1、高考中的初中英語語法知識 介詞用法 （ The use of preposition ）,介詞 ( preposition ),一 介詞的分類與語法功能,1.介詞是虛詞， 不能單獨做句子成分， 必須與名詞、 代詞（ 或相當(dāng)于名詞的其他詞類、短語、或從句 ） 構(gòu)成介詞短語，在句子中充當(dāng)一個成分。,介詞分為： 簡單介詞: at 、 in 、 on 、for 、 to,合成介詞: within 、 inside 、 onto、 throughout .,短語介詞: according to 、 out of 、 because of、 by means of、 in spite of 、 inste

2、ad of,雙重介詞 ： from behind /above / under , until after,分詞介詞 ：considering , including , judging from /by,1. It is going to rain this afternoon according to the weather forecast.,2. He quarrelled with her yesterday.,3. He succeeded in passing the final examination .,4. Im still thinking of how I can fu

3、lfill the task ahead of time.,5.The professor will give us a talk on how to study English well.,總結(jié) 1：介詞后常接 名詞、代詞、動名詞 、從句、 不定式組成介詞短語。,總結(jié) 2 : 介詞短語在句子中可作表語、 定語 、狀語和 賓補(bǔ)。,This machine is in good condition . Where is the key to my bike ? Nothing in the world could live without air or water . She always th

4、inks herself above others,二. 介詞搭配 動詞 介詞 rob sb of sth ( clear / inform /cheat / remind / accuse / cure . etc),supply us with sth = supply sth to / for sb ( provide / fill ),make sth of / from / into,介詞 the + 人體部位 （strike / catch / hit/,prevent sb from doing,persuade sb into / out of doing sth ( advi

5、se/ warn /reason),buy sth for sb ( leave / get / win / gain / lose ),tell sth to sb ( show / teach / sing / write / read),give sth to sb( allow / promise / pass / hand ),say to sb ( suggest / explain / apologize / murmur /whisper),同一介詞與不同動詞 （ to / for / at 同一動詞與不同介詞的搭配 ( look / agree / hear / call /

6、stand ,2. 形容詞 介詞 afraid / angry / anxious / tired / strict / good popular / pleased / known / familiar,1. Im afraid _ being late for school because my head teacher is very strict _ us . 2. Einstein was known _ his theory of relativity _ a famous physics scientist _ the world . 3. He is angry _ what

7、his e-pal has said for he is tired _ being laughed at by others . 4. The boy is familiar _ the fiction because it is very popular _ teenagers so far .,3. 名詞 介詞 1. The absence / lack of water is the most serious problem . 2. The girl has a good way _ studying English . 3. The key _ success lies in di

8、ligence and wisdom .,重點介詞的用法歸納與辨析 表示世紀(jì)、年、月、 季、周 用 in / during , in the 1990s , in May , in spring ,in the first week of June,2. 在某一天或某天上、下午、晚上 、前夕 用 on,3. 在某一時刻、 或某一點時間用 at .,till , until , to 的用法。 1） till / until 與延續(xù)動詞連用，用于肯定句，與短暫 動詞連用用在否定句（ 在句首、強(qiáng)調(diào)句 不用till ).,2) to 表終結(jié)常與from 連用 from to from time to

9、 time from hand to hand from door to door from house to house,from one + 名詞 to another 表 “依次” 名詞 + by + 同一名詞 one by one ,5. in , after , later,in + 一段時間 . 常用 一般將來時。 after + 一段時間 . 常用一般過去時。 after + 點時間 . 用各種時態(tài)。,一段時間 later 過去時,6 . 地點介詞 : at , on , in , to , off across , through over , under below , ab

10、ove to （ 靜態(tài) ）, towards ( 動態(tài) ）,along,7. 表示方式、手段、 工具 的介詞 by / through ( 表泛指 的方式、手段） by (交通工具類） by / with / in ( 方式、手段）,1.The boy likes writing _ a pen and especially likes writing _ blue and black ink . 2. He got full mark _ his own effort, he often contacts with his epals _ email .,8. 表 “ 除 之外 ” 的介詞

11、besides , but except ， except for , except that ,注意： 1） 前面有不定代詞、 疑問代詞時，多用but,All but one are here . Nobody but I likes literature .,2） 后接不定式短語為排除對象時，多用but He has nothing to do but wait . 3) 固定短語 have no choice but to do sth （只得做某事） can not but do sth cannot help but do sth (不得不） but for / but that（要

12、不是）,9. between / among (三者以上）,1） Mary is sitting _ Tom and wang Li. 2） She was busy _ cooking , washing , sewing and looking after the baby . 3）Shanghai is _the largest cities in the world . 4） A horse can be seen _ trees now.,1. He didnt come to the meeting _ his illness . 2. The reason _ his being

13、 angry is that he lost his cell phone. 3. _ a heavy snow , the highway has been closed up. 4. The accident is _ the drivers drinking .,10 表原因的介詞： for , because of , due to , owing to , on account of , as a result of,11. 不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的 for , of,1）It is clever _ you to answer such a difficult answer. 2）It is mean _ her to