1、光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電技術(shù)及標(biāo)準(zhǔn),合肥陽光電源有限公司 研發(fā)中心 趙為,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,2,一、 背景,我國豐富的陽光資源和電池組件價(jià)格的下降,中國日益緊張的電力供需矛盾,資源與環(huán)境問題突出,下一頁,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,3,二、 光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的組成, 獨(dú)立供電系統(tǒng) PV組件 蓄電池 充放電控制器 并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng) PV組件 并網(wǎng)逆變器 雙向計(jì)量裝置 公用電網(wǎng),DC負(fù)載,逆變器 + AC負(fù)載,下一頁,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,4,三、并網(wǎng)逆變器的種類,1.直接耦合系統(tǒng) 2.工頻隔離系統(tǒng) 3.高頻隔離系統(tǒng) 4.高頻不隔離系統(tǒng),下一頁,2020/10/2

2、,合肥陽光電源有限公司,5,四、 光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電的關(guān)鍵技術(shù), 組件的絕緣技術(shù) 光伏陣列的最大功率跟蹤技術(shù)（MPPT） 并網(wǎng)逆變器的設(shè)計(jì)、制造 孤島效應(yīng)保護(hù)技術(shù) 電能雙向計(jì)量技術(shù) 夜間零耗電技術(shù) 電磁兼容性 其他的安全問題（如防雷）,下一頁,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,6,五、 光伏并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的三大趨勢(shì), 光伏建筑（BIPV）（15kW）：各國發(fā)展迅猛； 大型光伏電站 （LPVGS）（100kW100MW）：適合在我國 廣闊西部地區(qū)推廣； 小功率光伏并網(wǎng)模塊 （AC MODULE）由于效率不高， 安全性差等問題，發(fā)展前景黯淡。,下一頁,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,7,6.

3、1 采用工頻變壓器隔離的單相并網(wǎng)逆變器系統(tǒng),六、 用于光伏建筑的并網(wǎng)逆變器技術(shù)方案,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,8,6.2 采用直流升壓、高頻變壓器隔離的單相并網(wǎng)逆變器系統(tǒng),六、 用于光伏建筑的并網(wǎng)逆變器技術(shù)方案,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,9,6.3 采用工頻變壓器隔離的大功率三相并網(wǎng)逆變器系統(tǒng),六、 用于光伏建筑的并網(wǎng)逆變器技術(shù)方案,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,10,七、 大型光伏電站的技術(shù)方案,1.多重疊加技術(shù) 10MW 系統(tǒng),下一頁,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,11,2.多機(jī)并聯(lián)技術(shù) 150MW 系統(tǒng),下一頁,2020/10/2,

4、合肥陽光電源有限公司,12,3.多電平直接逆變技術(shù) 50100MW 系統(tǒng),下一頁,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,13,八、 光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電相關(guān)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（TC82）,NO1. IEC 60891：1987, procedures for temperature and irradiance corrections to measured I-V characteristics of crystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) devices. Amendment NO1. NO2. IEC 60904-1：1987, PV Part1：Measuremen

5、ts of PV current-voltage characteristics. NO3. IEC 60904-2：1989, Photovoltaic devices-Part2：Requirements for reference solar cells. NO4. IEC 60904-3：1989, Photovoltaic devices-Part3：Measurement principles for terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) solar devices with reference spectral irradiance data. NO5. I

6、EC 60904-5：1993, Photovoltaic devices-Part5：Determination of the equivalent cell temperature (ECT) of photovoltaic (PV) devices by the open-circuit voltage method. NO6. IEC 60904-6：1994, Photovoltaic devices-Part6：Requirements for reference solar modules.,下一頁,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,14,NO7. IEC 60904-7

7、：1995, Photovoltaic devices-Part7 ：Computation of spectral mismatch error introduced in the testing of a photovoltaic device. NO8. IEC 60904-8：1995, Photovoltaic devices-Part8 ：Guidance for the measurement of spectral response of a photovoltaic device. Second edition (1998). NO9. IEC 60904-9：1995, P

