。,B,16. (2008福建質(zhì)檢) It was extremely hot last summer. , it was the hottest summer of the last 50 years. A.At lastB.In fact C.On average

55、D.For example 解析 短語(yǔ)辨析。由語(yǔ)境可知，后句是對(duì)上句 extremely hot的具體介紹，所以用in fact,意 思是“事實(shí)上”。,B,17. (2008大連名校聯(lián)考) entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report. A.He hardly hadB.Had he hardly C.Hardly had heD.Hardly he had 解析 考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。hardly和when連用表示 “一就”，hardly位于句首時(shí)，句子要倒裝。,C,18. (2008大連名校聯(lián)考) It w

56、as difficult for him to finish the project,wasnt it? . He should have been given a more difficult one. A.No,it wasB.Yes,it was C.Yes,it wasntD.No,it wasnt 解析 從答語(yǔ)中“應(yīng)該給他一個(gè)更難的課題?！笨?知選D。,D,19. (2008大連名校聯(lián)考) It is in this very village, Mary was born 35 years ago, she will build her first school, inspires

57、everyone to help her. A.where;that;whichB.that;that;that C.that;when;whichD.where;when;that 答案 A 解析 第一空用where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句， 第二空用that構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，第三空用which引 導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面整個(gè)句子。,20. (2008沈陽(yáng)三次調(diào)研) What will we do next? In next activity,well teach you everything you need to let others know you do at work. A.why is it thatB.that it is why C.is it whatD.what it is that 解析 考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和名詞性從句。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特 殊疑問(wèn)句應(yīng)該用“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問(wèn) 句”的形式；因?yàn)榭崭窈秃竺娴牟糠质琴e語(yǔ)從 句，不用疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序，所以D項(xiàng)正確。,D, .單項(xiàng)填空 (2009天津六校聯(lián)考) Congratulations,Ellen.I heard that you had passed the driving test. Thanks,Bruce.But ,it wasnt easy. A.to be more exa