1、地理信息系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)心得在開學(xué)之際，通過導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)， 選擇了地理信息系統(tǒng)這門課。 通過張秋文老師的精心講解，我獲益匪淺。 第一：掌握地理信息系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)。地理信息系統(tǒng)（ GIS ，Geographic Information System ）是 一門綜合性學(xué)科，結(jié)合地理學(xué)與地圖學(xué)以及遙感和計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)， 已經(jīng)廣泛的應(yīng)用在不同的領(lǐng)域，是用于輸入、存儲、查詢、分析 和顯示地理數(shù)據(jù)的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)。 GIS 是一種基于計(jì)算機(jī)的工具， 它可以對空間信息進(jìn)行分析和處理 （簡而言之， 是對地球上存在 的現(xiàn)象和發(fā)生的事件進(jìn)行成圖和分析）。 GIS 技術(shù)把地圖這種 獨(dú)特的視覺化效果和地理分析功能與一般的數(shù)據(jù)庫操作 （例如

2、查 詢和統(tǒng)計(jì)分析等） 集成在一起。 GIS 與其他信息系統(tǒng)最大的區(qū)別 是對空間信息的存儲管理分析， 從而使其在廣泛的公眾和個(gè)人企 事業(yè)單位中解釋事件、預(yù)測結(jié)果、規(guī)劃戰(zhàn)略等中具有實(shí)用價(jià)值。地理信息系統(tǒng)工作原理： 地理信息系統(tǒng)是將計(jì)算機(jī)硬件、 軟 件、地理數(shù)據(jù)以及系統(tǒng)管理人員組織而成的對任一形式的地理信 息進(jìn)行高效獲取、存儲、更新、操作、分析及顯示的集成。地理信息系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用：（ 1） GIS 用于全球環(huán)境變化動態(tài)監(jiān) 測；（ 2）GIS 用于自然資源調(diào)查與管理；（ 3）GIS 用于監(jiān)測、 預(yù)測；（ 4）GIS 用于城市、區(qū)域規(guī)劃和地籍管理； （5）GIS 的 軍事應(yīng)用；（ 6） GIS 用于電網(wǎng)輔助

3、決策中；（ 7） GIS 還在金 融業(yè)、保險(xiǎn)業(yè)、公共事業(yè)、社會治安、運(yùn)輸導(dǎo)航、考古、醫(yī)療救 護(hù)等領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。 第二：地理信息系統(tǒng)拓寬了我的眼界、拓展了我的思維。在學(xué)習(xí)這門課以前，我在看水利信息化相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)，對 GIS 沒有絲毫了解，只是大概的知道 GPS、RS,學(xué)了 GIS后，我便 有了一個(gè)想法。即通過 GPS、RS與GIS的結(jié)合，實(shí)現(xiàn)灌區(qū)信息 化的建設(shè)。通過網(wǎng)上信息的查閱，我了解到相關(guān)信息：灌區(qū)信息 中 70% 以上與空間地理位置有關(guān)。網(wǎng)格 GIS 不僅可以用于存儲 和管理海量灌區(qū)信息還可以用于灌區(qū)的可視化查詢與網(wǎng)上發(fā)布。 利用其空間分析能力可直接為灌區(qū)灌溉決策提供輔助支持。 在實(shí)

4、際應(yīng)用中，可以通過 RS 獲取農(nóng)業(yè)自然資源、作物長勢、氣象趨 勢、災(zāi)害等動態(tài)信息， 將這些信息直接以柵格格式存入空間數(shù)據(jù) 庫，為地理信息系統(tǒng)提供大量的定位定量觀測數(shù)據(jù)。利用 GPS 作為重點(diǎn)工程數(shù)據(jù)更新的手段，將采集的數(shù)據(jù)放入實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)庫。 利用地理信息系統(tǒng)自己所帶的功能結(jié)合其他數(shù)據(jù)對這些數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn) 行管理。此外，通過 GIS 技術(shù)，可以在多種復(fù)雜因素共同作用條件下， 隨意假設(shè)或更改部分邊界條件， 對可能出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果進(jìn)行數(shù)字模擬 和仿真， 通過生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)積累與反饋， 實(shí)現(xiàn)灌區(qū)規(guī)劃和管理的 優(yōu)化。GIS 系統(tǒng)的建立， 可以很大程度上提高行業(yè)內(nèi)工作人員的效 率，減少人力、物力、財(cái)力的輸出；可以提高灌區(qū)管