8、hotovoltaic devices-Part9：Solar simulator performance requirements. NO10. IEC 60904-8：1998, Photovoltaic devices-Part10：Methods of linearity measurement. NO11. IEC 61173：1992, Overvoltage protection for photovoltaic (PV) power generating systems-Guide. NO12. IEC 61194：1993, Characteristics parameter

9、s of stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) systems.,下一頁,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,15,NO13. IEC 61215：1993, Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules. Design Qualification and type approval. NO14. IEC 61277：1995, Guide:General description of photovoltaic (PV) power generating systems. NO15. IEC 61

10、345：1998, UV test for photovoltaic (PV) modules. NO16. IEC 61427, Secondary cells and batteries for photovoltaic (PV) energy systems-General requirements and methods of test. NO17. IEC 61646：1996, Thin film silicon terrestrial PV modules-Design Qualification and type approval. NO18. IEC 61683：1999,

11、PV system-power conditioners-procedures for measuring efficiency. NO19. IEC 61701：1995, Salt mist corrosion testing of photovoltaic (PV) modules. NO20. IEC 61702：1995, Rating of direct coupled photovoltaic (PV) pumping systems.,下一頁,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,16,下一頁,NO21. IEC 61721:1995, Susceptibility of

12、a photovoltaic (PV) module to accidental impact damage (resistance to impact test). NO22. IEC 61724:1998, Photovoltaic system performance monitoring-Guidelines for measurement, data exchange and analysis. NO23. IEC 61725:1997, Analytiacl expression for daily solar profiles. NO24. IEC 61727:1995, Pho

13、tovoltaic systems-Characteristics of the utility interface. NO25. IEC 61730 Photovoltaic system safety qualification-part1:Requirement for construction. NO26. IEC 61829:1995, Crystalline silicon PV array-On-site measurement of I-V characteristics. NO27. IEC 61830:1997, Solar photovoltaic energy syst

14、em-terms and symbols. NO28. IEC 61853 Performance testing and energy rating of terrestrial photovoltaic modules.,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,17,NO329. IEC 62078 Certification and accreditation program for photovoltaic (PV) components and systems-Guidelines for a total quality system. NO30. IEC 62093, BOS c

15、omponents-Environmental reliability testing- Design qualification and type approval. NO31. IEC 62108 Concentrator photovoltaic (PV) receivers and modules- Design qualification and type approval. NO32. IEC 62109 Electrical safety of static inverters and charge controllers for use in photovoltaic (PV)

16、 power systems. NO33. IEC 62116 Testing procedure-Islanding prevention measures for power conditions use in grid connected photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems. NO34. IEC 62124 Photovoltaic stand-alone systems- Design qualification and type approval. NO35. IEC 62145 Crystalline silicon PV modu

17、les-Blank detail specification. NO36. IEC 62234 Safety guidelines for grid connected photovoltaic (PV) systems mounted on building.,下一頁,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,18,NO37. IEC 62253 Direct coupled photovoltaic (PV) pumping systems- Design qualification and type approval. NO38. IEC 62257 Specifications for

18、 the use of renewable energies in rural decentralised electrification. NO39. IEC/PAS 62111 Specifications for the use of renewable energies in rural decentralised electrification. NO40. PNW 82-263 Maximum Power Point Tracking. IEEE Codes and Standards ABBREVIATIONS: ANW=Approved New Work PNW=Propose

19、d New Work CDM=Committee draft to be discussed in at meeting. PWI=Potential New Work Item.,下一頁,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,19,九、 目前急需貫徹的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),1.IEC61727-1995 Photovoltaic system-characteristics of the utility interface.2.IEEE929-2000 Recommended practice for Utility Interface of PV system. 3.IEC61215-1993 單晶硅

20、電池標(biāo)準(zhǔn). crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules. Design Qualification and type approval. 4.IEC60304 Electrical Installations of building.5.IEC61000 EMC standards.6.GB/T 并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)技術(shù)要求. 7. UL1741-1999 Standard for Static Inverters and Charge Controllers for Use in PV Power Systems.,下一頁,2020/10/2,合肥陽光電源有限公司,20,十、 結(jié)論, 光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景； 西部今后將有可能建成1100MW 光伏并網(wǎng)電站; 目前