1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法復(fù)習(xí)整理一、             謂語部分結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞have (has) +過去分詞過去分詞的構(gòu)成分規(guī)則的和不規(guī)則的，規(guī)則的與過去式的構(gòu)成方法一樣，不規(guī)則的只有單獨(dú)記了,無人能幫你。1  肯定句：主語have( has) +過去分詞其它。2. 否定句： 主語have( has)+ not+過去分詞其它。have not=havent has not=hasnt.3  一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：Have( Has )主語過去分詞其它？4 

2、; 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞have(has) +主語+ 過去分詞其它？eg. He has already finished his homework. He hasnt finished his homework yet. Has he finished his homework yet? -Yes, he has./ No, he hasnt.二、 常搭配的時(shí)間狀語:already, yet, just, ever, never，in the past +時(shí)間段，so far這幾個(gè)詞的位置除了yet常在句尾外，其余的通常都在句中，即have/has的后面，行為動(dòng)詞的前面。但alr

3、eady也可在肯定句尾，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，在疑問句末尾表示驚訝等。eg. Has he finished his homework already? 對(duì)他完成了作業(yè)感到驚訝。另，before 也可以與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。eg. Ive ever been there before. It was ten years ago.三、 常用用法1、 表示過去發(fā)生或者已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或者結(jié)果。Eg.The doctor has left .(他現(xiàn)在不在這兒，找不到他了。)The students have cleaned the classroom.(現(xiàn)在教室是干凈的)I have just rea

4、d the book.( 現(xiàn)在我知道這本書的內(nèi)容了)比較：I read the book last month.(只是說明read這個(gè)動(dòng)作是在上個(gè)月發(fā)生的而已，沒有談及對(duì)現(xiàn)在有什么影響)總結(jié) ：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或者結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況或者狀態(tài)，與過去沒有關(guān)系，不能和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。而一般過去時(shí)只表示這動(dòng)作是在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的，或者說是過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生了某個(gè)動(dòng)作而已，和現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系。它就可以和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，比如：yesterday, just now , last year , in 2000, some mi

5、nutes ago, the day before yesterday etc.I have seen the film already. (現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)了解這部電影的內(nèi)容了，至于什么時(shí)候看的沒有關(guān)系，反正我已看過了。)I saw the film last year .( 只是表示我是去年看的這部電影。)2、表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作或者某個(gè)狀態(tài)從過去某一時(shí)間開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi))。這種可以和表示延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語連用 ，如 since 或者 for.2、  注意 since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)或者從句，而for +一段時(shí)間。Since last year, since 1997, since 8 o

6、clock ,since five days ago . for ten years , for an hour .對(duì)這類時(shí)間狀語提問要用how long 。We have been friends for many years. You have been students since two years ago / since 2004./ for two years.How long have I taught you English ?I have taught you English since you came to the school.Mr Black has lived in

7、 China since 2000.(從2000年至今還在中國(guó))比較：Mr Black lived in China in 2000.(反正2000年在中國(guó)，到底2000年后呢？不得而知)用since和for填空1._two years 2._two years ago3._last month 4._ 19995._yesterday 6._ 4 oclock7._4 hours 8._an hour ago9. _we were children 10._ lunch time11._she left here12. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year b

8、efore last.13. Ive known him _ we were children.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.15. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.【現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的用法比較】 1. 一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。說話的側(cè)重點(diǎn)只是陳述一件過去的事情，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)“現(xiàn)在”產(chǎn)生的影響。如：    He visited Guilin in 1998. 他1998年參觀過桂林。(

9、只說明去桂林的時(shí)間)    2. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響或產(chǎn)生了結(jié)果。不與確定的過去時(shí)間狀語連用。如：    Jill has bought a new computer. 吉爾買了一臺(tái)新電腦。(著重點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在有了一臺(tái)新電腦)    I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在這兒教書已經(jīng)十五年了。（表示十五年前的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會(huì)繼續(xù)）    I taught here for a year. 我過去在這兒

10、教過一年書。（表示“我”現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了）Irregular VerbsBase FormPast FormPast Participlebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfo

11、undflyflewflowngetgotgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheardheardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemademadeputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinksank/sunksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwritewrotewroteam, iswasbeenarewe

12、rebeenExercise:I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week.2. _ he _ (finish) his work today? Not yet.3. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now.4. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office.5. I _ (work) here since I _ (

13、move) here in 1999.6. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here.7. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks.8. I _ just _ (finish) my homework. 9. He _ (go) to school on foot every day. 10._ you _ (find) your science book yet? 11. Look! The monkey _ (climb) the tree. 12. My mother _ (come)

14、to see me next Sunday. 15. I've lost my pen. _ you _ (see) it anywhere? II. Rewrite the sentences. 1. I have been to Macau before. (改為否定句)  I _ _ been to Macau before.2. He hasnt come to school because he was ill. (就劃線部分提問) _ _ he come to school?3. I bought a new bike just now. (用just改寫)

15、60;   I _ just _ a new bike.4. They have been here since 2000. (對(duì)劃線部分提問) _ _have they been here?八. 用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空：1.Shes _ (live) here since she was ten.2.Both of them _ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.3.Both of them _ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. _ you _ (find) your watch yet?7. -Are you thirsty? -No I _just _ (have) some orange.8. We_already _ (return) the book.9. _ they _ (build) a new school in