5、理水平，提 高水資源利用效率，加快灌區(qū)現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展進(jìn)程。第三：時(shí)時(shí)保持學(xué)習(xí)的姿態(tài)。在課堂上，僅僅學(xué)習(xí)的是 GIS 的理論知識， 但是在實(shí)際中我 們還得學(xué)習(xí) GIS 的應(yīng)用知識， 湯國安和楊昕編著的 地理信息系 統(tǒng)空間分析實(shí)驗(yàn)教程就很好用。GIS 在國內(nèi)飛速發(fā)展，應(yīng)用越來越廣泛，但是信息技術(shù)也在 飛速發(fā)展，為了與時(shí)俱進(jìn)， 我們必須時(shí)時(shí)保持學(xué)習(xí)的姿態(tài)和熱情。 GIS 是未來發(fā)展趨勢， 把握好趨勢，才能在競爭中處于不敗之地。GIS learning experienceAt the beginning of the term, through the guidance of my instructo

6、r, I chose the GIS course. By teacher Zhang 'eslaborate, I benefited.First: to master the basis of geographic information system.Geographic Information System (GIS) is a comprehensive discipline combining geography and map science and remote sensing and computer science. It has been widely used

7、in different fields for inputting, storing, querying, analyzing and displaying Geographic data computer system. GIS is a computer-based tool that analyzes and processes spatial information (in short, mapping and analyzing phenomena and events that occur on Earth). GIS technology integrates maps with

8、 this unique visualization and geo-analytic capabilities with common databaseoperations such as querying and statistical analysis. The biggest difference between GIS and other information systems is the storage management analysis of spatial information, which makes it have practical value in explai

9、ning events, forecasting results and planning strategies in a wide range of public and private enterprises.How Geographic Information Systems Work: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is the integration of computer hardware, software, geo-data, and system administrators to efficiently capture, stor

10、e, update, manipulate, analyze, and display any form of geographic information.GIS application: (1) GIS is used for dynamic monitoring of global environmental change; (2) GIS is used for natural resource investigation and management; (3) GIS is used for monitoring and forecasting; (4) GIS is used fo

11、r urban and regional planning And cadastral management; (5) military applications of GIS; (6) GIS for power grid decision-making; (7) GIS is also used in the fields of finance, insurance, public utilities, social security, transport navigation, archeology and medical rescue Has been widely used.Seco

12、nd: GIS has broadened my horizons and thinking.Before I take this course, I was looking at the related literature of water informatization. I did not know anything about GIS. I just knew about GPS, RS, and after learning GIS, I had an idea. Through the combination of GPS, RS and GIS, to achieve the

13、construction of irrigation information. Through the online information access, I learned that the relevant information: more than 70% of the information in the irrigation area and the geographical location of the space. Grid GIS can not only be used to store and manage information on a large number

14、of irrigation districts, but also can be used for visual query and online publishing of irrigation districts. Using its spatial analysis capabilities, it can provide direct support for irrigation decision-making in irrigation districts. In practice, dynamic information such as agricultural natural r

15、esources, crop growth, meteorological trends and disasters can be obtained through RS. The information can be directly stored in a spatial database in a grid format to provide a large number of quantitative and directional observation data for geographic information system. The use of GPS as a key p

16、roject data update means, the collected data into the real-time database. Use the capabilities of your own geographic information system to manage these data in combination with other data.In addition, through GIS technology, some boundary conditions can be arbitrarily assumed or modified under the

17、condition of multiple complex factors, digital simulation and simulation of the possible results can be carried out, and the practical experience and feedback of production can be used to realize the planning and management of the irrigated area optimization.The establishment of the GIS system can g

18、reatly improve the efficiency of staff in the industry and reduce the output of manpower, material and financial resources; improve the management level of irrigation districts, improve the utilization efficiency of water resources and accelerate the development of the irrigation area modernization.Third: keep learning attitude.In the classroom, just learning the theoretical knowledge of GIS, but in fact we have to learn GIS application knowledge, Tang GuoAn and Yang Xin ' sbook GIS spatial analysis experiment tutorial is easy to use.GIS is booming in